Prevalencia de depresión en adolescentes / Depresión prevalence in adolescents

Introducción. El objetivo del estudio es conocer la prevalencia de manifestaciones depresivas en adolescentes, así como las variables sociodemográficas asociadas con las mismas.Método. Diseño: estudio observacional descriptivo transversal. Emplazamiento: tres centros de enseñanza urbanos. Participantes: 389 alumnos de enseñanza secundaria obligatoria entre los 12 y 16 años que contestaron de forma libre y anónima el cuestionario. Mediciones: Cuestionario de Depresión para Niños (CDS), autocumplimentable, validado en su adaptación española para su aplicación individual y colectiva. Cuestionario APGAR familiar. Variables relativas a circunstancias sociodemográficas, rendimiento académico y presencia de enfermedades crónicas.Resultados. Se excluyeron 10 sujetos que contestaron de forma incompleta. En los 379 sujetos a estudio, 39 presentaron puntuaciones del CDS en rango depresivo (decatipo >= 8): 10,29 % (IC 95 %: 7,2-13,3 %). En el análisis bivariante sólo encontramos diferencias para la presentación de manifestaciones depresivas en relación con la existencia de disfunción familiar diagnosticada por el test de APGAR: 24,4 frente a 6,1 % (p < 0,0001). En el análisis de regresión logística el modelo que mejor predice la presencia de un diagnóstico de depresión incluye las variables disfunción familiar, con una OR de 4,27 (IC 95 %: 1,98-9,21) para disfunción leve y OR de 14,44 (IC 95 %: 4,61-45,17) para disfunción grave, y número de hermanos con OR de 0,56 (IC 95 %: 0,33-0,93).Conclusiones. La prevalencia de manifestaciones depresivas entre adolescentes es elevada, siendo más frecuente en miembros de familias disfuncionantes, mientras que un mayor número de hermanos tendría un efecto protector

Introduction. This study aimed to know the prevalence of depressive manifestations in adolescents and the sociodemographic variables associated with them.Method. Design: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. Location: three urban teaching centers. Participants: 389 students of obligatory secondary education from 12 to 16 years who answered the questionnaire freely and anonymously. Measurements: Questionnaire of Depression for Children (CDS), self-applicable, validated in their Spanish adaptation for their individual and collective administration. Family APGAR questionnaire. Variables regarding sociodemographic, academic yield and presence of chronic illnesses circumstances.Results. 10 children were excluded because they answered in an incomplete way. In the 379 study subjects, 39 had a score on the CDS in the depressive range (decatype >= 8): 10.29 % (95 % CI: 7.2 %-13.3 %). In the bivariate analysis, we only found differences for the presentation of depressive symptoms in connection with the existence of family dysfunction diagnosed by the APGAR test: 24.4 % versus 6.1 % (p < 0.0001). In the logistic regression analysis, the model that best predicts the presence of one diagnosis of depression includes the family dysfunction variable, with an OR = 4.27 (95 % CI: 1.98- 9.21) for mild dysfunction and OR = 14.44 (95 % CI: 4.61- 45.17) for serious dysfunction, and sibling number with OR 0.56 (95 % CI: 0.33-0.93).Conclusions. Prevalence of depressive manifestations among adolescents is high, being more frequent in members of dysfunctional families, while a greater number of siblings would have a protective effect

Depression prevalence in adolescents.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to know the prevalence of depressive manifestations in adolescents and the sociodemographic variables associated with them. DESIGN: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. LOCATION: three urban teaching centers. PARTICIPANTS: 389 students of obligatory secondary education from 12 to 16 years who answered the questionnaire freely and anonymously. MEASUREMENTS: Questionnaire of Depression for Children (CDS), self-applicable, validated in their Spanish adaptation for their individual and collective administration. Family APGAR questionnaire. Variables regarding sociodemographic, academic yield and presence of chronic illnesses circumstances. RESULTS: 10 children were excluded because they answered in an incomplete way. In the 379 study subjects, 39 had a score on the CDS in the depressive range (decatype > or = 8): 10.29 % (95 % CI: 7.2 %-13.3 %). In the bivariate analysis, we only found differences for the presentation of depressive symptoms in connection with the existence of family dysfunction diagnosed by the APGAR test: 24.4 % versus 6.1 % (p < 0.0001). In the logistic regression analysis, the model that best predicts the presence of one diagnosis of depression includes the family dysfunction variable, with an OR = 4.27 (95 % CI: 1.98- 9.21) for mild dysfunction and OR = 14.44 (95 % CI: 4.61- 45.17) for serious dysfunction, and sibling number with OR 0.56 (95 % CI: 0.33-0.93). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of depressive manifestations among adolescents is high, being more frequent in members of dysfunctional families, while a greater number of siblings would have a protective effect.