RESUMO
Inspection of 300 infants attending a primary health care (PHC) center at Hail region showed that 18.8% of children failed to develop BCG reations. This directed attention to inspect the process of vaccination at hospitals in which 80% of deliveries and BCG vaccination took place. Defects in the process of vaccination and cold chain system were noticed. Reorganization of the process of vaccination in addition to training the staff responsible for vaccination were done. A survey was followed to evaluate failure of BCG vaccination before and after the intervention. We checked 4145 infants two to twelve months of age, for any reaction at the site of BCG vaccination. After intervention vaccination failure dropped from 20.4% to 4.9% for infants vaccinated in hospitals (p = 0.00001), and from 7.9% to 3.2% for those vaccinated in health centers (p = 0.01). Moreover, before intervention success of BCG vaccination was significantly higher in PHC centers (92.1%) than in hospitals (79.6%). This difference became insignificant after intervention because success of BCG vaccination in hospitals has increased up to 95.1% compared to 96.8% in health centers. Inspection of all infants for BCG reaction is continued as a part of routine work at PHC centers, and re-vaccination of those who failed to develop reation to BCG is conducted without any reported complications.
Assuntos
Vacina BCG , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde/organização & administração , Tuberculose/prevenção & controle , Vacinação/métodos , Vacina BCG/efeitos adversos , Vacina BCG/normas , Cicatriz/induzido quimicamente , Centros Comunitários de Saúde , Armazenamento de Medicamentos/métodos , Armazenamento de Medicamentos/normas , Hospitais , Humanos , Programas de Imunização/métodos , Programas de Imunização/normas , Lactente , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/educação , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Refrigeração/métodos , Refrigeração/normas , Arábia Saudita , Vacinação/efeitos adversos , Vacinação/enfermagem , Vacinação/normasRESUMO
This work was carried out to study the pattern of use of antimicrobial agents in Egypt. 2034 files were selected from two general hospitals by a systematic random sampling method, and the data concerning the antimicrobials were collected from each file. The results of this study showed that there was misuse of these agents both in therapy and prophylaxis. Antibiotics were prescribed to 80.17% of admitted patients. In most of the cases they were prescribed without documented proof of infection and were prescribed for conditions in which antimicrobial use is not justified for either therapy or prophylaxis. Among patients who received antibiotics, 30.8% received repeated courses, in most of whom there was no reasonable indication.
