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1.
Arch. venez. pueric. pediatr ; 78(1): 13-17, mar. 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-772672

RESUMO

La trisomía 21 o síndrome de Down (SD) es la causa más frecuente de retardo mental de origen cromosómico, asociada con disfunción tiroidea (DT) y obesidad como problema de salud pública. El hipotiroidismo es la forma más común de DT asociada con SD, con prevalencia cercana a 50%. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de disfunción de tiroidea y aspectos relacionados con el estado nutricional de niños y adolescentes con SD. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo y transversal, en 17 niños con SD (11,5 ± 3,0 años), seleccionados aleatoriamente. El estudio empleo evaluación antropométrica, entrevista dietética con recordatorio de 72 horas y determinación de hormonas tiroideas. El análisis estadístico requirió SPSS 17, con 95% IC, p <0,05. Resultados: Individuos con SD presentaron sobrepeso en 47,1% (n=8). Se observó hipotiroidismo subclínico en 71,4% (n=10), mientras que 28,6% (n=4) mostraron hipotiroidismo clínico. El consumo de yodo (53,4 ± 12,0 vs 130,5 ± 18,1; p<0,05), fenilalanina (0,1 ± 0,0 vs 2,3 ± 0,5; p<0,05) y tirosina (0,1 ± 0,0 vs 2,3 ± 0,5; p<0,05) fue bajo comparado con la media de requerimientos para estos nutrientes tiroideos en niños y adolescentes con SD. El consumo de yodo y concentraciones de T4 (r=0,512; p<0,03) mostraron correlación positiva; asimismo, el consumo de fenilalanina y tirosina (r=0,803; p<0,001). Conclusiones: Los trastornos de organificación de hormonas tiroideas en SD no justifican la DT. Se sugiere suplementación nutricional en etapas precoces de la vida, facilitando un estado eutiroideo que propicie el desarrollo físico y cognitivo en individuos con SD. Palabras clave: Síndrome de Down, disfunción tiroidea, nutrición, niños, adolescentes.


Trisomy 21 or Down Syndrome (DS) is the most common cause of mental retardation with chromosomal origin, associated with thyroid dysfunction (TD) and obesity as a public health problem. Hypothyroidism is the most common form of TD associated with DS, with nearly 50% prevalence. Objective: To determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and aspects related to the nutritional status of children and adolescents with DS. Methods: A prospective and cross-sectional study in 17 children with DS (11.5 ± 3.0 years) were randomly selected. The study anthropometric, dietary interview with 72 hours and determination of thyroid hormones was realized. The required statistical analysis SPSS 17 with 95% CI, p <0.05. Results: Individuals with DS were overweight in 47.1% (n = 8). Subclinical hypothyroidism was observed in 71.4% (n = 10), while 28.6% (n = 4) showed clinical hypothyroidism. The consumption of iodine (53.4 ± 12.0 vs 130.5 ± 18.1; p <0.05), phenylalanine (0.1 ± 0, 0 vs 2.3 ± 0.5; p <0.05) and tyrosine (0.1 ± 0.0 vs 2.3 ± 0.5; p <0.05) was low compared to the average requirement for these thyroid nutrients in children and adolescents with DS. Consumption of iodine and T4 concentrations (r = 0.512; p <0.03) showed positive correlation; Also, consumption of phenylalanine and tyrosine (r = 0.803; p <0.001). Conclusions: Organification disorders of thyroid hormones in DS does not justify the TD. Nutritional supplementation of thyroid nutrients providing a euthyroid condition that improves physical and cognitive development in individuals with DS is suggested.

2.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 141(8): 325-331, oct. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-116304

RESUMO

Fundamento y objetivo: Diversos polimorfismos del gen de la resistina (RETN) se han asociado con alteraciones metabólicas. En este estudio se evaluó la asociación entre el polimorfismo 3’UTR +62G>A del genRETN y elementos del síndrome metabólico. Sujetos y método: La población de estudio (n = 218) fue distribuida en 3 grupos: control, sin alteraciones metabólicas (n = 77); AMnS, con alteraciones metabólicas aisladas (n = 94); y SM, con síndrome metabólico (n = 47). El polimorfismo 3’UTR +62G>A se analizó por PCR-RFLP. Resultados: La obesidad central fue la alteración más frecuentemente descrita tanto en el grupo AMnS (56,4%) como en el SM (91,5%), seguida de bajos niveles de colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de alta densidad (colesterol HDL) (42,6%) en el grupo AMnS e hipertensión arterial (85%) en el grupo SM. La frecuencia del genotipo +62G/A para la población fue del 20,2%. El genotipo G/A fue más frecuente en los grupos SM (38,3%) y AMnS (17%) que en el grupo control (13%). La distribución alélica fue significativamente diferente entre grupos control (+62G = 0,94, +62A = 0,06) y SM (+62G = 0,81, +62A = 0,19) (p = 0,0001). Se encontró asociación significativa entre el genotipo G/A y valores elevados de circunferencia abdominal (p = 0,047), glucemia basal (p = 0,02) y presión arterial sistólica (p = 0,003). Conclusión: Los resultados sugieren una asociación del genotipo RETN +62G/A con valores elevados de presión arterial sistólica, hiperglucemia y obesidad central. La asociación con estas alteraciones parece ser independiente de posibles efectos de agrupación en el contexto de síndrome metabólico (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Resistina/análise , Síndrome Metabólica/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Metabólicas/genética , Técnicas de Genotipagem , Hiperglicemia/genética , Obesidade Abdominal/genética
3.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 141(8): 325-31, 2013 Oct 19.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23103106

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The polymorphism of the resistin gene (RETN/RSTN) has been associated with metabolic alterations. In this study the association between the 3'UTR +62G>A polymorphism and metabolic syndrome components was evaluated. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The population (n=218) was distributed in 3 groups: the control group with no metabolic alterations (n=77), nSMA group with isolated metabolic alterations (n=94) and MS group with metabolic syndrome (n=47). The 3'UTR +62G>A polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: Central obesity was the most frequent alteration in both nSMA (56.4%) and MS (91.5%) groups followed by low c-HDL levels in the nSMA group (42.6%) and arterial hypertension in the MS group (85%). The frequency of the +62G/A genotype was 20.2% in the population. The G/A genotype was more frequently found in the MS (38.3%) and nSMA (17%) groups than in the control group (13%). The allelic distribution between the control group (+62G=0.94, +62A=0.06) and MS group (+62G=0.81, +62A=0.19) was significantly different (P=.0001). Significant associations between the G/A genotype and high values of abdominal circumference (P=.047), basal glycemia (P=.02) and systolic arterial pressure (P=.003) were found. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest the association between the G/A genotype and high values of systolic arterial pressure, basal glycemia and abdominal circumference. This association was independent of the metabolic syndrome context.


Assuntos
Regiões 3' não Traduzidas , Síndrome Metabólica/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Resistina/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Marcadores Genéticos , Genótipo , Humanos , Hipertensão/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade Abdominal/genética , Adulto Jovem
4.
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) ; 14(2): 305-14, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23250373

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at investigating the frequency of infection by Cp. psittaci and determining its genotype in individuals at potential risk of exposure to the bacteria. METHODOLOGY: The study involved 170 individuals: a risk group (n= 96) and a low-risk control group (n=74). Cp. psittaci was detected and genotyped by single-tube nested PCR and ompA gene sequencing. RESULTS: Eight (8.3 %) positive cases were detected in the risk group and 1 (1.4 %) in the control group (p<0.04). Cp. psittaci was found in 16.7 % of pigeons' fecal samples. Cp. psittaci infection with was more frequent in symptomatic (17.7 %) than asymptomatic (6.3 %) individuals in the risk group. Analysing the genomes isolated from human and bird specimens revealed the presence of genotype B. CONCLUSION: The presence of Cp. psittaci genotype B in the population being evaluated could have been attributed to zoonotic transmission from pigeons to humans, an underestimated potential public health problem in Venezuela requiring the health authorities' involvement.


Assuntos
Chlamydophila psittaci/genética , Columbidae/microbiologia , Psitacose/transmissão , Zoonoses/transmissão , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Chlamydophila psittaci/isolamento & purificação , Estudos Transversais , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Feminino , Genótipo , Técnicas de Genotipagem , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Psitacose/diagnóstico , Psitacose/epidemiologia , Psitacose/microbiologia , Risco , Saúde da População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Venezuela/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem , Zoonoses/diagnóstico , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/microbiologia
5.
Rev. venez. endocrinol. metab ; 10(2): 65-71, jun. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-659235

RESUMO

Objetivo: La frecuencia de Síndrome Metabólico (SM) en poblaciones adultas está en constante incremento en el Estado Zulia. En este estudio se determinó la frecuencia de los polimorfismos G304A exón 3 del gen UCP-3 y su asociación con los componentes del SM y composición corporal. Métodos: Se estudiaron 92 individuos (45 con diagnóstico de SM, según los criterios de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes y 47 individuos sanos). Se realizaron las determinaciones antropométricas, se tomo la presión arterial y en ayunas se cuantificaron los parámetros bioquímicos. Las versiones polimórficas fueron analizadas por PCR-RFLP. Resultados: La frecuencia genotípica de G/G y G/A fue de 84,45 y 15,55 respectivamente en el grupo con SM con una frecuencia alélica G y A de 0,92 y 0,08 respectivamente. En el grupo testigo la frecuencia genotípica de G/G y G/A fue de 97,88 y 2,12 respectivamente, con una frecuencia alélica G y A de 0,99 y 0,01. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre genotipo G/G y G/A en valores de glucosa basal (p<0,0001), tensión arterial sistólica (p<0,004), triacilgicéridos (p<0,042) en pacientes con SM y porcentaje de grasa (p<0,04). También se observó diferencias significativas en valores de porcentaje de grasa (p< 0,043), VLDL-c (p< 0,04), LDL-c (p<0,019) y triacilglicéridos en sexo femenino con SM. Conclusión: En la muestra estudiada se observó asociación aparente entre el genotipo G/A del gen UCP-3 con hiperglicemia, hipertensiòn arterial sistólica e incremento del porcentaje de grasa así como dislipidemia en el caso particular del sexo femenino.


Objectives: The frequency of metabolic syndrome (MS) in adult populations is constantly increasing in Zulia State. In this study we determined the frequency of polymorphisms G304A exon 3 of the UCP-3 gene and its association with metabolic syndrome components and body composition. Methods: The sample consisted of 92 individuals (45 with diagnosis of MS, according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federationand 47 healthy subjects). versions were analyzed by PCR-RFLP. Results: The genotype frequency of G/G and G/A was 84.45 and 15.55 respectively in the MS group with a G and A allele frequency of 0.92 and 0.08 respectively, while the genotype frequency in the control group of G/G and G/A was 97.88 and 2.12 respectively with a G and A allele frequency of 0.99 and 0.01. Significant differences were observed between genotype G/G and G/A fasting glucose values (p <0.0001), systolic blood pressure (p<0.004), triacilgicéridos (p <0.042) in patients with MS and fat percentage (p <0.04). Also observed significant differences in fat percentage values (p <0.043), VLDL-c (p <0.04), LDL-c (p <0.019) and triglycerides in females with MS. Conclusion: In the sample studied was observed apparent association between the genotype G/A UCP-3 gene with hyperglycemia, hypertension and increased systolic blood fat percentage and dyslipidemia in the particular case of female.

6.
Rev. Soc. Venez. Microbiol ; 31(1): 20-25, jun. 2011. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-631670

RESUMO

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a public health problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of curable STIs caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in female sex workers in a population from Zulia State, Venezuela. Seventy eight (78) women attended a health monitoring sanitary controls were evaluated, and PCR amplification assays were used to detect the three microorganisms in endocervical samples. In 33.3% of the samples, at least one microorganism was detected: U. urealyticum was found more frequently (25.6%), followed by N. gonorrhoeae (18%), and C. trachomatis (12.8%). A significant association between N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis was found (p <0.0001). STIs cases represented 42.9% and 28% for symptomatic and asymptomatic groups, respectively. In the symptomatic group, N. gonorrhoeae was 2.4 times (28.6%) more frequent than in the asymptomatic one (12%) (p=0.015), particularly associated with mucopurulent discharge (p=0.025). No association was found between C. trachomatis (p=0.078), and U. urealyticum (p=0.432) with clinical manifestations. Prevalence of curable STIs in the study population was relatively low compared with other high-risk populations worldwide. The results support the possible association between C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae, therefore, treatment would be indicated against both pathogens when one of them is detected in vulnerable populations.


Las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) representan un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la prevalencia de ITS curables causadas por Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis y Ureaplasma urealyticum en trabajadoras sexuales de una población del estado Zulia, Venezuela. Se evaluaron 78 mujeres que asistieron a jornadas de control sanitario y se utilizaron ensayos de amplificación por PCR para detectar los tres microorganismos en muestras endocervicales. En 33,3% de las muestras, se detectó al menos un microorganismo: U. urealyticum fue encontrado con mayor frecuencia (25,6%), seguido de N. gonorrhoeae (18%) y C. trachomatis (12,8%). Se encontró asociación significativa entre N. gonorrhoeae y C. trachomatis (p<0,0001). Los casos de ITS representaron porcentajes de 42% y 28% para los grupos sintomático y asintomático, respectivamente. N. gonorrhoeae fue 2,4 veces más frecuente en el grupo sintomático (28,6%) que en el asintomático (12%) (p=0,015), particularmente asociado con secreción mucopurulenta (p=0,025). No se encontró asociación entre C. trachomatis (p=0,078) y U. urealyticum (p=0,432) con manifestaciones clínicas. La prevalencia de ITS de la población en estudio fue relativamente baja comparada con otras poblaciones de alto riesgo a nivel mundial. Los resultados apoyan la posible asociación entre C. trachomatis y N. gonorrhoeae, por lo tanto se debería considerar el tratamiento contra ambos patógenos, cuando uno de ellos sea detectado en poblaciones vulnerables.

7.
Am J Ther ; 17(3): 330-6, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20019593

RESUMO

Apoliprotein (Apo) E gene polymorphisms have been associated with high plasma lipids levels and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine allelic and genotypic frequencies and to evaluate the associations of polymorphisms with hypercholesterolemic phenotypes in a patient population in Maracaibo, Zulia State. Two hundred and twenty-one patients with ages between 9 and 78 years old attending the Endocrine-Metabolic Center at the University of Zulia, Zulia, Venezuela, were recruited. The lipid profile was determined by enzymatic methods. ApoE polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. One hundred and thirty-three dyslipidemic and 88 patients with normal lipids profile were evaluated. The higher proportion of patients corresponded to hypercholesterolemia isolated (46.61%), followed by hypercholesterolemia combined with hypertriglyceridemia and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (21.8%). ApoE epsilon3 allele was the most frequent in the evaluated population (0.80), both in the control group (0.78) and in the dyslipidemic group (0.82), followed by the epsilon4 allele (0.12) for both groups and the epsilon2 allele with values of 0.10 and 0.06, for control and dyslipidemic group, respectively. The epsilon3epsilon3 and epsilon3epsilon4 genotypes were the most frequent in the population, with values of 62.89% and 22.17%, respectively. The genotype frequencies were 57.95% and 66.17% for epsilon3epsilon3; 23.86% and 21.05% for epsilon3epsilon4 in nondyslipidémicos and dyslipidemic patient groups, respectively. The epsilon4epsilon4 genotype was observed only in hypercholesterolemic patients. The homozygote epsilon2epsilon2 and heterozygote epsilon2epsilon3 genotypes were more frequent at the normal lipids profile group, consistent with diverse reports that indicate the association of the epsilon4 allele with elevated cholesterol levels and low cholesterol levels when the epsilon2 allele is present. ApoE polymorphism seems to be associated with variance in serum lipids levels in the population evaluated.


Assuntos
Apolipoproteína E2/genética , Apolipoproteína E3/genética , Apolipoproteína E4/genética , Hipercolesterolemia/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Alelos , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fenótipo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo Genético , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Venezuela/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
8.
Rev. salud pública ; 14(2): 305-314, 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-659920

RESUMO

Objective This study was aimed at investigating the frequency of infection by Cp. psittaci and determining its genotype in individuals at potential risk of exposure to the bacteria. Methodology The study involved 170 individuals: a risk group (n= 96) and a low-risk control group (n=74). Cp. psittaci was detected and genotyped by single-tube nested PCR and ompA gene sequencing. Results Eight (8.3 %) positive cases were detected in the risk group and 1 (1.4 %) in the control group (p<0.04). Cp. psittaci was found in 16.7 % of pigeons' fecal samples. Cp. psittaci infection with was more frequent in symptomatic (17.7 %) than asymptomatic (6.3 %) individuals in the risk group. Analysing the genomes isolated from human and bird specimens revealed the presence of genotype B. Conclusion The presence of Cp. psittaci genotype B in the population being evaluated could have been attributed to zoonotic transmission from pigeons to humans, an underestimated potential public health problem in Venezuela requiring the health authorities' involvement.


Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la frecuencia de infecciones por Cp. psittaci y determinar su genotipo en individuos con potencial riesgo de exposición a la bacteria. Metodología Se incluyeron 170 individuos, un grupo de riesgo (n=96) y un grupo control (n=74). La detección y genotipificación de Cp. psittaci se llevó a cabo por PCR anidada y secuenciación del gen ompA. Resultados Se detectaron ocho (8,3 %) casos positivos en el grupo de riesgo y 1 (1,35 %) en el grupo control (p<0,04). Cp. psittaci fue detectada en 16,7 % muestras fecales de palomas. En el grupo de riesgo, la frecuencia de infección por Cp. psittaci fue 17,7 % en individuos sintomáticos y 6,3% en asintomáticos. El análisis de los genomas aislados de muestras humanas y aves, revelaron la presencia del genotipo B. Conclusión La presencia de Cp. psittaci genotipo B en la población evaluada podría ser atribuida a transmisión zoonótica de palomas a humanos, un potencial problema de salud pública en nuestra región que requiere la intervención de autoridades sanitarias.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Chlamydophila psittaci/genética , Columbidae/microbiologia , Psitacose/transmissão , Zoonoses/transmissão , Chlamydophila psittaci/isolamento & purificação , Estudos Transversais , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Genótipo , Técnicas de Genotipagem , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Psitacose/diagnóstico , Psitacose/epidemiologia , Psitacose/microbiologia , Risco , Saúde da População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Venezuela/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/diagnóstico , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/microbiologia
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