Long-term functional outcomes after primary surgical repair of acute and chronic patellar tendon rupture: Series of 25 patients.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes after surgical repair of patellar tendon rupture (PTR) and compare the evolution of 2 types of rupture (acute and chronic) after the same rehabilitation protocol. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of patients with PTR treated between January 2006 and January 2014 in the department of trauma surgery, Ibn Rochd university hospital, Casablanca. RESULTS: We evaluated 25 patients (21 men) after a median follow-up of 75 months (range 29-120). The mean age was 34.7±8.59 years. Overall, 17 patients had acute rupture and 8 chronic rupture. Fifteen healthy volunteers (13 men) were recruited as a control group. Mean Knee Society Score (KSS) knee score was significantly higher after than before surgery (82.28±12.297 vs 20.64±7.6; P<0.0001) as was KSS function score (88.40±17.483 vs 23.40±8.98; P<0.0001). Pain measured on a visual analog scale was significantly lower after than before surgery (1.96±1.24 vs 6.60±1.26; P<0.0001). ROM and KSS knee and function scores were significantly lower on the operated than non-operated side after surgery. For both types of PTR, only knee extensor muscle strength was significantly lower on the operated than non-operated side and as compared with healthy volunteer knees. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical repair of PTR with reinforcement and an early rehabilitation program demonstrate good results after a long follow-up. However, chronic PTR may need longer or a different rehabilitation protocol of the knee-extensor apparatus.

[Urodynamic profile of voiding disorders persisting after treatment of posterior urethral valve]. / Profil urodynamique des troubles vésico-sphinctériens persistants après cure de valves de l'urètre postérieur.

PURPOSE: Posterior urethral valves (PUV) are the most common cause of bladder outlet obstruction in infancy that impairs renal and bladder function. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We realize a retrospective study and examined 35 boys with urinary disorders post-treatment of PUV, seen at the urodynamic consultation. RESULTS: The mean age: 7.56 years, urinary problems are dominated by recurrent urinary tract infections and urinary leakage, morphological assessment is marked by the constant expansion of the urinary tract and bladder, 18 children have end-stage renal disease of which 8 are candidates for transplantation. About urodynamic, the uroflowmetry with measure of post-void urine residue: dysuria with significant residual urine in 14 children; for cystometry, 20 children with bladder hyperactivity, 9 bladders are hypotonic hypoactive with high capacity, 6 explorations are normal. CONCLUSION: Urodynamic explorations are all interest when voiding symptoms persist after endoscopic section valves and despite a good radiological result.

[Incidence, circumstances and consequences of falls in patients undergoing rehabilitation after a first stroke]. / Incidence, circonstances et conséquences des chutes chez les patients en rééducation après un premier accident vasculaire cérébral.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence, circumstances, and consequences of falls in patients admitted in a rehabilitation ward after a stroke. METHODS: Prospective monitoring of falls over four years in a neurological rehabilitation unit. Use of fall registry. INCLUSION CRITERIA: age < 75 years, admission < 45 days after stroke onset, single stroke of 1 cerebral hemisphere (nonlacunar) or of the brain stem. Only falls due to loss of balance were considered; falls caused by a seizure or syncope were not considered. RESULTS: Of 217 consecutive patients with the inclusion criteria, 34 had fallen at least once (15.7%) and 10 twice (4.1%). Fall incidence, defined as the number of falls per patient per day was 2.2 per thousand. Half of the patients fell the first three weeks after admission. Most falls involved getting to or from the wheelchair or the bed; 1 patient had recovered minimal postural abilities at the gym but was not independent. Traumatic lesions were noted in 13 patients: they were minor in nine and severe in four, including three fractures. CONCLUSION: Falls due to loss of balance are a major problem in patients undergoing rehabilitation after a stroke. Getting to and from wheelchairs in the bedroom and bathroom by patients who are not allowed to do so play a key role in many falls. Prevention programs should consider this information.

Incontinence urinaire de la femme marocaine : etude descriptive en milieu urbain

Objective : The aim of this study was to assess female urinary incontinence in Morocco with respect to its prevalence; its severity; the degree of impairment of the daily activities due to the problem and the women's attitude towards their handicap. Material et Methods : In 1999 we performed a survey including 368 moroccan women living in an urban area (Casablanca). They were recruited from different socio-economic classes. Their age ranged from 18 to 75 years. The questionnaire was evaluated by an expert committee (urologists; gynaecologists; epidemiologists). Results : The overall prevalence of urinary incontinence among the interviewed women was 31with stress urinary incontinence in 13.5and urge incontinence in 17.5. 50of the women suffering from incontinence were older than 50 years. 53.5of them were menopaused; 26were nullipares while 52had more than 3 children. The urine loss is bothersome and influences all daily activities. 70of those who lose urine more than once daily are bothered especially during prayer time. Conclusion In Morocco; 31of the female population suffers from urinary incontinence. The risk factors are: advanced age; multiparity; menopause; obstetrical trauma. However other factors like ethnical; environmental and anatomic factors may play a role; too. An impairment of the daily activities is present in almost all patients; however; most of our women suffering from urinary incontinence live with the discomfort. Out of those women asking for medical help; the majority consults the general practitioners. From this fact it becomes evident that training these general practioners is necessary to help improving the detection and management of this disease

Diffuse arthralgia and myalgia as the first manifestation of benign myeloradiculopathy due to cytomegalovirus infection in an immunocompetent patient.

CMV-induced neurological manifestations are uncommon, especially in immunocompetent subjects. We report a case of CMV-induced myeloradiculopathy with a favorable outcome in an immunocompetent patient who presented with diffuse myalgia and inflammatory polyarthralgia. Presence of both peripheral and central neurological abnormalities with monocytosis and positive serological tests in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid established the diagnosis. Mixed neurological involvement is rare during CMV infection and usually occurs in association with a deficiency in immunological responses.

[Continent urinary diversion in neurogenic bladders]. / Dérivation vésicale continente dans les vessies neurologiques.

Many patients with urinary incontinence due to neurogenic sphincter insufficiency are treated by intermittent catheterization combined with drug therapy. A few refractory cases require surgical treatment. The authors report 5 cases of neurogenic bladder in 3 men and 2 women with a mean age of 20 years. The neurological lesion was secondary to spina bifida (2 cases), spinal cord trauma (2 cases) and leprosy (1 case). All patients complained of urinary incontinence due to sphincter atonia, with normal bladder compliance. We opted for continent cystostomy using the Benchekroun hydraulic valve. One death occurred during the postoperative period as a result of an anaesthetic accident. Reopening of the bladder neck occurred in 3 patients and required revision and one patient developed bladder stones 6 years after the operation. The functional results were considered to be excellent. Continent cystostomy using Benchekroun!! technique appears to be a reliable method in the treatment of urinary incontinence due to sphincter incompetence in selected patients.

[Detubularized U-shaped enterocystoplasty after cystoprostatectomy]. / Entérocystoplastie détubulée en U après cystoprostatectomie.

We reviewed the charts of 58 patients who underwent orthotopic bladder replacement after total cystoprostatectomy for muscle invasive bladder cancer. Mean age was 56 years. As described by Camey, 60 centimetres of small bowel, are isolated, detubularised then folded upon itself to form a U shaped reservoir, which is anastomosed to the urethra. Death occurred in 5%. Urologic complications observed were: urinary leakage (15%), ureteral reflux (6.8%), ureteral stenosis (8.6%) and stones of the neobladder (5.1%). 64.2% of the patients were immediately continent during the day. Nocturnal continence was obtained for 50% immediately and for 80% three months postoperatively. Detubularised and U shaped cystoplasty achieve a low pressure reservoir, with protection of the upper urinary tract, and a diurnal continence. Nocturnal continence is achieved later.