Chemotherapy dosing in achondroplastic dwarfism: a case report and review of literature.

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: CASE DESCRIPTION: A 74-year-old female with achondroplastic dwarfism was diagnosed with ER-, BR- and HER2- breast cancer. No guideline currently exists to direct chemotherapy dosing in this population. She received neoadjuvant chemotherapy based on body surface area utilizing actual height and weight with dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel with the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Satisfactory clinical response and remission were achieved, and treatment proceeded without any significant toxicity or delays. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: In the absence of guideline recommendations, dosing chemotherapy based on actual height and weight in patients with achondroplastic dwarfism may be safe and appropriate.

Effect of parathyroid hormone and teriparatide on immune function of human adherent and non-adherent leukocytes.

Clinical data indicate that patients with hyperparathyroidism due to chronic kidney disease have abnormal immune function. We evaluated the direct effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and two 1-34 peptide fragments of PTH on immune function in activated leukocytes from healthy donors. IL-6 and IL-8 were measured from supernatants from phytohemagglutinin-activated non-adherent and lipopolysaccharide-activated adherent leukocytes in the presence of PTH and the two peptides using ELISA. Data showed no significant change in IL-6 and IL-8 production using PTH (0.1 - 0.8 microM) or two peptides (0.2 - 1.6 microM). Lymphocyte proliferation using 3H-thymidine was not inhibited with 0.1 - 0.4 microM of PTH. However, lymphocyte proliferation was significantly inhibited at the highest dose (0.8 microM) of PTH. There was no effect of two peptides on lymphocyte proliferation. Except for inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation at the highest dose of PTH tested, our data demonstrate no direct effect of PTH and two peptide fragment on immune function.