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1.
Front Nutr ; 11: 1325099, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38371504

RESUMO

Dietary intakes of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (O3LC-PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid are central to development and health across the life course. O3LC-PUFAs have been linked to neurological development, maternal and child health and the etiology of certain non-communicable diseases including age-related cognitive decline, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. However, dietary inadequacies exist in the United Kingdom and on a wider global scale. One predominant dietary source of O3LC-PUFAs is fish and fish oils. However, growing concerns about overfishing, oceanic contaminants such as dioxins and microplastics and the trend towards plant-based diets appear to be acting as cumulative barriers to O3LC-PUFAs from these food sources. Microalgae are an alternative provider of O3LC-PUFA-rich oils. The delivery of these into food systems is gaining interest. The present narrative review aims to discuss the present barriers to obtaining suitable levels of O3LC-PUFAs for health and wellbeing. It then discusses potential ways forward focusing on innovative delivery methods to utilize O3LC-PUFA-rich oils including the use of fortification strategies, bioengineered plants, microencapsulation, and microalgae.

2.
Health Mark Q ; 39(2): 119-134, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34436972

RESUMO

We aimed to (a) better understand Americans' awareness and attitudes towards the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) from 2005-2015; (b) identify how the public obtains that knowledge, (c) measure their willingness to make healthy changes; and (d) identify important contextual factors that impact knowledge of DGA and nutrition. Quantitative survey data from nationally-representative online panel samples indicate the already low awareness of DGA declined over the last decade. This study fills a gap in the literature and can help guide communication strategies employed by the DGA governing bodies (USDA and HHS), including a consistent brand image incorporating updates over time.


Assuntos
Política Nutricional , Verduras , Dieta , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Estados Unidos
3.
Accid Anal Prev ; 126: 43-46, 2019 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28987265

RESUMO

Hospitals are around-the-clock operations and nurses are required to care for patients night and day. The nursing shortage and desire for a more balanced work-to-home life has popularized 12-h shifts for nurses. The present study investigated sleep/wake cycles and fatigue levels in 22 nurses working 12-h shifts, comparing day versus night shifts. Nurses (11day shift and 11 night shift) were recruited from a suburban acute-care medical center. Participants wore a wrist activity monitor and kept a diary to track their sleep/wake cycles for 2 weeks. They also completed a fatigue test battery, which included the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS), at the beginning, middle and end of 4 duty shifts. Daily sleep duration was 7.1h on average. No overall difference in mean daily sleep duration was found between nurses working day shifts versus night shifts. Objective performance on the PVT remained relatively good and stable at the start, middle, and end of duty shifts in day shift workers, but gradually degraded across duty time in night shift workers. Compared to day shift workers, night shift workers also exhibited more performance variability among measurement days and between participants at each testing time point. The same pattern was observed for subjective sleepiness on the KSS. However, congruence between objective and subjective measures of fatigue was poor. Our findings suggest a need for organizations to evaluate practices and policies to mitigate the inevitable fatigue that occurs during long night shifts, in order to improve patient and healthcare worker safety. Examination of alternative shift lengths or sanctioned workplace napping may be strategies to consider.


Assuntos
Fadiga/diagnóstico , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Sonolência , Vigília/fisiologia , Tolerância ao Trabalho Programado , Adulto , Fadiga/terapia , Feminino , Hospitais Comunitários , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Admissão e Escalonamento de Pessoal , Transtornos do Sono do Ritmo Circadiano/diagnóstico
4.
Chronobiol Int ; 35(6): 849-852, 2018 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29737881

RESUMO

This study assessed sleep quality, sleepiness and use of workplace break opportunities in 1285 health-care workers via an online questionnaire. Two hospitals were surveyed - one with and one without a fatigue mitigation policy. Across all respondents, 68.9% reported generally taking breaks of at least 30 min and 21.7% had access to a quiet place to rest, with no significant differences between hospitals. The presence of a fatigue mitigation policy was not associated with reduced sleepiness. However, accounting for hospital and shift characteristics, employees with access to a quiet place to rest while on break had significantly lower self-reported sleepiness scores.


Assuntos
Ritmo Circadiano/fisiologia , Sonolência , Vigília/fisiologia , Local de Trabalho/psicologia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hospitais/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sono/fisiologia , Transtornos do Sono do Ritmo Circadiano/fisiopatologia , Estados Unidos , Tolerância ao Trabalho Programado
5.
Am J Crit Care ; 23(6): 486-93, 2014 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25362672

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Measurement of mixed venous oxygen saturation helps determine whether cardiac output and oxygen delivery are sufficient for metabolic needs. As recommended by the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses guideline, blood samples for determining mixed venous oxygen saturation are obtained by slowly, in 1 to 2 minutes, withdrawing 1.5 mL of blood from the distal port of the pulmonary artery catheter. In theory, the negative force of rapid withdrawal could pull oxygenated blood from the pulmonary capillary bed, causing falsely elevated saturation values. OBJECTIVE: To determine if the speed of withdrawal affects oxygen content in blood samples used to measure mixed venous oxygen saturation. METHODS: The sample consisted of heart failure patients with pulmonary artery catheters admitted to a cardiac intensive care unit. A prospective, randomized, 2 × 2 crossover design was used to compare mixed venous oxygen saturation in blood samples obtained quickly or slowly. A total of 50 sets of saturation values were analyzed. Each set included 1 blood sample obtained slowly, in 1 to 2 minutes, and 1 obtained rapidly, in 5 seconds. RESULTS: The mean difference in saturation values between the fast and the slow groups was -0.3 (CI, -1.5 to 0.8; P = .55), indicating that no meaningful systematic bias is attributable to fast withdrawal of blood. CONCLUSIONS: Rapid blood sampling does not falsely elevate measurements of mixed venous oxygen saturation.


Assuntos
Enfermagem de Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Insuficiência Cardíaca/sangue , Oxigênio/sangue , Flebotomia/métodos , Gasometria , Débito Cardíaco , Cateterismo de Swan-Ganz/métodos , Estudos Cross-Over , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oximetria/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fatores de Tempo
6.
Nurs Health Sci ; 16(1): 3-10, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23663318

RESUMO

Professional quality of life among healthcare providers can impact the quality and safety of patient care. The purpose of this research was to investigate compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue levels as measured by the Professional Quality of Life Scale self-report instrument in a community hospital in the United States. A cross-sectional survey study examined differences among 139 RNs, physicians, and nursing assistants. Relationships among individual and organizational variables were explored. Caregivers for critical patients scored significantly lower on the Professional Quality of Life subscale of burnout when compared with those working in a noncritical care unit. Linear regression results indicate that high sleep levels and employment in critical care areas are associated with less burnout. Identification of predictors can be used to design interventions that address modifiable risks.


Assuntos
Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Empatia , Satisfação no Emprego , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Cuidadores/psicologia , Competência Clínica/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Noroeste dos Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Relações Enfermeiro-Paciente , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/estatística & dados numéricos , Relações Profissional-Paciente , Autorrelato , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Transtornos de Estresse Traumático/epidemiologia , Transtornos de Estresse Traumático/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Tolerância ao Trabalho Programado , Carga de Trabalho , Adulto Jovem
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