RESUMO
The ruminants are capable of converting low-quality food, when they are complementes with high-energy source. Through the use of regional agricultural residues is possible to conduct more economical production systems, since energetic foods have high cost in animal production. There is very abundant availability of residues in agroforestry activities worldwide, so that if a small fraction of them were used with appropriate technical criteria they could largely meet the needs of existing herds in the world and thus meet the demands of consumption of protein of animal origin. The Southwest Region of São Paulo State has large area occupied by reforestation and wide availability of non-timber forest residues, which may represent more concentrated energetic food for ruminant production. This experiment aimed to evaluate the acceptability of ground pine (20, 30 and 40%), replacing part of the energetic food (corn), present in the composition of the concentrate and was performed at the Experimental Station of Itapetininga - Forest Institute / SMA, in the dry season of 2011. It were used four crossbred steers, mean 18 months old, average body weight of 250 kg, housed in a paddock provided with water ad libitum and covered troughs for supplementation with the experimental diet. The adjustment period of the animals was of 07 days and the measurement of the levels of consumption, physiolo
s.
RESUMO
The timber reforestation, mainly by Eucalyptus and Pinus sp., has low power processing, strength, good natural durability and, most importantly, provide reduce pressure on native forests. The concern with native forests and the high price of some of these woods force the market to replace those species by other, more abundant and available at most competitive prices. Anything that involves the handling of animals in its various phases has a direct dependency of husbandry facilities, pastures and actions of the people involved (best practices). With the segment of the production and export of meat increasingly competitive and globalized world, the adoption of best practices and animal welfare criteria are striking and decision makers for the acceptance of Brazilian beef in the world market, especially the European market. The use of appropriate animal husbandry facilities is critical to the proper rational management ("action with knowledge") of animals and increased productivity. The trunk restraint carries important role in the implementation and conduct of good animal welfare as having desirable features strength, durability, ability to contain cattle of various sizes, as well as easy to manipulate when the animal inside. Available on the market in the form of different models and costs, is an installation manufactured in wood and iron or galvanized, and may or may not be cou
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMO
The appropriate management and disposal of feces and urine derived from goat production systems can help minimize the environmental impact of the activity reflecting in animal welfare, good sanitary conditions, viable indexes and increase revenue by aggregating the activity value of the manure generated. Aiming to take advantage of zootechnical installation already used for the manure in rabbits husbandry, it was carried out the suitability of a 15.40 m² pen (5.7 x 2.7 meters, filled with dirt) in the goat rearing of UPD Itapetininga/APTA-SAA being deployed on slatted floor system for capturing and processing goat manure. It was dug in the floor of the bay rectangular holes with 15 m² of surface and 80 cm of depth for capturing of the excrements, filled with layers of gravel (0.20 m), coal (0.20 m), medium sand (0, 15 m) and clay (0.05 m) being the surface in direct contact with feces and urine. The gap of 40 cm between the back of the slatted floor and the last layer allowed the accumulation of manure during the occupation of the stall. We used the pens for 10 consecutive months for the management of newly calved Saanen and crossbred Saanen/Boer goats for 10 to 15 days postpartum in controlled feeding and termination of 27 confined kids. The maintenance of the collection system and treatment of manure was done through constant sweeps in the slatted floor and periodical aplica
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMO
The appropriate management and disposal of feces and urine derived from goat production systems can help minimize the environmental impact of the activity reflecting in animal welfare, good sanitary conditions, viable indexes and increase revenue by aggregating the activity value of the manure generated. Aiming to take advantage of zootechnical installation already used for the manure in rabbits husbandry, it was carried out the suitability of a 15.40 m² pen (5.7 x 2.7 meters, filled with dirt) in the goat rearing of UPD Itapetininga/APTA-SAA being deployed on slatted floor system for capturing and processing goat manure. It was dug in the floor of the bay rectangular holes with 15 m² of surface and 80 cm of depth for capturing of the excrements, filled with layers of gravel (0.20 m), coal (0.20 m), medium sand (0, 15 m) and clay (0.05 m) being the surface in direct contact with feces and urine. The gap of 40 cm between the back of the slatted floor and the last layer allowed the accumulation of manure during the occupation of the stall. We used the pens for 10 consecutive months for the management of newly calved Saanen and crossbred Saanen/Boer goats for 10 to 15 days postpartum in controlled feeding and termination of 27 confined kids. The maintenance of the collection system and treatment of manure was done through constant sweeps in the slatted floor and periodical aplica
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMO
The timber reforestation, mainly by Eucalyptus and Pinus sp., has low power processing, strength, good natural durability and, most importantly, provide reduce pressure on native forests. The concern with native forests and the high price of some of these woods force the market to replace those species by other, more abundant and available at most competitive prices. Anything that involves the handling of animals in its various phases has a direct dependency of husbandry facilities, pastures and actions of the people involved (best practices). With the segment of the production and export of meat increasingly competitive and globalized world, the adoption of best practices and animal welfare criteria are striking and decision makers for the acceptance of Brazilian beef in the world market, especially the European market. The use of appropriate animal husbandry facilities is critical to the proper rational management ("action with knowledge") of animals and increased productivity. The trunk restraint carries important role in the implementation and conduct of good animal welfare as having desirable features strength, durability, ability to contain cattle of various sizes, as well as easy to manipulate when the animal inside. Available on the market in the form of different models and costs, is an installation manufactured in wood and iron or galvanized, and may or may not be cou
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMO
The ruminants are capable of converting low-quality food, when they are complementes with high-energy source. Through the use of regional agricultural residues is possible to conduct more economical production systems, since energetic foods have high cost in animal production. There is very abundant availability of residues in agroforestry activities worldwide, so that if a small fraction of them were used with appropriate technical criteria they could largely meet the needs of existing herds in the world and thus meet the demands of consumption of protein of animal origin. The Southwest Region of São Paulo State has large area occupied by reforestation and wide availability of non-timber forest residues, which may represent more concentrated energetic food for ruminant production. This experiment aimed to evaluate the acceptability of ground pine (20, 30 and 40%), replacing part of the energetic food (corn), present in the composition of the concentrate and was performed at the Experimental Station of Itapetininga - Forest Institute / SMA, in the dry season of 2011. It were used four crossbred steers, mean 18 months old, average body weight of 250 kg, housed in a paddock provided with water ad libitum and covered troughs for supplementation with the experimental diet. The adjustment period of the animals was of 07 days and the measurement of the levels of consumption, physiolo
s.
RESUMO
This work was conducted in the Development Research Unit, in Itapetininga (23º35"30""S, 48º03"11""W and 670 m altitude), SP, Brazil, in a red darkness latosol, the Rami (Boehmeria nivea cv. Myasaki) was evaluated under two nitrogen sources (mineral: ammonium sulphate; organic: manure) and four cutting frequencies (28, 35, 42 and 49 days). Each N source, application in the basis of 100 kg/ha/year of N, was made after each cut. From May 2006 to May 2007, after the uniformity cut 13, 10, 8 and 7 cuts were made at 28; 35; 42 and 49 days interval. Fresh matter (FM), dry matter at 65ºC (DM at 65ºC), dry matter (DM), digestible dry matter, crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF) yields, as well quantities of calcium extracted (Ca) and phosphorus (P) were evaluated. There weren"t statistical significantly between two N sources in the studied variables. Dry matter production increased in a positive linear way with increased cutting interval. Year production of FM, DM at 65ºC, DM and CP reached 132.37; 19.24; 17.71 and 3.4 t ha-1, respectively. Ramie CP and DM yield were higher than quoted by a good quality tree legume, and their nutritional characteristics slowed conditions to satisfactory attend small ruminant"s requirements.
O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a produção e características nutricionais do rami, sob quatro frequências de corte, cada uma delas submetidas a duas fontes de nitrogênio (mineral e orgânico). De maio de 2006 a maio de 2007 foram realizados 13, 10, 8 e 7 cortes nas frequências 28, 35, 42 e 49 dias, respectivamente, adubadas após cada corte, com nitrogênio mineral (sulfato de amônio) ou orgânico (resíduo de limpeza de piso aviário), na dosagem de 100 kg ha-1 de N, parcelada pelo número de cortes. Após o corte de uniformização do rami, tendo sido aplicado o calcário dolomítico e adubado com P, K e N, a área foi submetida a um pisoteio animal e irrigada para melhor incorporação do corretivo. Determinaram-se as produções de matéria verde (MV), matéria seca parcial (MS a 65ºC), matéria seca total (MS), matéria seca digestível (MS digestível), proteína bruta (PB) e fibra bruta (FB), bem como as quantidades de cálcio (Ca) e fósforo (P) removidas. As duas fontes de N não proporcionaram diferenças estatísticas significativas nas variáveis estudadas. Na produção de MS, a variação da frequência de corte de 28 dias para a de 49 dias foi linearmente positiva (P 0,01). A produção anual de MV, MS a 65ºC, MS e PB atingiram valores de 132,37; 19,24; 17,71 e 3,40 t ha-1, respectivamente. As características nutricionais podem atender de forma satisfatória os requerimentos de pequenos rumi