[Causes of the people death from drunkenness and alcoholism].

We analyzed causes of 1008 people death, who abused by alcohol. Among them 2 groups were separated out: people died due to drunkenness and due to alcoholism. The structure of the death was similar in the both groups, however depended on alcoholism stages. The major cause of the death in group of drunkenness people was acute heart insufficiency, less commonly--lung pathology, and very rarely--brain vessels pathology and liver cirrhosis. In group of people, who died due to alcoholism, lung pathology was the major cause of these deaths, acute heart insufficiency was occurred less commonly, and very rare brain pathology because of delirium tremens or alcohol withdrawal syndrome, as so liver cirrhosis with complications. Hemorrhagic pancreonecrosis after alcoholic excess was found out in both groups, but it was more often in people, who died due to drunkenness. Obtained results show importance of chronic alcoholism identification as a disease with several stages including drunkenness and alcoholism.

[Electrosurgical technologies in hemorrhoidectomy].

Based on experience in the treatment of 156 patients with chronic haemorrhoids, a comparative study of clinical efficiency of electrosurgical techniques in hemorrhoidectomy was carried out. Device-controlled bipolar electrocoagulation is characterized by less invasiveness compared with electrosurgical closed hemorrhoidectomy. Device-controlled bipolar electrocoagulation provides better repair and treatment of wound inflammation, shorter wound healing. Long-term results of device-controlled bipolar electrocoagulation were followed-up for 12 months; a high level of life quality was achieved.

[Pathologic anatomy of hard drinking and alcoholism]. / Patologicheskaia anatomiia p'ianstva i alkogolizma.

The analysis of 826 autopsies is presented. 654 persons in their life abused alcohol but refused treatment; they were considered as hard drinkers. 172 persons were repeatedly treated for alcoholism and were included into the group of alcoholics. The control group consisted of persons who had not abused alcohol. Morphological and morphometric methods were used. It is shown that chronic alcoholic intoxication involves all internal organs with the same trend in pathological processes in hard drinkers and alcoholics. There was progressing alteration of microcirculatory bed, fat degeneration of parenchymatous organs, atrophic and sclerotic processes, primarily in the liver, lungs, heart and brain. While in hard drinking pathological processes can be considered reversible and well compensated, in alcoholism the degree of organ damage makes these lesions irreversible. It is suggested that less severe organ damage in hard drinking is due to the effect of ethanol while grave atrophic and sclerotic processes as well as psychic dependence on alcohol are due to acetaldehyde. The key point in alcohol abuse is hard drinking (or preclinical stage of alcoholism) as there is neither psychic no physical dependence on alcohol and organ alterations are reversible under adequate treatment. The treatment should be performed first of all of the liver to enhance its basal metabolism.

[Endocrine glands in alcohol drinkers and patient with alcoholism]. / Zhelezy vnutrennei sekretsii pri p'ianstve i alkogolizme.

Chronic alcoholic intoxication results in atrophic and sclerotic changes of the endocrine glands, as was demonstrated by 225 autopsies of subjects who suffered from heavy drinking (165 cases) and alcoholism (60 cases). Morphometry and statistical data processing showed that alcoholism leads to irreversible changes, while heavy drinking causes changes that are reversible and compensated. The testes and ovaries are the most sensitive to ethanol and acetaldehyde, while the adrenals are the least sensitive. The pancreas retains its function for a long time despite pronounced changes.

[Effects of androgens and gestagens on uterine myoma]. / Vliianie androgenov i gestagenov na miomu matki.

One hundred and sixty resected intramural myomas have been examined in 78 women with an intact menstrual cycle: 61 nodes from 31 patients of 37 to 57 years without a history of hormonal treatment, 52 nodes from 26 patients of 39 to 57 years with a history of androgen treatment and 47 nodes from 21 women of 30 to 50 years with a history of gestagen treatment. The histologic, histochemical, morphometric and biochemical studies showed that androgen and gestagen treatment stabilized and diminished the myomas, promoted secondary changes in the nodes and caused a statistically significant activation of sclerotic processes. Therapeutic effects of androgens were superior to those of gestagens.