The Timing of Embryo Transfer Catheter Removal: Should It be Delayed or Done Immediately? A Prospective Randomized Trial.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Data on the timing of catheter removal technique following embryo transfer (ET) are quite limited. We aimed to compare the reproductive outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)/ET cycles in which the transfer catheter was removed immediately with those in which the catheter was removed after a delay period and hereby to evaluate the impact that the time interval before removal of the catheter following embryo deposit may have on the fertility outcomes. METHODS: A prospective randomized study was designed. ICSI/ET patients <40 years were randomly assigned to either of the group from which catheter was withdrawn immediately within the first 5 s (Group A) or after a 30 s delay (Group B) following ET. RESULTS: Groups A and B consisted of 147 and 148 patients, respectively. Patient demographics and stimulation characteristics were comparable between the groups. Pregnancy rate was 32.2% (95 of 295) and clinical pregnancy rate was 28.8% (85 of 295), whereas ongoing pregnancy was 24.4% (72 of 295) and implantation rate was 29.6% (100 of 338). The comparison of reproductive outcomes revealed no significant differences in pregnancy (p = 0.933), clinical pregnancy (p = 0.673), ongoing pregnancy (p = 0.590), multiple pregnancy (p = 0.801), and implantation rates (p = 0.979) between the groups. CONCLUSION: No significant difference was observed in the reproductive outcomes between the groups; thus, there appears no requirement to delay the withdrawal of the catheter to improve the outcomes in ICSI cycles.

Do younger women with elevated basal follicular stimulating hormone levels undergoing gonadotropin-stimulated intrauterine insemination cycles represent compromised reproductive outcomes?

OBJECTIVE: To compare stimulation characteristics and reproductive outcomes in women representing elevated and normal day 3 FSH levels and to evaluate the prognostic significance of day 3 FSH on the reproductive outcomes of gonadotropin-stimulated IUI (GS-IUI) cycles in women <35 years. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was designed. Unexplained infertility patients at the age ≤36 years, who underwent IUI, following gonadotropin stimulation (GS), were investigated. From 105 women with a day 3 FSH≥ 10U/L, 170GS/IUI cycles were assigned to Group EF; whereas a control group (Group NF, normal FSH) was constituted of 170 cycles with a day 3 FSH levels <10U/L. Demographic and stimulation characteristics as well as reproductive outcomes were compared. Primary outcome measure of this study was the biochemical, clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates. Secondary outcome measures were total gonadotropin dose, duration of gonadotropin stimulation, multiple pregnancy, miscarriage and cycle cancellation rates. RESULTS: ß-hCG positivity, clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates did not differ between women with normal and elevated FSH levels (p=0.234, 0.282 and 0.388, respectively). Total gonadotropin dose, multiple pregnancy and miscarriage rates were not significantly different between the groups (p=0,181, 0.652 and 0.415, respectively). Duration of stimulation was significantly longer and cycle cancellation rate was significantly higher in Group EF than in Group NF (p=0.005 and 0.021, respectively). CONCLUSION: Younger women with elevated day 3 FSH represent comparable reproductive outcomes in GS-IUI cycles to those with normal FSH levels, although they may require longer periods of stimulation and are at higher risk of cycle cancellation. Thus, GS-IUI could be a possible treatment option in this patient group and should not be neglected.