External application of hypertonic salt solution for treatment of posttraumatic oedema.

In 20 New Zealand rabbits (two groups of 10 rabbits each), hind limb circumference and anterior compartment pressure were measured following ketamin anaesthesia (time zero). During the same anaesthesia, closed transverse proximal tibial shaft fractures were created in both groups. Twenty-four hours after the fractures, during a second anaesthesia, limb circumference and compartment pressure were measured as before, and fractured limbs were fixed to the rabbits' bodies. At the same time, treatment was started: one group received external application of saturated salt solution and the other group received intermittent ice application. During 48 hours of treatment (from 24 to 72 hours) in the saturated salt solution group, the mean limb circumference decreased from 125.70 +/- 9.93 mm to 115.70 +/- 8.78 mm (p = 0.005) and the mean compartment pressure decreased from 18.30 +/- 1.70 mmHg to 12.40 +/- 1.77 mmHg (p = 0.005). In the control group, the mean limb circumference decreased from 127.85 +/- 7.47 mm to 122.00 +/- 6.83 mm (not significant) and the mean compartment pressure decreased from 19.57 +/- 1.27 mmHg to 17.85 +/- 2.67 mmHg (not significant). In short, differences in compartment pressure and limb circumference before and after treatment were statistically significant in the saturated salt solution group (p = 0.005) but not in the control group.

Accessory soleus muscle.

Accessory soleus muscle is an uncommon anatomical variant that may present as a soft-tissue mass in the posteromedial region of the ankle. It is congenital in origin but usually presents in the second or third decade of life. Although it is a rare entity, accessory soleus muscle should be included in the differential diagnosis of soft-tissue swelling of the ankle. Awareness of the clinical presentation and specific findings of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and electromyography help with diagnosis without surgical exploration. We describe a 30-year-old patient with accessory soleus muscle. Magnetic resonance imaging features of the case are described, and the literature is briefly reviewed.

Intraosseous malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with local recurrence, lung metastases and death.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is almost always seen in soft tissue. Skeletal involvement by MPNST is uncommon and usually results from secondary invasion. Primary MPNSTs are exceptionally rare. We report a surgically proven case of intraosseous MPNST, with local recurrence and lung metastasis during follow-up. The imaging and histological features of the case are described and the literature on the subject briefly reviewed.

Clavicular osteoma associated with bronchial osteomas.

Osteoma is a rare benign tumor, composed of bony tissues. It predominantly involves the skull but rarely the long bones. In this report we present a case of clavicular osteoma associated with bronchial osteomas. This association has not previously been reported. There was no evidence of Gardner's syndrome.

Desmoplastic fibroma of bone: case report.

Desmoplastic fibroma of bone is an exceedingly rare tumor that was first described by Jaffe in 1958 [1]. It has a high incidence of local recurrence after surgical resection. It is usually seen in young patients and involves mandible and long bones. It has histological resemblance to the desmoid tumor of the abdominal wall. We report a surgically proven case of desmoplastic fibroma of bone with local aggressiveness and recurrence during follow-up. The radiograph, CT imaging features, radiological and pathological differential diagnosis of the case are described, and literature is briefly reviewed.