RESUMO
Cosmic radiation is an occupational risk factor for commercial aircrews. In this large European cohort study (ESCAPE) its association with cancer mortality was investigated on the basis of individual effective dose estimates for 19,184 male pilots. Mean annual doses were in the range of 2-5 mSv and cumulative lifetime doses did not exceed 80 mSv. All-cause and all-cancer mortality was low for all exposure categories. A significant negative risk trend for all-cause mortality was seen with increasing dose. Neither external and internal comparisons nor nested case-control analyses showed any substantially increased risks for cancer mortality due to ionizing radiation. However, the number of deaths for specific types of cancer was low and the confidence intervals of the risk estimates were rather wide. Difficulties in interpreting mortality risk estimates for time-dependent exposures are discussed.
Assuntos
Aeronaves , Radiação Cósmica , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Exposição Ocupacional , Adulto , Medicina Aeroespacial/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Causas de Morte , Estudos de Coortes , Radiação Cósmica/efeitos adversos , Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Neoplasias/etiologia , Neoplasias Induzidas por Radiação/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Induzidas por Radiação/etiologia , Neoplasias Induzidas por Radiação/mortalidade , Exposição Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Distribuição de Poisson , Radiometria , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
AIMS: To determine the cancer incidence in Swedish cabin crew. METHODS: Cancer incidence of cabin crew at the Swedish Scandinavian Airline System (SAS) (2324 women and 632 men) employed from 1957 to 1994 was determined during 1961-96 from the Swedish National Cancer Register. The cancer incidence in cabin crew was compared with that of the general Swedish population by comparing observed and expected number of cases through standardised incidence ratios (SIR). A nested case-control study was performed, including cancer cases diagnosed after 1979 and four controls per case matched by gender, age, and calendar year. RESULTS: The SIR for cancer overall was 1.01 (95% CI 0.78 to 1.24) for women and 1.16 (95% CI 0.76 to 1.55) for men. Both men and women had an increased incidence of malignant melanoma of the skin (SIR 2.18 and 3.66 respectively) and men of non-melanoma skin cancer (SIR 4.42). Female cabin attendants had a non-significant increase of breast cancer (SIR 1.30; 95% CI 0.85 to 1.74). No clear associations were found between length of employment or cumulative block hours and cancer incidence. CONCLUSIONS: Swedish cabin crew had an overall cancer incidence similar to that of the general population. An increased incidence of malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer may be associated with exposure to UV radiation, either at work or outside work. An increased risk of breast cancer in female cabin crew is consistent with our results and may in part be due to differences in reproductive history.
Assuntos
Medicina Aeroespacial , Aeronaves , Neoplasias/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Adulto , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/etiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Melanoma/epidemiologia , Melanoma/etiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Induzidas por Radiação/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Sistema de Registros , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Suécia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
We present a case of possible myocardial sarcoidosis suspected by the presence of multiorgan sarcoidosis along with cardiac dysrhythmia. The diagnosis of a highly probable sarcoid infiltrate was made by magnetic resonance imaging, depicting a high intensity mass in the ventricular septum. Following corticosteroid treatment the mass disappeared, and remains absent after 3 years followup. Also, only minor dysrhythmia has been observed during this period. The aeromedical implications are discussed.
Assuntos
Medicina Aeroespacial , Cardiomiopatias/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Militares , Sarcoidose/diagnóstico , Adulto , Cardiomiopatias/complicações , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Sarcoidose/complicações , Complexos Ventriculares Prematuros/etiologia , Avaliação da Capacidade de TrabalhoRESUMO
ADP-induced and whole blood platelet adhesiveness have been studied by repeated measurements during the acute stage of the disease and the following two months in 86 randomly selected patients admitted to a coronary care unit because of acute central chest pain. In the patients who developed ECG and enzyme changes typical of infarction (group 1), platelet adhesiveness was significantly increased on admission compared with the rest of the patients (group 2) and controls (group 3). Patients in groups 1 and 2 showed a secondary increase during the first week, but two months after admission the means had returned to values within the normal range. No correlation was found between platelet adhesiveness and infarction size or fatal outcome of the disease. Platelet adhesiveness did not differ between patients with ECG changes indicating a transmural infarct and those with mainly subendocardial infarction.
