The association between sleep quality, depression, anxiety and stress levels, and temporomandibular joint disorders among Turkish dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the association between sleep quality, depression, anxiety and stress levels, and the frequency of temporomandibular disorders in a sample of Turkish dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The current cross-sectional study was conducted with 699 dental university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were used in the present study. RESULTS: The incidence of temporomandibular joint disorders in the present study was found to be 77.5%. Female students' FAI scores were found to be statistically significantly higher than males (p < 0.05). Additionally, higher depression and anxiety and stress levels caused increased PSQI and FAI scores. CONCLUSION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, increased temporomandibular joint disorders were observed with increased impaired sleep quality and higher depression, anxiety and stress levels among dental university students.

Evaluation of YouTube videos about smile design using the DISCERN tool and Journal of the American Medical Association benchmarks.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: YouTube contains many videos on health-related topics. "Smile Design" is one that is frequently searched on YouTube. Whether YouTube can be considered useful for patients seeking information on smile design is unclear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess and validate the features of the most popular YouTube videos on smile design. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In September 2019, the keyword "smile design" was searched on YouTube in North America using a virtual private network (VPN). The top 100 videos in a constantly updated list were recorded. The DISCERN instrument (Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information) and the benchmarks established by the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) were used to evaluate these 100 videos. A spreadsheet (Excel v2016; Microsoft Corp) was used to process statistical data, calculated as mean and frequency. RESULTS: Of the 100 videos identified, some were excluded as duplicates (11), irrelevant (4), and not presented in English (7). No video met all the JAMA criteria. Adherence to authorship and currency principles was observed in each video, and those adhering to attribution and disclosure principles were categorized as "good." The average DISCERN score for the 78 included videos was fair (39.6 points); all videos scored poor or fair-very poor, good, or excellent scores were not found. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of information on YouTube videos relating to smile design was only fair. Patients should use smile design information found on YouTube with caution. When professionals upload a video to YouTube, they should use evaluation tools as a quality guide.