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2.
Rev. patol. respir ; 10(1): 11-15, ene.-mar. 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-65687

RESUMO

Estudios previos sugieren que los varones y mujeres jóvenes afectados de cáncer de pulmón (CP) pueden presentar diferencias entre ambos y así mismo respecto a los pacientes de mayor edad. Hemos realizado un estudio en pacientes varones y mujeres diagnosticados de neoplasia pulmonar maligna con una edad igual o menor a 50 años, en el periodo (1998-2006). Se identificaron 19 pacientes: 7 mujeres (36%) y 12 varones (64%). La edad media de la población estudiada fue de 44 ± 3 años (45 ± 3 M y 43 ± 3 V). El principal factor de riesgo identificado en ambos grupos fue el tabaco (92% V,84% M). En ambos grupos la practica totalidad de los pacientes estaban sintomáticos en el momento del diagnóstico. El LSD fue la localización más frecuente de CP tanto en varones como en mujeres. El adenocarcinoma fue el tipo histológico más frecuentemente diagnosticado en esta población con 5 casos (26%). Por sexos en la mujer fue el adenocarcinoma (29%), epidermoide (29%), no microcítico (29%) y tumor carcinoide (13%). En el varón, y de forma similar a la mujer tampoco se registró ningún caso con CP microcitico. El CP de células grandes fue el más observado (32%), seguido por el adenocarcinoma (25%) y epidermoide (17%). Las mujeres presentaron un mayor riesgo de enfermedad avanzada (83%), respecto a los varones (50%). La población masculina con CP se benefició en mayor porcentaje del tratamientoquirúrgico respecto a lo observado en mujeres. Durante el seguimiento fallecieron 12 pacientes (63%), 3 (42%)M y9(75%)V La supervivencia global durante los nueve años del estudio fue del 24%, apreciándose una mayor supervivencia en mujeres respecto a varones sin apreciarse diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ellos


Previously studies have suggested differiences in lung cancer between gender young people and between young people among ho elderly. We realised a retrospective study between 1998-2006 in patients with less than 50 years and with the diagnostic of lung cancer. We have revised clinical history, risks factors, histology, TNM stage, treatment and surviving.We identifiqued 19 patients with the diagnosed of lung cancer: 7 female (36%) an 12 males (64%). The median age was 44 year (45 female and 43 male). Tobacco was the main risk factor (female 71% and male 92%) In the diagnostic moment patients both groups were syntomatic. In all the group of study adenocarcinoma was the most frecuent histologic type 5 patients (26%). study both groups were syntomatic. Righ upper lobe was the most frecuenthy cancer location. Adenocarcinoma(29%), squamous carcinoma (29%), non microcitic carcinoma (24%) and carcinoide (13%) were the most frecuenty in women. Grant cell squamous carcinoma (32%), adenocarcinoma (25%) and squamous carcinoma were the most frecuent in men(17). Female group have more avanced cancer disease and surgery treatment was more frecuently utilized in male group. Three female (42%) and nine male (75%) death in the follow up period, global surviving was (22%) more in women than in men.During the study 12 patients died (63%), 3 female (42%) and 9 male (75%). Global suvirving during the 9 years of the study was 24%, we aprenated a highest suvirving in women than man without statistical significance (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Fatores de Risco , Distribuição por Sexo , Distribuição por Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
Med. mil ; 62(1): 57-59, ene.-mar. 2006.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-60319

RESUMO

El tabaquismo es la principal causa evitable de incapacidad y muerte en la mayoría de los países desarrollados. Para muchos gobiernos es un problema de salud pública y por tanto su prevención y consumo exige medidas reguladoras. No siempre se ha tenido una conciencia tan clara, como ahora, del daño físico del tabaquismo sobre el organismo. En este artículo hacemos un repaso de la relación tabaco-sociedad a lo largo de los siglos, desde su introducción en Europa hasta nuestros días (AU)


Tobacco addiction is the main avoidable cause of incapacity and eath in the majority of the developed countries. It is a public health problem for many governments and it´s prevention and consume requires regulation norms so. Not always existed a clear conscience, as now, of the physical damage to the organism done by tobacco. In this article we make a review of the tobacco-society relationship beyond the centuries, from it´s European introduction to our days (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Fumar/história , História da Medicina , Nicotiana , Indústria do Tabaco/história , Saúde Pública
5.
An Med Interna ; 22(2): 65-8, 2005 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15898882

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study were: to analyze the spanish production in diagnostic and therapeutics research area of respiratory system in international journals from 1990 to 2002. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Papers published in diagnostic and therapeutics area of respiratory system during this period of time were selected by the PUBMED system. We delimited the production with key words: respiratory system and the one that is used by the diagnostic and therapeutics research area. RESULTS: We obtain a total of 67 document published in international journals by spanish authors. The scientific production in the diagnostic and therapeutics area have stabilized in this 12 years period. The distribution of articles by the institutional affiliation and province of authors also showed a wide dispersion: Barcelona and Clinic and Provincial Hospital of Barcelona were responsible for 43.1% and 23.8% of all the production. Bronchoalveolar lavage and the use of telescopic catheter were the type of diagnostic and therapeutic procedure more productive. CONCLUSIONS: The scientific production in the diagnostic and therapeutics area of respiratory system have stabilized in this 12 years period, this evidence contrast with the high growth detected in respiratory system in general.


Assuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto/estatística & dados numéricos , Editoração/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Respiratórios/diagnóstico , Transtornos Respiratórios/terapia , Internacionalidade , Espanha
6.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 41(2): 78-83, 2005 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15718001

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To analyze key word usage in Archivos de Bronconeumología, by comparing words used in the journal to those used in the Index Medicus database within various respiratory system knowledge areas, and to determine whether usage has changed over time. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Original articles published in Archivos de Bronconeumología from 1994 through 2001 were reviewed manually to gather the key words used. The list was translated to English and then compared to the medical subject heading (MeSH) terms used in the PubMed Browser. RESULTS: Seven hundred six original articles published in the study period used a total of 1163 key words. Matches with MeSH terms were found for 62% (n=46) of the key words in smoking research, 48% (n=52) in asthma, 39% (n=82) in respiratory insufficiency and sleep disorders, 60% (n=49) in diagnostic and treatment techniques, 61% (n=35) in tuberculosis, 65% (n=87) in nontuberculous infections, 61% (n=121) in oncology, 60% (n=37) in circulation, 55% (n=47) in pleural diseases, 48% (n=21) in pathophysiology, and 64% (n=68) in interstitial diseases. We did not see a clear tendency in the evolution of the journal's key word usage for the knowledge areas analyzed during the study period. The percentage of matching key words held steady around 50% over the last 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory system key words in the knowledge areas we investigated are used correctly in Archivos de Bronconeumología only about 50% of the time.


Assuntos
Armazenamento e Recuperação da Informação , Medical Subject Headings , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto/normas , Sistema Respiratório
7.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 41(2): 78-83, feb. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-037481

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Analizar las palabras clave utilizadas en las diferentes áreas de sistema respiratorio a través de la revista ARCHIVOS DE BRONCONEUMOLOGÍA, comparándolas entre sí, determinando su evolución y cotejándolas con las empleadas en el Index Medicus. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una revisión manual de los originales publicados en ARCHIVOS DE BRONCONEUMOLOGÍA entre los años 1994 y 2001 y se anotó las palabras clave encontradas en ellos. Se efectuó una comparación de las palabras clave con las utilizadas por el MeSH Browser de PubMed, para lo que previamente tuvieron que traducirse al inglés. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron 706 originales en el período estudiado. En ellos se emplearon un total de 1.163 palabras clave, de las que han resultado correctas, comparadas con las del MeSH, el 62% (n = 46) en tabaquismo, el 48% (n =52) en asma, el 39% (n = 82) en insuficiencia respiratoria y trastornos del sueño, el 60% (n = 49) en técnicas diagnósticas y terapéuticas, el 61% (n = 35) en tuberculosis, el 65%(n = 87) en infecciones no tuberculosas, el 61% (n = 121 ) en oncología, el 60% (n = 37) en circulación, el 55% (n = 47) en pleura, el 48% (n = 21) en fisiopatología y el 64% (n = 68) en enfermedades intersticiales. No hemos encontrado una tendencia definida en la evolución de las palabras clave a lo largo de los años en las áreas analizadas. El porcentaje de palabras correctas se ha mantenido en torno al 50% en los últimos 3 años. CONCLUSIONES: En las áreas de sistema respiratorio estudiadas sólo se emplean de una manera correcta alrededor del 50% de las palabras clave


OBJECTIVE: To analyze key word usage in ARCHIVOS DEBRONCONEUMOLOGÍA, by comparing words used in the journal to those used in the Index Medicus database with in various respiratory system knowledge areas, and to determine whether usage has changed over time. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Original articles published in ARCHIVOS DE BRONCONEUMOLOGÍA from 1994 through 2001were reviewed manually to gather the key words used. The list was translated to English and then compared to the medical subject heading (MeSH) terms used in the PubMed Browser. RESULTS: Seven hundred six original articles published in the study period used a total of 1163 key words. Matches with MeSH terms were found for 62% (n=46) of the key words in smoking research, 48% (n=52) in asthma, 39% (n=82) in respiratory insufficiency and sleep disorders, 60% (n=49) in diagnostic and treatment techniques, 61% (n=35) in tuberculosis,65% (n=87) in non tuberculous infections, 61% (n=121) in oncology, 60% (n=37) in circulation, 55% (n=47) in pleural diseases, 48% (n=21) in pathophysiology, and 64% (n=68) in interstitial diseases. We did not see a clear tendency in the evolution of the journal’s key word usage for the knowledge areas analyzed during the study period. The percentage of matching key words held steady around 50% over the last3 years. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory system key words in the knowledge areas we investigated are used correctly in ARCHIVOS DE BRONCONEUMOLOGÍA only about 50% of the time


Assuntos
Armazenamento e Recuperação da Informação , Descritores , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto/normas , Sistema Respiratório
8.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 22(2): 65-68, feb. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-038391

RESUMO

Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la aportación de autores españoles a la ciencia internacional en el área temática de técnicas diagnósticas y terapéuticas del sistema respiratorio, en el período 1990 a 2002. Material y métodos: Se efectuó una búsqueda de los artículos publicados entre 1990 a 2002 incluidos en PUB-MED. La estrategia de busca se centró en las palabras clave (PC): respiratory system y en aquellas relacionadas con los procedimientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos empleados en sistema respiratorio. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 67 artículos, sobre el motivo a estudio, de autores españoles publicados en revistas internacionales. Se ha mantenido una producción estable a lo largo de los años entre 2 y 5 artículos por año, siendo los neumólogos los más productivos en este tema. Aunque existe una dispersión de la producción según la distribución de los artículos por provincias e instituciones españolas fue Barcelona (43,1%) y el Hospital Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona (23,8%) quienes concentraron un mayor número de artículos en el período estudiado. Los procedimientos diagnóstico terapéuticos más productivos fueron el lavado broncoalveolar y el uso del catéter telescopado en la fibrobroncoscopia. Conclusiones: La producción, en el área de técnicas diagnósticas y terapéuticas de sistema respiratorio en revistas internacionales, se mantiene estable, sin una tendencia definida, lo que contrasta con el gran aumento de producción que ha experimentado el sistema respiratorio


Objective: The aim of this study were: to analyze the spanish production in diagnostic and therapeutics research area of respiratory system in international journals from 1990 to 2002. Material and methods: Papers published in diagnostic and therapeutics area of respiratory system during this period of time were selected by the PUB-MED system. We delimited the production with key words: respiratory system and the one that is used by the diagnostic and therapeutics research area. Results: We obtain a total of 67 document published in international journals by spanish authors. The scientific production in the diagnostic and therapeutics area have stabilized in this 12-years period. The distribution of articles by the institutional affiliation and province of authors also showed a wide dispersion: Barcelona and Clinic and Provincial Hospital of Barcelona were responsible for 43,1% and 23,8% of all the production. Bronchoalveolar lavage and the use of telescopic catheter were the type of diagnostic and therapeutic procedure more productive. Conclusions: The scientific production in the diagnostic and therapeutics area of respiratory system have stabilized in this 12-years period, this evidence contrast with the high growth detected in respiratory system in general


Assuntos
Humanos , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Respiratórias , Bibliometria , Pesquisa Biomédica/estatística & dados numéricos , Espanha , Lavagem Broncoalveolar
9.
Eur Respir J ; 24(3): 348-52, 2004 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15358689

RESUMO

A prospective study was made to assess the short-term clinical and endoscopic response to high-dose-rate endobronchial brachytherapy (HDREB) in patients with malignant endobronchial tumours. From July 1995 to May 2000, 288 HDREB sessions were carried out on 81 patients. The mean patient age was 61.57 yrs (range 34-82); males were predominant (87.65%). Tumours were primary in 76 patients (93.82%) and metastatic in five patients (6.18%). The inclusion criteria were malignant endobronchial tumour and either palliative treatment for incurable disease or intent-to-cure treatment for residual malignancy on the bronchial resection surface after surgery or an inoperable tumour. The exclusion criteria were as follows: impediments to catheter placement, expected survival <2 months, Karnofsky index <60, or absence of informed consent. The clinical response of a symptom was categorised as complete (disappearance of the symptom), partial (less than complete) or absent. The endoscopic response was considered to be complete if lesions disappeared and biopsy findings remained negative 1 month after the last radiation session; partial if lesions improved to some extent, but the biopsy findings were positive; and absent if there was no change in relation to baseline. The technique consisted of delivering high-dose irradiation from an Ir192 source to a target volume using one or two endobronchial catheters inserted under optical or video bronchoscopic guidance. Four sessions were scheduled at weekly intervals and 500 cGy was applied per session over a length of 1-9 cm, measured 0.5-1 cm from the centre of the source. In total, 85% of the symptoms analysed (haemoptysis, cough, dyspnoea, expectoration, and stridor) disappeared with HDREB, which was categorised as a complete response. The endoscopic response was complete in 56.79% of patients, partial or less than complete in 40.74% and absent in 2.46%. One major complication occurred (bronchial fistula 1.2%), but no lethal haemoptysis. Minor complications (pneumonitis, bronchospasm and bronchial stenosis) each occurred in one patient (1.2%). High-dose-rate endobronchial brachytherapy is a good palliative treatment for endoluminal lung neoplasms, effectively alleviating symptoms and endoscopic evidence in many cases with an acceptable rate of complications. High-dose-rate endobronchial brachytherapy can be carried out as an intent-to-cure procedure in highly selected cases.


Assuntos
Braquiterapia/métodos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/radioterapia , Radioisótopos de Irídio/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/radioterapia , Brônquios , Broncoscopia , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Radioisótopos de Irídio/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Dosagem Radioterapêutica
10.
Med. mil ; 59(1): 17-21, ene.-mar. 2003. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-37488

RESUMO

Introducción: La dificultad a la hora de obtener una radiografía de tórax en inspiración, puede ser debida a fallo del paciente que no llega a inspiración máxima o a fallo del radiólogo o del técnico de rayos que no aprieta el interruptor en el momento preciso. Objetivo: Valorar si la incorporación de un inspirómetro al aparato de rayos corrige tanto los errores atribuibles al paciente, como los errores atribuibles al profesional que realiza la radiografía. Material y métodos: Se midieron la capacidad pulmonar total por el método radiográfico planimétrico, la distancia del espacio retroesternal y la altura del arco del hemidiafragma derecho. Estas mediciones se hicieron primero sobre las radiografías de tórax de 22 pacientes (doce EPOC y diez restrictivos), clínicamente estables, en las que se cuidó el grado de inspiración y después sobre radiografías de tórax de los mismos pacientes y en las mismas condiciones pero midiendo la inspiración máxima con un inspirómetro incorporado al aparato de rayos. Para el análisis de las diferencias se efectuó una comparación de medias de valores pareados y se calculó el valor y significación de 'T'. Resultados: La diferencia de las medias de la Capacidad Pulmonar total (p = 0'007), de la distancia del espacio retroesternal (p = 0'167) y de la altura del arco del hemidiafragma derecho (p = 0'849) fueron favorables, en el primer caso con significación estadística, a las radiografías de tórax obtenidas con el inspirómetro incorporado al aparato de rayos. Conclusión: Con el inspirómetro, incorporado al aparato de rayos, se consiguen radiografías de tórax con mayor volumen y grado de inspiración y se corrigen tanto los errores de técnica atribuibles al paciente como los errores atribuibles al radiólogo o técnico de rayos (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Masculino , Humanos , Radiografia Torácica/métodos , Ventilação Voluntária Máxima/fisiologia , Espirometria/métodos , Capacidade Pulmonar Total/fisiologia , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Insuficiência Respiratória
11.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 38(8): 356-61, 2002 Aug.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12199916

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To describe the type of statistical analysis used most often in original research articles published in Archivos de Bronconeumología, and the evolution of statistical analysis over time in terms of complexity. To determine comprehensibility, taking bivariate analysis as the reference threshold. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All articles published in the original research section of Archivos de Bronconeumología from 1970 through 1999 were reviewed manually. For each article we recorded the category or categories of statistical analysis and its comprehensibility (with a reference threshold set at category 7). We studied the following factors: year of publication, type of analysis, comprehensibility, maximum category achieved, subject area and number of authors. RESULTS: Eight hundred sixty original articles, with a mean 5 2 authors per article were examined. The maximum category reached was a mean 4.15 4.61. The three types of analysis used most often in all articles were category 1 (descriptive only) at 49.4%, category 2 (t and z tests) at 26.4% and category 3 (bivariate tables) at 19.1%. Among the more complex analytical categories, the most often used were analysis of variance (category 8) at 9%, survival analysis (category 16) at 6.2%, and non-parametric correlations at 3.4%. Comparing results by decade, the proportion of articles with only descriptive analysis fell from 74% in the seventies to 63.9% in the eighties and to 36.1% in the nineties (90s vs. 80s, p < 0.05; 90s vs. 70s, p < 0.05; 80s vs. 70s, p < 0.05). The use of statistics from categories 3 and 6 increased (p < 0.05), and the use of the more complex categories 8, 10, 11 and 16 increased (p < 0.05). Comprehensibility decreased significantly to 68.1% in the 90s in relation to increased complexity of analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The complexity of statistical analysis in articles published in Archivos de Bronconeumología increased over time, while comprehensibility decreased.


Assuntos
Publicações Periódicas como Assunto , Pneumologia , Estatística como Assunto , Análise de Variância , Humanos , Espanha , Estatística como Assunto/normas , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Análise de Sobrevida
12.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 38(8): 356-361, ago. 2002.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-16764

RESUMO

La talidomida es un fármaco bien conocido por sus efectos secundarios, aunque la toxicidad pulmonar no ha sido comunicada. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 65 años, diagnosticado de mieloma múltiple IgG kappa en estadio IA, que en el día 37 del tratamiento con talidomida presentó de forma aguda tos, malestar general, disnea de reposo y sudación. La presión arterial era 90/60 mmHg y no tenía fiebre. En la radiografía de tórax había un patrón intersticial alveolar en el hemitórax derecho, y en la gasometría arterial una insuficiencia respiratoria parcial (pH 7,40, PaCO2 40 mmHg, PaO2 47 mmHg). El análisis de sangre evidenció alteraciones propias de su mieloma múltiple y las determinaciones microbiológicas fueron negativas (esputo, hemocultivos y detección de antígenos de Streptococcus pneumoniae y Legionella pneumophila en orina). Tras la retirada del fármaco y recibir oxigenoterapia y corticoides intravenosos, el paciente evolucionó bien. Una radiografía de tórax realizada 4 días después fue normal y en la gasometría arterial desapareció la insuficiencia respiratoria. Como conclusión, cabe mencionar que la toxicidad pulmonar grave deberá ser incluida entre los efectos adversos potenciales de la talidomida. OBJETIVOS: Describir en los originales de ARCHIVOS DE BRONCONEUMOLOGÍA el tipo de análisis estadístico utilizado con mayor frecuencia y su evolución a lo largo de los años, cuantificar su complejidad y, por último, determinar la accesibilidad tomando como umbral de referencia la estadística bivariable. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se revisaron manualmente todos los artículos publicados en la sección de originales de ARCHIVOS DE BRONCONEUMOLOGÍA desde 1970 a 1999 (ambos inclusive). Para cada artículo se anotó la categoría o categorías de los análisis estadísticos y se determinó la accesibilidad estadística (umbral de referencia en categoría 7). Estudiamos las siguientes variables: año de publicación, tipo de análisis, accesibilidad, máxima categoría alcanzada, área temática y número de autores. RESULTADOS: Fueron 860 artículos originales, con una media ñ desviación estándar (DE) de autores por artículo de 5 ñ 2. La media ñ DE total de la máxima categoría alcanzada fue de 4,15 ñ 4,61. Las tres categorías de análisis estadísticos utilizadas con más frecuencia en el total de los artículos fueron la categoría 1 (sólo descriptiva) en el 49,4 per cent, pruebas t y z (categoría 2) en el 26,4 per cent y tablas bivariables (categoría 3) en el 19,1 per cent. Entre las categorías más complejas, las más utilizadas en todos los originales en conjunto fueron el análisis de la varianza (categoría 8) en el 9 per cent, el análisis de supervivencia (categoría 16) en el 6,2 per cent, y las correlaciones no paramétricas en el 3,4 per cent. Al comparar por décadas se observa un descenso de la estadística sólo descriptiva del 74 per cent en los años setenta, al 63,9 per cent en los ochenta y al 36,1 per cent en los noventa (90 frente a 80; p < 0,05; 90 frente a 70; p < 0,05; 80 frente a 70; p < 0,05). También se detectó un aumento del uso de las categorías 3 a 6 (p < 0,05), y entre de las más complejas aumentaron las categorías 8, 10, 11 y 16 (p < 0,05).Además se puso de manifiesto un descenso de forma significativa, como se justifica por el aumento de la complejidad del análisis estadístico, de la accesibilidad hasta el 68,1 per cent en la década de los noventa. CONCLUSIONES: Se produce en el tiempo un aumento de la complejidad de los análisis estadísticos en ARCHIVOS DE BRONCONEUMOLOGÍA, lo que supone una menor accesibilidad (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Estatística , Pneumologia , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto , Espanha , Análise de Sobrevida , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Análise de Variância
14.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 36(3): 133-8, 2000 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10782264

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare the attitudes toward smoking and smoking patterns of young male asthmatics with the attitudes and habits of a group previously studied non-asthmatic men. POPULATION AND METHODS: Volunteers responded individually to as anonymous questionnaire. RESULTS: Responses were received from 488 asthmatics men (55.83%) of the sample, with 11 not responding) and 386 non-asthmatics (44.16%, with 27 not responding). The mean age of subjects was 19.91 +/- 2.76 yr. Smoking asthmatics numbered 154 (31.56%) non-asthmatic smokers numbered 207 (53.6%) (p < 0.001). Eighteen asthmatics (3.68%) and 6 (1.55%) non-asthmatics were ex-smokers. The mean age of initiation was 15.20 +/- 2.42 for asthmatics and 15.08 +/- 2.41 for non-asthmatics. Smoking was established at a mean age of 16.56 +/- 2.04 yr for asthmatics and 16.47 +/- 2.18 yr for non-asthmatics. Sixty-two percent of asthmatics smoked fewer than 10 cigarettes/day whereas 55% of non-asthmatics smoked between 11 and 20 cigarettes/day. The mean Fagerström score were 2.59 +/- 2.2 for asthmatics and 4.66 +/- 2.2 for non-asthmatics (p < 0.001). Fifty-four percent of asthmatics and 47% non-asthmatics were considering quitting. Sixty-five percent of asthmatics and 44% of non-asthmatics had previously tried to quit (p < 0.01) and mean duration of abstinence was 4.6 +/- 3.8 months and 3.8 +/- 4.6, respectively (p < 0.05). No differences were found in the reason for starting to smoke. We found that the companions and friends of asthmatics smoked less than did the friend and acquaintances of non-asthmatics (p < 0.001), although that differences was not found for relatives, the friends, relatives and companions of smoking asthmatics smoked more than did those of non-smoking asthmatics. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of smoking is lower among asthmatics than among non-asthmatics and asthmatics smoke fewer cigarettes/day and have a lower level of addiction. There are no differences in age of or reasons for starting to smoke. Asthmatics have fewer smoking friends than do non-asthmatics and non-smoking asthmatics have fever still. the desire to quit smoking is high in both groups.


Assuntos
Asma , Atitude , Fumar/epidemiologia , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Fumar/psicologia , Prevenção do Hábito de Fumar , Inquéritos e Questionários
15.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 36(3): 133-138, mar. 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-4154

RESUMO

Objetivo: Conocer qué actitudes y características presenta el hábito tabáquico en jóvenes asmáticos comparándolos con un grupo de jóvenes no asmáticos ya estudiado previamente. Población y métodos: Se realizó una encuesta, anónima, personal y voluntaria. Resultados: Contestaron a la encuesta 488 asmáticos (el 55,83 por ciento, 11 no contestaron) y 386 (44,16 por ciento, 27 no contestaron) no asmáticos varones. La edad media fue de 19,91 ñ 2,76. El 31,56 por ciento (154) de los asmáticos fumaba frente al 53,67 por ciento (207) de los no asmáticos (p < 0,001), eran ex fumadores en el grupo de asmáticos un 3,68 por ciento (18) frente a un 1,55 por ciento (6) de los no asmáticos. La edad media de inicio fue de 15,20 ñ 2,42 años en asmáticos frente a 15,08 ñ 2,41 en no asmáticos. La edad media de consumo regular fue de 16,56 ñ 2,04 años en asmáticos frente a 16,47 ñ 2,18 en no asmáticos. El 62 por ciento de los asmáticos fumaba menos de 10 cigarrillos/día mientras que el 55 por ciento de los no asmáticos fumaba entre 11 y 20 cigarrillos/día. El valor medio del test de Fagerström para los asmáticos fue de 2,59 ñ 2,2 frente a 4,66 ñ 2,2 en no asmáticos (p < 0,001). Un 54 por ciento de los asmáticos y un 47 por ciento de los no asmáticos estarían dispuestos a dejar el hábito. Han realizado intentos previos un 65 por ciento frente un 44 por ciento de los no asmáticos (p < 0,01), con una duración media de 4,6 ñ 3,8 meses frente 3,8 ñ 4,6 en no asmáticos (p < 0,05). No hubo diferencias en cuanto al motivo de inicio del hábito. Encontramos que los compañeros y amigos fumadores de asmáticos fuman menos en proporción que los de los no asmáticos (p < 0,001), no así los familiares. Fuman más los amigos, familiares y compañeros fumadores de asmáticos fumadores. Conclusiones: Existe una menor prevalencia de asmáticos fumadores con un menor número de cigarrillos por día y menor dependencia. No encontramos diferencias en cuanto a la edad y motivo de inicio. Hay un menor número de fumadores en el entorno social del asmático comparado con los no asmáticos, y menor proporción de fumadores en el entorno del asmático no fumador. Existe gran motivación para dejar el hábito en ambos grupos. (AU)


Assuntos
Adulto , Masculino , Humanos , Atitude , Asma , Tabagismo , Inquéritos e Questionários
16.
An Med Interna ; 15(5): 267-9, 1998 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9629776

RESUMO

We present a case of amiodarone pulmonary toxicity, special emphasis is given to the radiological features because the presence of pulmonary nodules with interstitial and alveolar abnormalities. Due to a treatment with amiodarone, the patient developed few symptoms, with a low maintenance dose of 200 mg/day.


Assuntos
Amiodarona/efeitos adversos , Antiarrítmicos/efeitos adversos , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Radiografia
17.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 34(11): 526-30, 1998 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9929720

RESUMO

This study aimed to determine the attitudes toward smoking and the characteristics of smoking patterns in young men of military age. Individuals performing their military service were surveyed using a self-administered, anonymous, personal and voluntary questionnaire. Questions were included on smoking habits, social context, and desire to quit. Responses were received from 386 (93.46%) subjects, all male, whose mean age was 20.52 +/- 2.3 years. The sample included 207 smokers (53.62%), 173 non smokers (44.81%) and 6 ex-smokers (1.55%). Mean age of initiation was 15.07 +/- 2.4 years and mean age of start of habitual smoking was 16.46 +/- 2.2 years. The main reasons for starting to smoke were curiosity (39.73%) and peer pressure (29.45%). Between 11 and 20 cigarettes/day were smoked by 53.74%. Those who began before 18 years of age smoked more than those who began after age 19. Light tobacco was smoked by 90.87%. Non smokers had fewer friends and family members who smoked than did smokers (p < 0.05). The proportion of moderate smokers was 78.85%. Forty-three percent were found to be in a phase of thinking about quitting, and 48.19% had previously tried to quit. Anxiety is the most common cause of re-commencement. Stress was cited most often as the reason for increased smoking. We conclude that the prevalence of daily smoking is high among young men, who begin smoking regularly at 16 years of age. Those who begin later smoke less. The influence of friends and family members on initiation and maintenance of smoking is great. Half the smokers contemplated quitting and reported a high number of earlier attempts to stop. We believe that military quarters are an ideal place for health education and promotion, offering the possibility of designing special programs for decreasing the prevalence of smoking among adults.


Assuntos
Atitude , Fumar/epidemiologia , Fumar/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Inquéritos e Questionários
18.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 33(6): 278-83, 1997 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9289322

RESUMO

To assess clinical and bronchoscopic evolution as well as outcome in patients treated with high dose rate (HDR) endobronchial brachytherapy in order to determine its effectiveness for treating malignant airway obstruction. From May 1993 to January 1996, 10 patients (9 men and 1 woman) with bronchogenic carcinoma received 24 HDR endobronchial treatments. The mean age was 61.9 years (range 34 to 78 years). Inclusion criteria were, for palliative treatment, incurable endobronchial cancer, and, for curative treatment, residual tumor in the margins after resection, or endobronchial tumor that could not be treated surgically. Exclusion criteria were site of lesion unsuitable for placement of the brachytherapy catheter, life expectancy less than two months, Karnofsky index less than 60 or absence of signed consent from the patient. Response criteria was either complete or partial for symptoms and endobronchial tumor. Ten patients received 24 HDR endobronchial treatment from and HDR source of I192 radiation with remote afterloading. A flexible bronchoscope was passed down the bronchial tree toward the area affected by the tumor. At intervals of one week, four separate fractions between 5 and 10 Gy were delivered to a depth of 0.5 to 1 cm and a length of 1 to 5 cm. One month after the last session, each patient underwent endoscopic examination with removal of a histology specimen. Response was considered complete based on clinical signs in 66%; response was complete based on endoscopy in 50%. Three patients died within the first year after treatment and one patient did not return for a follow-up examination. Five patients who had been followed for less than one year were still living. The remaining patient was living 18 months after treatment. All tolerated the treatments well, showing neither early nor late complications. HDR endobronchial brachytherapy is effective both for preventing and relieving malignant endobronchial obstruction. Response to therapy is good, as shown by clinical symptoms and endobronchial examination. HDR endobronchial brachytherapy can cure in carefully selected patients.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/radioterapia , Braquiterapia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/radioterapia , Carcinoma de Células Pequenas/radioterapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/radioterapia , Adulto , Idoso , Braquiterapia/métodos , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cuidados Paliativos , Radiografia Torácica , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Fatores de Tempo
20.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 32(1): 47-9, 1996 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8948890

RESUMO

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic mycotic infection, the frequency of pulmonary infection is 22% and the associated mortality rates were 83% for pulmonary. We present a case of pulmonary mucormycosis survived after the therapy with amphotericin B and surgery.


Assuntos
Pneumopatias Fúngicas , Mucormicose , Adulto , Humanos , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/terapia , Masculino , Mucormicose/terapia
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