Hypophosphatemia after high-dose iron repletion with ferric carboxymaltose and ferric derisomaltose-the randomized controlled HOMe aFers study.

BACKGROUND: In patients with iron deficiency anemia, ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) and ferric derisomaltose (FDI) allow high-dose iron repletion. While FCM is reported to induce hypophosphatemia, the frequency of hypophosphatemia after an equivalent dosage of FDI had not been assessed prospectively. METHODS: In the prospective, single-center, double-blind HOMe aFers study, 26 women with iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin < 12 g/dL plus either plasma ferritin ≤ 100 ng/mL or a plasma ferritin ≤ 300 ng/mL and transferrin saturation (TSAT) ≤ 30%) were randomized to a single intravenous infusion of 20 mg/kg body weight (up to a maximum of 1000 mg) FCM or FDI. The primary endpoint was the incidence of hypophosphatemia (plasma phosphorus levels < 2.0 mg/dL at day 1, day 7 ± 2, and/or day 35 ± 2 after the infusion). In order to investigate potential skeletal and cardiovascular implications, we assessed changes in other components of mineral and bone metabolism, left ventricular function, and arrhythmias. RESULTS: Hypophosphatemia occurred more frequently in women treated with FCM (9 out of 12 [75%]) than in those treated with FDI (1 out of 13 [8%]; p = 0.001). Within 24 h after iron supplementation, women in the FCM group had significant higher plasma intact FGF23 (p < 0.001) and lower plasma 1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D (p < 0.001). As an indicator of urinary phosphorus losses, urinary fractional phosphorus excretion was higher in the FCM group (p = 0.021 at day 7 ± 2 after iron supplementation). We did not observe differences in skeletal and cardiovascular markers, potentially because of the limited number of participants. CONCLUSIONS: While both FCM and FDI provide efficient iron repletion in participants with iron deficiency anemia, FCM induced hypophosphatemia more often than FDI. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials.gov NCT02905539. Registered on 8 September 2016. 2015-004808-36 (EudraCT Number) U1111-1176-4563 (WHO Universal Trial Number) DRKS00010766 (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien).

[Evidence-based drug therapy for heart failure-an update]. / Aktuelles zur evidenzbasierten medikamentösen Herzinsuffizienztherapie.

Chronic heart failure affects millions of people worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Because of steadily increasing ageing populations and improved survival rates after myocardial infarction, the incidence of chronic heart failure is rising. As acute decompensated heart failure is one of the leading causes for hospitalization in Germany, heart failure imposes a huge economic burden on its health care system. Guideline directed therapy is important to improve prognosis. In the following, we give an overview about novel heart failure clinical trial results and point to important comorbidities.

[Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy and coronary revascularization in end-stage renal failure]. / Kardiovaskuläre Pharmakotherapie und koronare Revaskularisation bei terminaler Niereninsuffizienz.

There is a close physiological relationship between the kidneys and the heart. Cardiovascular diseases are the most prevalent cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), whereas CKD may directly accelerate the progression of cardiovascular diseases and is considered to be a cardiovascular risk factor. In patients with mild CKD, i.e. an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >60 ml/min/1.73 m2, treatment of coronary artery disease and chronic heart failure is not essentially different from patients with preserved renal function; however, as most pivotal trials have systematically excluded patients with advanced renal failure, many treatment recommendations in this patient group are based on observational studies, post hoc subgroup analyses and meta-analyses or pathophysiological considerations, which are not supported by controlled studies. Therefore, prospective randomized studies on the management of heart failure and coronary artery disease are needed, which should specifically focus on the growing number of patients with advanced renal functional impairment.