The properties of gamma-radiation and high-energy neutron fluxes in "MIR" station orbit.

The study of radiation background components in the near-Earth space is very important for different branches of space research, in particular for space dosimetry and for the planning of gamma-astronomy experiments. Detailed information on the neutral components (gamma-quanta, neutrons) of background radiation was obtained during the Grif-1 experiment onboard Mir orbital station (OS). The measurements of fluxes of 0.05-50 MeV gamma-quanta and >30 MeV neutrons with a large area instrument (approximately 250 cm2 for gamma-quanta, approximately 30 cm2 for neutrons) as well as corresponding charged particle measurements (0.4-1.5 MeV electrons, 1-200 MeV protons) were made during this experiment. The background components induced by the station's own radiation as well as the albedo gamma-rays from the Earth's atmosphere were revealed as the result of data analysis for about 600 h of observation. A mathematical model describing the latitude and energy dependences of atmospheric albedo gamma-rays as well as of those of gamma-quanta produced in the material of the station due to cosmic ray interactions was developed. An analytical approximation of the spectrum of induced gamma-rays from radioactive isotopes stored in the station and instrument's materials is presented. The dynamics of gamma-quantum background fluxes during the geomagnetic disturbances of January 10-11, 1997 are discussed. An analytical representation of the latitude dependence of the integral flux of neutrons with >30 MeV is given.

[The effect of the treatment of skin wounds in rats with hydrolytic enzymes on the synthetic activity of the epidermocytes]. / Vliianie obrabotki kozhnykh ran u krys gidroliticheskimi fermentami na sinteticheskuiu aktivnost' épidermotsitov.

Epidermis cells synthetic activity was studied by a luminescent microscopy method. Different conditions of skin wound healing in intrascapular region were investigated on 84 rats-males. Daily effect of 0.2% trypsin or 0.1% ronidase solution on the healing surface for 20 min has been shown to increase basal layer cells synthetic activity of forming epidermis in comparison with control. However, maximum raise of epidermis cells functional activity after ronidase influence was observed already on the 4th day, while after trypsin action--only on the 7th. Epithelial cells synthetic activity decreases several days before total skin defect epithelialization. In all experiments their activity stabilizes not less than one month after the operation. We have come to a conclusion that the mechanism of healing acceleration due to proteolytic enzymes depends on basal layer cells synthetic activity of forming epithelium.

[The effect of the conditions for connective tissue formation during posttraumatic skin regeneration in rats on the adhesive properties of the epidermal cells]. / Vliianie uslovii formirovaniia soedinitel'noi tkani v protsesse posttravmaticheskoi regeneratsii kozhi u krys na adgezivnye svoistva kletok épidermisa.

A cicatrix formed in the process of posttraumatic skin regeneration is characterized by a higher cell adhesion power in the upper, and, especially, in the middle epidermis stratum. The cell adhesion power indices in these strata, and cell mitotic activity of basal epidermis stratum near the cicatrix depend on conditions of connective tissue formation in the wound defect. The effect of physiological solution and trypsin on the wound process results in a moderate rising of intercellular contact strength and in decreasing in the number of dividing basal stratum cells, while addition of ronidase solution results in a sharp rising of the corneous scale adhesion strength, and in establishing the straight correlation between this index and the speed of epidermocyte production.

[Correlations between lysosomal enzymes and cyclic nucleotides during allergies in children]. / Korreliatsionnye vzaimootnosheniia lizosomnykh fermentov i tsiklicheskikh nukleotidov pri allergicheskikh zabolevaniiakh u detei.

Correlation between activity of beta-galactosidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and content of cAMP and cGMP was studied in lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes obtained from 20 children with atopic form of bronchial asthma and 9 patients with dermorespiratory syndrome. Activity of the lysosomal hydrolases studied correlated distinctly with the content of cyclic nucleotides in the leukocytes and lymphocytes of children with bronchial asthma and dermorespiratory syndrome. The most distinct relationship was found between the eosinophilia, the enzymatic activity and the cGMP content in lymphocytes and neutrophils under conditions of dermorespiratory syndrome. The data obtained suggest the dissimilarity of regulatory effects of cyclic nucleotides on functional activity of lysosomes in leukocytes of children with atopic form of bronchial asthma and dermorespiratory syndrome.