Presentación atípica de amiloidosis por transtiretina en un área no endémica / Atypical presentation of transthyretin amyloidosis in a non-endemic area

Antecedente y objetivo: Existen 2 tipos de amiloidosis producidas por depósitos de transtiretina, el tipo salvaje (wt-ATTR) y el tipo mutante (m-ATTR), transmitido por herencia autosómica dominante con penetrancia variable, manifestándose con clínica neurológica y/o cardíaca. Describimos 3 familias afectadas por m-ATTR diagnosticadas en un área no endémica. Material y métodos: Se estudiaron 63 pacientes con alta sospecha de amiloidosis TTR. Posteriormente, el diagnóstico se realizó por amplificación mediante PCR de ADN y en los casos positivos se estudiaron a los familiares de primer grado. Resultados: Se detectaron 7 casos positivos para m-ATTR, distribuidos en 3 familias (Glu74Gln, Val142Ile en heterocigosis y Val142Ile en homocigosis) y 3 casos de variantes no patogénicas. Conclusiones: La amiloidosis hereditaria por TTR es una enfermedad rara, pero presente en áreas no endémicas, por lo que debe tenerse en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial de los pacientes con polineuropatía y/o insuficiencia cardiaca con fracción de eyección preservada

Background and objective: There are 2 types of amyloidosis caused by transthyretin deposits: the wild type (wt-ATTR) and the mutant type (m-ATTR), transmitted by autosomal dominant inheritance with variable penetrance, manifesting with neurological and/or cardiac symptoms. We report on 3 families affected by m-ATTR diagnosed in a nonendemic area. Material and methods: We studied 63 patients with a high suspicion of ATTR. The diagnosis was subsequently performed by magnification through polymerase chain reaction of DNA. For the positive cases, we studied the first-degree relatives. Results: We detected 7 positive cases of m-ATTR, distributed among 3 families (Glu74Gln, Val142Ile in heterozygosity and Val142Ile in homozygosity), and 3 cases of nonpathogenic variants. Conclusions: Hereditary ATTR is a rare disease but is present in nonendemic areas and should therefore be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with polyneuropathy and/or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Atypical presentation of transthyretin amyloidosis in a non-endemic area. / Presentación atípica de amiloidosis por transtiretina en un área no endémica.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There are 2 types of amyloidosis caused by transthyretin deposits: the wild type (wt-ATTR) and the mutant type (m-ATTR), transmitted by autosomal dominant inheritance with variable penetrance, manifesting with neurological and/or cardiac symptoms. We report on 3 families affected by m-ATTR diagnosed in a nonendemic area. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 63 patients with a high suspicion of ATTR. The diagnosis was subsequently performed by magnification through polymerase chain reaction of DNA. For the positive cases, we studied the first-degree relatives. RESULTS: We detected 7 positive cases of m-ATTR, distributed among 3 families (Glu74Gln, Val142Ile in heterozygosity and Val142Ile in homozygosity), and 3 cases of nonpathogenic variants. CONCLUSIONS: Hereditary ATTR is a rare disease but is present in nonendemic areas and should therefore be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with polyneuropathy and/or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Síndrome de Guillain-Barré secundario a infección por Mycoplasma pneumoniae / Guillain-Barré syndrome secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection

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