[Mandatory calibration of dosimeters used in radiotherapy]. / Die Eichpflicht für Therapiedosimeter.

In the Federal Republic of Germany, therapy level dosimeters have been subjected to mandatory verification since January 1st, 1983. This paper informs of the legal foundations and the numerous regulations, which must be observed in particular by the manufacturers and users of these dosimeters. Moreover, the paper reports on the actual state of the pattern approvals of therapy level dosimeters, the experiences gained and the results of the verifications until November 1st, 1985. The appendix contains a survey of the patterns of therapy level dosimeters accepted up to now and their complementary devices.

[Postoperative recurrent gastroduodenal ulcer: pathogenesis--reinterventions--results]. / Das postoperative gastroduodenale Rezidivulcus: Pathogenese--Reinterventionen--Ergebnisse.

High 10-year recurrence rates following proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV) for pyloric/prepyloric ulcer (31.6%, European trial) result from antral stasis (Dragstedt-mechanism). Additional pyloroplasty reduces the recurrence rate to 16.6%. General causes of recurrence following PGV are primarily incomplete vagotomy and smoking: For incomplete vagotomy (Burge-test) 24.4% recurrences, for complete vagotomy 13.6% (10-year results); in smokers 38%, non-smokers 12%. Therapy is conservative in 80%. Selective gastric revagotomy and antrectomy as reoperation shows lowest recurrence rate (1.2%). The major cause of recurrence after partial gastrectomy is inadequate resection. Conservative therapy is successful in 76%. Reoperation should be transthoracic vagotomy with no mortality in 11 centers.

Study of the concentration of the herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-acetic acid in coca leaves and paste obtained from plants treated with this herbicide.

The herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-acetic acid (2,4-D) is considered to be the most cost-effective for eradicating illicit coca plants. Since coca leaves are chewed by the natives of coca producing areas, and, since coca paste and cocaine are widely abused, a study was undertaken to determine whether 2,4-D is translocated into the leaves and transferred to coca paste when coca plants are treated with this herbicide. The study concluded that basal treatment of coca plants with 2,4-D ester resulted in translocation of 2,4-D into the leaves, and this herbicide was detected in high concentrations one week after treatment. Coca paste prepared from leaves obtained from basally treated plants did not contain 2,4-D. Foliage spraying resulted in extremely high concentrations of 2,4-D in the leaves, with significantly high concentrations of the herbicide found one week after spraying. Trace amounts of 2,4-D were detected in coca paste prepared from plants sprayed by the foliage method.

High pressure liquid chromatographic determination of the five major alkaloids in Papaver somniferum L. and thebaine in Papaver bracteatum Lindl. capsular tissue.

A high pressure liquid chromatographic isocratic procedure is described for determining and quantitating the 5 major alkaloids narcotine, papaverine, thebaine, codeine, and morphine in Papaver somniferum L. and thebaine in Papaver bracteatum Lindl. Other papaveraceous alkaloids, including salutaridine, oripavine, laudanosine, isothebaine, cryptopine, alpinigenine, narceine, protopine, and gnoscopine, were also quantitated. The values for morphine, codeine, and thebaine in P. somniferum were in agreement within 5--9% with values obtained by the United Nations Narcotics Laboratory by other methods. In contrast to previously reported procedures, the advantage of this method is that no precolumn or other purification other than solvent extraction of the capsular tissue is necessary. Isocratic chromatography alone on a single column resolved the 5 major alkaloids.

[Proximal selective vagotomy: results of a prospective study (author's transl)]. / Proximale selektive Vagotomie. Resultate einer prospektiven Studie.

In 728 patients operated on because of gastroduodenal ulcers there were early complications in 7.6% and a lethality of 0.13%. Primary drainage operation was performed in 9.5%, secondary drainage in 0.9%. One year after operation, reduction of BAO was 60% and of PAO 50%, in cases of recurrence only 35 and 30%. Postoperative recurrence of duodenal ulcer was seen in 3.1% after one year and in 5.5% after two years. Recurrence of gastric ulcer became apparent in 9.3% after one year and in 3.4% after two years. Reoperation for recurrence was performed in 1.3%.

[Selective proximal vagotomy (SPV). Experience and technic using the LDS device]. / Selektive proximale Vagotomie (SPV). Erfahrungen und Technik mit dem LDS-Gerät.

In the period between January 1974 and 1977, a total of 358 selective proximal vagotomies were performed in patients with gastroduodenal ulcers avoiding pyloroplasty if possible. This report is concerned with intra- and postoperative experience with Burge's operating technique, incorporating LDS instruments from the USSC. The use of the instrument in preparing the proximal stomach is discussed. The instrument is recommended for reducing the time needed for emergency and simultaneous operations and for performing vagotomy in high risk patients.