Control of non-conformities in the pre-analytical phase at the Bacteriology Laboratory of the Ibn Sina University Hospital in Rabat (Morocco).

INTRODUCTION: The errors in the pre-analytic phase are at the origin of 60 to 85% of the errors in the results proceeded from laboratory. AIM: To evaluate the impact of the pre-analytical phase on the received bacteriology samples received at the medical bacteriology laboratory of Ibn Sina UH in Rabat Morocco in order to propose corrective actions. METHODS: A descriptive and quantitative study of the non-conformities of the pre-analytical phase identified in the central laboratory of medical bacteriology of the Ibn Sina hospital in Rabat over a period of 6 months (from January 01 to July 01, 2020). It concerned samples from various clinical services and care units of Ibn Sina Hospital, as well as external samples. In order to act on these various dysfunctions, we used quality tools such as the Pareto chart and from Ishikawa. RESULTS: We counted 424 cases of pre-analytical NC on 14468 samples received to the Central Laboratory of Bacteriology or 2.93%. These are mainly errors of sample identification and patient identity (59.66%), quality and quantity of samples (25.02%) and problem of conditions of transport and packaging (15.32%). CONCLUSION: Its mastery requires firstly, a close collaboration between the various services, prescribers, samplers and biologists and secondly the respect of each stage of this phase by the hospital staff.

Management of biological and infectious risks at the medical bacteriology Laboratory of the Ibn Sina University Hospital in Rabat.

INTRODUCTION: The laboratory of bacteriology is a place with a potential risk and permanent exhibition to biological and infectious hazards caused by the handling of potentially contaminated biological products. AIMS: To evaluate biological and infectious, analyze the circumstances of incidents and accidents and propose a professional risk assessment process (EvRP) to the laboratory with an action plan that can be carried out immediately. METHODS: A descriptive epidemiological cross-sectional study carried out in the medical bacteriology laboratory of the Ibn Sina University Hospital in Rabat over a period of twelve months. It is based on self-questionnaires, observations and interviews with staff. RESULTS: The evaluation showed that the staff of this service is highly exposed. AES constitutes the most important biological risk with 28.6% of the staff but without any declaration. The absence of a referent in health risk management to communicate knowledge of biological and infectious risk to staff. Only 14.3% of staff would be up to date for the vaccination. The absence of a post-exposure biological risk action plan and the design of the tuberculosis laboratory does not comply with risk level 3. CONCLUSION: An action plan and prevention strategies must be implemented and their application is based on numerous national and international regulatory texts.

Antimicrobial activity of honey in periodontal disease: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Honey has shown positive antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory actions in several dermatological studies; however, it is unclear if it could be effective in the treatment of periodontal disease. OBJECTIVES: To answer the question: Does honey have antimicrobial activity against periodontopathogens? METHODS: Six electronic databases were screened from initiation to 31 January 2019 for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled in vitro studies exploring the antimicrobial effect of honey against periodontopathogens. Honey's botanical origin, periopathogens that showed microbial susceptibility to honey, MICs, microbial growth conditions, control product and clinical follow-up were the main investigated outcomes. The risk of bias (RoB) of included RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration RoB tool. The RoB of in vitro studies was evaluated based on the Sarkis-Onofre judgement model adapted to the context of honey. RESULTS: A total of 1448 publications were found as search results in the screened databases. Sixteen eligible papers were included based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Retained studies included 5 RCTs and 11 in vitro controlled trials. Manuka and multifloral honeys were the most studied varieties. The tested honeys showed a significant antimicrobial action, with different MICs, against eight periopathogens. Four of the five RCTs showed a high RoB, while 4 of the 11 retained in vitro studies showed a medium RoB. CONCLUSIONS: Honey showed a significant antimicrobial activity against all targeted periopathogens. Additional experiments are required to explore the entire antimicrobial spectrum of honey towards all pathogens involved in periodontal disease.

[Prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates resistant to imipenem by production of metallo-ß-lactamases in Rabat Military Teaching Hospital Mohammed V]. / Résistance à l'imipénème par production de métallo-ß-lactamases par Acinetobacter baumannii et Pseudomonas aeruginosa à l'Hôpital militaire d'instruction Mohammed V de Rabat.

We studied the production of metallo-ß-lactamases (MBL) in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains resistant to imipenem at the Rabat Mohammed V military teaching hospital, according to Yong et al.'s method, using a sterilized solution of EDTA 0.5 M pH 8. One hundred and five bacterial strains (48 A. baumannii and 57 P. aeruginosa) were identified. 45 (42.9%) with 34 A. baumannii and 11 P. aeruginosa were resistant to imipenem. The prevalence of MBL producing strains was 22.2% (10/45). The existence of this isolates resistant to imipenem by producing metallo-ß-lactamases is an emerging public health problem. It is necessary to implemente infection control programs to avoid spreading of multidrug resistant bacteria.

Behavior of NiTi in the presence of oral bacteria: corrosion by Streptococcus mutans.

The aim of this study was to investigate the electrochemical behavior of nickel titanium (NiTi) orthodontic wires in a solution containing Streptococcus mutans oral bacteria. In this article, we explain our choice of bacterial species before describing the culture process in artificial saliva and the precautions needed to prevent contamination by other bacteria. The electrochemical behavior of the alloy (NiTi) was analyzed electrochemically in Ringer sterile artificial saliva and in artificial saliva enriched with a sterile broth and modified by addition of bacteria. The electrochemical procedures chosen for this study were: free corrosion potential, potentiodynamic curves and impedance spectroscopy. In this way, we were able to show that the free corrosion potential of the NiTi in the Ringer solution increases with time and then stabilizes, thus passivating the alloy. We also demonstrated that colonization of the metal surface by bacteria triggered a drop in the free corrosion potential. The electrochemical impedance findings revealed no significant difference in NiTi behavior between the two media. Finally, we observed a slight difference between the two corrosion currents in favor of the bacteria-enriched solution, in which the NiTi underwent greater corrosion. These findings demonstrate the impact of acidogenic bacteria on corrosion behavior of the NiTi wires investigated. However, further research is required, notably incorporating longer immersion times in the two media.