[Papulovesicular exanthem after a safari in South Africa]. / Papulovesikuläres Exanthem nach einer Südafrika-Safari.

A 68-year-old man presented with a papulovesicular exanthem, fever and malaise after a safari in South Africa. Based on the history, the typical clinical picture with an exanthema and eschar as well as the detection of antibodies against rickettsioses of the spotted fever group, we diagnosed African tick-bite fever which is due to R. africae. During treatment with doxycycline 200 mg/d, all symptoms resolved completely within 11 days. Rickettsioses should always be considered in patients presenting with exanthema, fever and malaise. Particularly the presence of one or multiple eschars on the skin manifesting as erythematous plaques with central necrosis is a pathognomic sign. The serological detection of antibodies against rickettsia species of the spotted fever group is the established diagnostic standard. Due to extensive cross-reactions it is not possible to distinguish between the members of one rickettsial group. Furthermore antibody titers rise late in the disease, frequently 2 or 3 weeks after the onset of symptoms. This underscores the importance of the clinical diagnosis.

[Genetic causes of impaired wound healing. Rare differential diagnosis of the non-healing wound]. / Genetische Ursachen schwerer Wundheilungsstörungen. Seltene Differenzialdiagnosen der nicht heilenden Wunde.

Chronic leg ulcers affect about 1% of the German population. The intense search for the underlying cause of impaired wound healing is an essential requirement for successful therapy. The most common causes comprise chronic venous insufficiency (70%), peripheral arterial occlusive disease (10%) and diabetes mellitus. Besides vasculitis, infectious diseases and tumors, genetic diseases may constitute the underlying cause for impaired wound healing. In this review various rare genetic diseases causing chronic wounds like the Klinefelter-Syndrome, immunological diseases including the TAP-deficiency-syndrome and the leukocyte adhesion deficiency-syndromes, red blood cell disorders, thalassemia, thrombotic diseases, progeroid syndromes and inherited connective tissue disorders are presented.