Epidermólisis bullosa en España: Estudio observacional de una cohorte de pacientes atendidos en un centro de referencia nacional / Epidermolysis Bullosa in Spain: Observational Study of a Cohort of Patients Treated in a National Referral Center

Antecedentes y objetivo La epidermólisis bullosa (EB) es un grupo heterogéneo de trastornos hereditarios caracterizado por un aumento de la fragilidad mucocutánea. El objetivo del presente estudio es describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con EB atendidos en el Hospital Universitario La Paz, centro de referencia nacional para EB hereditaria. Material y método Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y unicéntrico. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes con diagnóstico clínico y molecular de EB atendidos en el Servicio de Dermatología del Hospital Universitario La Paz desde el 1 de enero de 2000 hasta el 28 de febrero de 2021. Resultados Se registraron 214 pacientes, con una edad mediana de 17 años (RIQ: 8-32); el 54,2% fueron mujeres. Las formas clínicas correspondieron a EB distrófica con 135 (63,1%) casos, EB simple con 67 (31,3%) casos, EB juntural con ocho (3,7%), EB Kindler con tres (1,4%) casos y EB adquirida con un (0,5%) caso. El 35,5% de los pacientes procedían de Madrid. Las complicaciones clínicas más frecuentes en nuestra serie fueron el prurito (63,1%), las infecciones locales (56,5%) y el dolor (54,7%). Las complicaciones más graves fueron las cardíacas (5,6%) y la aparición de CCE (10,3%). Fallecieron 22 pacientes (10,3%). Conclusiones La forma clínica predominante fue la EBDR. Las complicaciones más prevalentes fueron el prurito, el dolor y las infecciones, y las más graves, la miocardiopatía y el CCE. Es un estudio pionero realizado en nuestro país que permitirá implementar estrategias para mejorar la situación sociosanitaria de los pacientes con EB (AU)

Background and objective Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by a high degree of mucocutaneous fragility. This study aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of patients with EB treated in Hospital Universitario La Paz, a national referral center for inherited EB. Material and methods Observational, retrospective, single-center study. We included all cases with a clinical and molecular diagnosis of EB managed in the hospital's dermatology department from January 2, 2000, to February 28, 2021. Results A total of 214 cases were studied. The median (interquartile range) age was 17 (8–32) years; 54.2% were women. One hundred thirty-five (63.1%) patients had dystrophic EB, 67 (31.3%) had EB simplex, 8 (3.7%) had junctional EB, and 3 (1.4%) had Kindler syndrome. One (0.5%) had EB acquisita. Over a third (35.5%) of the patients resided in Madrid. The most common clinical complications were pruritus (63.1%), local infections (56.5%), and pain (54.7%). The most serious ones were cardiomyopathy (in 5.6%) and squamous cell carcinoma (10.3%). Twenty-two patients (10.3%) died. Conclusions Dystrophic EB was the most prevalent clinical form. The most prevalent complications were pruritus, pain, and infections. The most serious ones were cardiomyopathy and squamous cell carcinoma. This study is the first in Spain that explores strategies for improving the health status and quality of life of patients with EB (AU)

Epidermolysis Bullosa in Spain: Observational Study of a Cohort of Patients Treated in a National Referral Center. / Epidermólisis bullosa en España: Estudio observacional de una cohorte de pacientes atendidos en un centro de referencia nacional.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by a high degree of mucocutaneous fragility. This study aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of patients with EB treated in Hospital Universitario La Paz, a national referral center for inherited EB. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational, retrospective, single-center study. We included all cases with a clinical and molecular diagnosis of EB managed in the hospital's dermatology department from January 2, 2000, to February 28, 2021. RESULTS: A total of 214 cases were studied. The median (interquartile range) age was 17 (8-32) years; 54.2% were women. One hundred thirty-five (63.1%) patients had dystrophic EB, 67 (31.3%) had EB simplex, 8 (3.7%) had junctional EB, and 3 (1.4%) had Kindler syndrome. One (0.5%) had EB acquisita. Over a third (35.5%) of the patients resided in Madrid. The most common clinical complications were pruritus (63.1%), local infections (56.5%), and pain (54.7%). The most serious ones were cardiomyopathy (in 5.6%) and squamous cell carcinoma (10.3%). Twenty-two patients (10.3%) died. CONCLUSIONS: Dystrophic EB was the most prevalent clinical form. The most prevalent complications were pruritus, pain, and infections. The most serious ones were cardiomyopathy and squamous cell carcinoma. This study is the first in Spain that explores strategies for improving the health status and quality of life of patients with EB.