Loss of Nuclear ARID-1A Expressions Is Associated with Hormone Receptor Status in Breast Cancers.

OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Adenine thymine-rich interactive domain 1A (ARIDIA) is a tumor suppressor gene involved in chromatin remodeling and it encodes the ARIDIA protein. Recent studies have shown the loss of ARIDIA protein expression in different carcinomas may have a prognostic significance. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the interactions between ARIDIA loss and molecular subtypes of breast carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ARIDIA expressions were studied in 292 formalin- fixed, paraffin- embedded breast carcinoma specimens and its association with different pathological and clinical parameters was evaluated. RESULTS: Loss of ARIDIA expression was detected in 123 cases. There was no statistically significant association between ARID-1A expression and molecular subtype of breast carcinomas (p=0.110) or HER2 amplification (p=0.909). Contrarily, there was a significant association between ARIDIA expression and presence of estrogen (p=0.047) or progesterone receptors (p=0.023). Besides a statistically significant relationship was found between loss of ARID1A, and the presence of both in situ component (p=0.016) and lymph node metastasis (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: In this study, we have demonstrated that loss of ARID1A expression positively correlates with hormone receptor status as well as tumor aggressiveness.

Does ozone administration have a protective or therapeutic effect against radiotherapy-induced testicular injury?

OBJECTIVE: We investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of ozone therapy (OT) in radiotherapy (RT)-induced testicular damage. METHODS: Thirty healthy adult male Wistar rats divided into five groups consisting of six animals each as follows: (1) Control (C), (2) RT, (3) OT, (4) OT + RT, and (5) RT + OT group. Histopathological findings, Johnsen scores, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels were evaluated. RESULTS: RT caused a significant decrease in testicular weight and Johnsen score compared to the control group. In addition, TBARS level was significantly higher, whereas GSH, SOD, catalase, and GPx levels were significantly lower in the RT group when compared to the control group. Pre and postRT OT significantly increased GSH, SOD, catalase, and GPx levels and decreased TBARS level. Furthermore, testicular weight and Johnsen score were increased with OT. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that OT is protective and therapeutic in radiation-induced testicular damage. OT may be beneficial to the patients who underwent RT.

Evaluation of human epididymal secretory protein 4 expression according to the molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive, triple-negative) of breast cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Human epididymal secretory protein 4 (HE4) is originally described as an epididymis-specific protein but more recently suggested to be a putative serum tumor marker for some tumors, including breast carcinomas. In this study, we aimed to investigate the interactions between HE4 expression and molecular subtypes of breast carcinomas. METHODS: HE4 expressions were studied in 242 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast carcinoma specimens and their association with different pathological and clinical parameters was evaluated. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for HE4 was negative in 3 (1.2%) cases, weakly positive (1+) in 7 (2.9%) cases, moderately positive (2+) in 58 (24.0%) cases, and strongly positive (3+) in 174 (71.9%) cases. A correlation between IHC HE4 staining grade and molecular groups was detected (P = 0.005). Furthermore, it was found that HE4 expression was strongly associated with histological tumor grade, c-erbB2 expression, and positive fluorescence in situ hybridization test results that detect human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/neu amplification (P = 0.022, P = 0.014, and P = 0.011). CONCLUSION: This study showed that HE4 expression is associated with HER2/neu amplification in breast cancers. These results may be commented as HE4 expression rises in patients with HER2/neu amplification. As is known, HER2/neu amplification is a poor diagnostic factor in breast cancer and HE4 expression is possibly associated with poor prognosis.

Expression of Stromal Caveolin- 1 May Be a Predictor for Aggressive Behaviour of Breast Cancer.

Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is well known as a principal scaffolding protein of caveolae which are specialized plasma membrane structures. The role of Cav-1 in tumorigenesis of breast cancers is relatively less studied. The aim of the present study is to describe the biological roles of Cav-1 in breast cancers considering its contrasting dual functions as an oncogene and as a tumor suppressor. This study included 71 females with breast cancer who had been histopathologically diagnosed in Private Gunes Pathology Laboratory between the years 2007, and 2012. The mean age is 52.48 ± 12.8 years. Patients were followed up for a mean period of 47.97 ± 20.48 months. We didn't determine Cav-1 positive tumor cells. In 36 cases (50.7%), there were stromal expressions of Cav-1. In the statistical analysis, there was a statistically significant correlation between Cav-1 expression and ER (p = 0.033), metastasis (p = 0.005), lymphatic invasion (p = 0.000), nodal metastasis (p = 0,003), perinodal invasion (p = 0.003), metastasis (p = 0.005) and survival (p = 0.009). We found that Cav-1 expression is associated with tumor size, histological grade, lymph node involvement. Accordingly, we have suggested that Cav-1 may be a predictive biomarker for breast cancer.