RESUMO
Colvillea racemosa is a cultivated ornamental plant that is a monotypic genus of Fabaceae. It is native to Madagascar, with limited studies. For the first time, the leaf quality control parameters, the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory in vitro activity of Colvillea racemosa ethanol extract (CRE) and its fractions of petroleum ether (CRP), methylene chloride (CRMC), ethyl acetate (CREA), n-butanol (CRB), and methanol (CRME) were evaluated. It exhibited significant inhibition against α-amylase, α-glucosidase and membrane stabilization. CRB was the most active fraction, and in vivo studies revealed that oral treatment with CRB of STZ-induced diabetic rats efficiently lowered blood glucose by 67.78%, reduced serum nitric oxide and lipid peroxide levels by 41.23% and 38.45%, respectively, and increased the GSH level by 90.48%. In addition, compared with the diabetic group, there was a 52.2% decrease in serum VCAM, a 55.5% increase in paraoxonase, an improved lipid profile, and improved liver and kidney functions for a treated diabetic group with CRB. Metabolite profiling of CRB was determined by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and tandem MS/MS. Twenty-three chromatographic peaks were identified, which were classified into phenolic compounds and amino acids. The characterized flavonoids were apigenin and luteolin derivatives.
RESUMO
The diuretic activity of ethanolic extract of Panicum repens was investigated in rats. A single oral dose of 500 mg/kg of P. repens extract were given to rats, after 24 h, urine volume, its sodium and potassium concentrations were estimated. Treatment with P. repens extract caused a significant increase in tested parameters as compared to their corresponding controls, p < 0.05.
Assuntos
Diuréticos/farmacologia , Panicum/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Raízes de Plantas/química , Rizoma/química , Administração Oral , Animais , Diuréticos/administração & dosagem , Diuréticos/química , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Etanol/química , Masculino , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Extratos Vegetais/química , Potássio/urina , Ratos Wistar , Sódio/urinaRESUMO
The hypolipidemic effect of an ethanolic extract from the roots and rhizomes of Panicum repens L. was investigated in rats suffering from high-cholesterol, diet-induced hyperlipidemia, and the phytochemicals in the extract were analyzed. The extract was administered p.o. in doses of 250 mg/kg/day together with cholesterol at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 7 weeks. The high-cholesterol diet caused a significant increase in total lipids, total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and the atherogenic index, whereas the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly decreased. Administration of the P. repens extract (p<0.05) significantly reduced the rise of the serum levels of total lipids, TC, TG, and LDL-C, as well as the atherogenic index, whereas it significantly increased (p<0.05) the level of HDL-C. HPLC analysis of the phenolics and flavonoids in the extract revealed the presence of gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, chicoric acid, primulic acid, rutin, apigenin-7-glucoside, and quercetin. In conclusion, the P. repens extract was found to possess hypolipidemic activity in high-fat, diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats.
Assuntos
Hiperlipidemias/tratamento farmacológico , Panicum/química , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Raízes de Plantas/química , Rizoma/química , Animais , Colesterol na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Flavonoides/análise , Hipolipemiantes/uso terapêutico , Testes de Função Renal , Lipídeos/análise , Lipídeos/sangue , Fígado/química , Testes de Função Hepática , Masculino , Camundongos , Fenóis/análise , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
The oil of the dried pulps of Livistona decipiens and L. chinensis palm fruits have been studied for the first time by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for their unsaponifiable matter (USM) and fatty acid composition (FAME). The antihyperlipidemic and anti-ulcer activities for both oils were also assayed. The principal fatty acid of L. decipiens pulp oil was oleic acid (53.4 %) and of L. chinensis pulp oil palmitic acid (47.4 %). In relation to anti-hyperlipidemic properties, the pulp oil of L. decipiens presented a better profile than that of L. chinensis, in comparison with the reference standard (simvastatin). In addition, both pulp oils showed high anti-ulcer activity using an indomethacin-induced ulceration technique in rat stomach. The relationship between the anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-ulcer and chemical composition of the pulp oils is also discussed.
Assuntos
Antiulcerosos/química , Arecaceae/química , Frutas/química , Hipolipemiantes/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Antiulcerosos/farmacologia , Gorduras na Dieta , Hiperlipidemias/tratamento farmacológico , Hipolipemiantes/química , Indometacina/toxicidade , Lipídeos/sangue , Masculino , Ratos , Úlcera Gástrica/induzido quimicamente , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of Tribulus alatus extracts on free serum testosterone in male rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Free serum testosterone level was measured in male rats treated with alcoholic extracts of the aerial part without fruits, fruits of Tribulus alatus and their fractions. RESULTS: All tested extracts showed significant increase in the level of free serum testosterone when compared to that of corresponding control, p < 0.05. Statistical comparison of all groups revealed that the maximum level was found in groups treated with chloroformic and ethanolic fractions of fruits extract. CONCLUSION: Tribulus alatus extract appears to possess aphrodisiac activity due to its androgen increasing property.
Assuntos
Afrodisíacos/farmacologia , Fitoterapia , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/química , Comportamento Sexual Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Testosterona/sangue , Tribulus/química , Animais , Afrodisíacos/química , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Masculino , Pênis/irrigação sanguínea , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of Tribulus alatus extracts on free serum testosterone in male rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Free serum testosterone level was measured in male rats treated with alcoholic extracts of the aerial part without fruits, fruits of Tribulus alatus and their fractions. RESULTS: All tested extracts showed significant increase in the level of free serum testosterone when compared to that of corresponding control, p < 0.05. Statistical comparison of all groups revealed that the maximum level was found in groups treated with chloroformic and ethanolic fractions of fruits extract. CONCLUSION: Tribulus alatus extract appears to possess aphrodisiac activity due to its androgen increasing property.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Afrodisíacos/farmacologia , Fitoterapia , Componentes Aéreos da Planta/química , Comportamento Sexual Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Testosterona/sangue , Tribulus/química , Afrodisíacos/química , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Pênis/irrigação sanguínea , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Six steroidal glycosides (1-6) were isolated from the aerial parts of Tribulus alatus Del. (Zygophyllaceae), together with one known cholestane, one spirostane, and six flavonol glycosides. Among them, 1 and 2 possess a furostane-type aglycone, 3 and 6 a cholestane structure, and 4 and 5 a spirostane skeleton. Their structural elucidation was accomplished by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D ((1)H, (13)C, (13)C DEPT, TOCSY, ROESY) and 2D NMR experiments (DQF-COSY, HSQC, HMBC) as well as ESI-MS analysis.