Screening of antimicrobial activity of macroalgae extracts from the Moroccan Atlantic coast.

The aim of this work is the screening of the antimicrobial activity of seaweed extracts against pathogenic bacteria and yeasts. The antimicrobial activity of the dichloromethane and ethanol extracts of ten marine macroalgae collected from the Moroccan's Atlantic coast (El-Jadida) was tested against two Gram+ (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram- (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) human pathogenic bacteria, and against two pathogenic yeasts (Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans) using the agar disk-diffusion method. Seven algae (70%) of ten seaweeds are active against at least one pathogenic microorganisms studied. Five (50%) are active against the two studied yeast with an inhibition diameter greater than 15 mm for Cystoseira brachycarpa. Six (60%) seaweeds are active against at least one studied bacteria with five (50%) algae exhibiting antibacterial inhibition diameter greater than 15 mm. Cystoseira brachycarpa, Cystoseira compressa, Fucus vesiculosus, and Gelidium sesquipedale have a better antimicrobial activity with a broad spectrum antimicrobial and are a potential source of antimicrobial compounds and can be subject of isolation of the natural antimicrobials.

[Bio-guided isolation of an antifungal from Haliclona enamela collected from Jorf Lasfar port, Morocco]. / Isolement bio-dirigé d'un antifongique à partir de Haliclona enamela récoltée du port de Jorf Lasfar, Maroc.

In the context of our search for new biologically active secondary metabolites from marine invertebrates, we have isolated an antifungal from Haliclona enamela collected from Jorf Lasfar Port, El Jadida, Morocco. This has a strong antifungal activity against three yeasts (two Candida spp. and one Cryptococcus spp.) involved in human mycology and especially against Candida tropicalis resistant to nystatin and amphotericin B.

[Seasonal and geographical variation range of antifungal activity of sponge extracts from the Moroccan Atlantic coasts]. / Variation saisonnière et géographique de l'activité antifongique des extraits de deux éponges marines récoltées sur le littoral atlantique d'El Jadida, Maroc.

Currently, marine organisms have a very important source of new molecules in pharmacology and thus in the development of new bioactive products. The organic and aqueous extracts of two marine sponges, Cinachyrella tarentine collected during two different seasons, winter and summer, and Cliona viridis collected in two different zones on the coast of El Jadida (Morocco) were tested for their antifungal activity using the diffusion method. The C. tarentine sponge collected in January (winter) has a very important activity compared to that collected in August (summer). While the sponge C. viridis collected from Jorf Lasfar port (shallower and polluted area) has a very important activity compared to that collected from the coast of El Jadida (depth and unpolluted area).