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1.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 14(55): 225-229, jul.-sept. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-106771

RESUMO

Introducción: el déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) es un trastorno neuropsiquiátrico común en la infancia y en la adolescencia. Sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que muestren la situación actual de este trastorno desde la perspectiva del pediatra de Atención Primaria. Material y métodos: a fecha de 1 de julio de 2011, fueron seleccionados los pacientes de edad comprendida entre 6 y 14 años de edad controlados en el centro de salud de Catarroja que presentaban el diagnóstico de TDAH. A partir de la historia clínica se procedió a la recogida de datos del paciente, de los profesionales involucrados en el diagnóstico, del tratamiento y del seguimiento. Resultados: de los 2466 niños entre 6 y 14 años de edad registrados, 47 estaban diagnosticados de TDAH (1,9%). La mayoría de los pacientes fueron remitidos desde Pediatría de Atención Primaria para ser estudiados por Neuropediatría y/o Psiquiatría infantil. El tratamiento más extendido fue el metilfenidato (87%), seguido de atomoxetina (4%). Se realizaron exploraciones complementarias al 32% de los pacientes durante el seguimiento, para descartar otras causas de los síntomas. La existencia de comorbilidades asociadas fue similar a la encontrada en otros estudios. La evolución fue favorable en la mayoría de los pacientes en los que se registró la evolución (36%). Conclusión: la prevalencia de TDAH encontrada en nuestra área ha sido baja, probablemente debido al diseño del estudio. Los pacientes son diagnosticados y tratados mayoritariamente por las especialidades de Neuropediatría y/o Psiquiatría infantil. Algunos de los pacientes son tratados por el pediatra de cabecera, tendencia que esperamos siga en aumento(AU)


Introduction: ATtention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurobehavioral disorder in children and adolescents. However there are not studies about this condition from the standpoint of the primary care pediatrician. Material and methods: on July 2011 the patients with the diagnosis of AHDH and between 6 to 12 years of age were selected at the Catarroja Health Center (Valencia). Patient data from the clinical history were recorded and who was the professional that made the diagnosis, treatment and follow up. Results: forty-seven children were diagnosed of ADHD from a total of 2466 (prevalence rate 1.9%). Most of them were referred from the primary care pediatrician to the pediatric neurologist of psychiatrist. The most common treatment was methylphenidate followed by atomexetine. Complementary test were performed in 32% of the patients to rule out alternative causes for the symptoms. The coexisting conditions found were similar to other reports. The outcome of the patients, when reporte, was satisfactory in most of them (36%). Conclusion: the prevalence found in our area is low, probably due to the study design. PAtients are diagnosed and treated frequently by the pediatric neurologist or psychiatrist. Some of the cases are treated by the pediatrician, tendency that we hope to be increased(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/epidemiologia , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/prevenção & controle , Transtornos de Deficit da Atenção e do Comportamento Disruptivo/complicações , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/tendências , Neurofisiologia/métodos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/organização & administração , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Neuropsiquiatria/métodos , Neuropsiquiatria/tendências , Coleta de Dados/métodos , Coleta de Dados , Psiquiatria Infantil/métodos , Psiquiatria Infantil/tendências , Prontuários Médicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Comorbidade
2.
Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 44(1): 53-59, ene.-mar. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-75479

RESUMO

Introducción: La bipedestación es una de las facultades más importantes y características del ser humano, imprescindible para la mayoría de las tareas funcionales. Por eso es una de las funciones habitualmente exploradas en Rehabilitación. Existen varios test de valoración funcional, pero ninguno es rápido y sencillo ni valora exclusivamente la bipedestación; es por ello que se desarrolló la clasificación funcional de la bipedestación del Hospital de Sagunto (BipHS). El objetivo del presente trabajo es demostrar la fiabilidad y la validez de esta escala utilizando para ello, como patrón de referencia, la posturografía. Material y métodos: Utilizando la escala BipHS, que cuenta con 6 niveles de función autoexcluyentes y autoexplicativos (nivel 0: imposible, 1: completamente dependiente, 2: mano dependiente, 3: libre, 4: prolongada, 5: normal), se evaluó la bipedestación en 36 pacientes con ictus y 10 sujetos sanos por parte de dos observadores independientes, efectuando un análisis de la concordancia entre observadores. Registramos diversos parámetros del equilibrio con un equipo de posturografía y efectuamos un análisis de comparación y correlación entre el nivel de bipedestación de nuestra escala y los valores de la posturografía. Resultados: La concordancia entre observadores fue muy buena, con un índice kappa de Cohen de 0,83 (IC: 0,69–0,97). Obtuvimos una asociación significativa entre las medidas del desplazamiento del centro de presiones (cdp) y la escala BipHS, con una buena correlación lineal. A mejor nivel funcional, mejor equilibrio y menores desplazamientos del cdp. Conclusiones: La escala de BipHS es una escala fiable y válida para valorar el equilibrio en bipedestación (AU)


Introduction: Standing is one of the most important and characteristic features of human beings, indispensable for most functional tasks. Therefore, it is one of the functions usually explored in rehabilitation. There are several tests of functional valuation but none of them are quick and easy neither do they evaluate exclusively standing, fact due to which the Standing scale of the "Hospital de Sagunto" (BipHS) was developed. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the reliability and validity of this scale using, as a standard the posturography analysis. Material and methods: Using BipHS Scale, which takes into account 6 levels of function which are self-excluding and self-explanatory (level 0: imposible, 1: completely dependent, 2: hand-dependent, 3: free, 4: prolonged, 5: normal), we evaluated standing in 36 patients which had suffered a vascular stroke and 10 healthy individuals, using two independent observers making a analysis of agreement between both. We then registered different parameters of equilibrium using posturography and made a comparison and correlation analysis between the level of standing of our scale and the values of posturography. Results: The resulting kappa index was 0,83 (CI: 0,69-0,97), proving a good concordance between observers. We achieved a significant association between the measures of movement of the center of pressure (cp) and the BipHS Scale, with a good linear correlation. The better the functional level, the better the balance and smaller displacement of the cp. Conclusion: BipHS is a trustworthy and valid scale to evaluate standing (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/reabilitação , Hemiplegia/reabilitação , Avaliação da Deficiência , Reabilitação/métodos , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica/fisiologia , Equilíbrio Postural/fisiologia , Hipotensão/reabilitação , Hipotensão Ortostática/reabilitação
3.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 69(5): 426-431, nov. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-69175

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar la utilidad de la insulina glargina (IG) en la disminución de hipoglucemias e hiperglucemias en niños y adolescentes con diabetes tipo 1. Pacientes y métodos: Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo/prospectivo, en el que 29 pacientes con hipoglucemias leves/moderadas frecuentes, con edades comprendidas entre 3 y 18 años, y HbA1c de 8 ± 0,7, recibieron tratamiento con IG una vez al día e insulina regular o un análogo de la insulina rápida antes de cada comida. Los criterios de inclusión fueron los siguientes: a) tratamiento previo con insulina de acción intermedia (NPH); b) más de 1 año de evolución de la diabetes, y c) más de tres controles de glucemia/día. Se recogió la incidencia de episodios de hipoglucemias (leves, moderadas y graves), hiperglucemias, los valores de HbA1c, el índice de masa corporal y la dosis diaria de insulina antes y después de iniciar el tratamiento con IG. Además, se realiza una encuesta de opinión directa a la familia sobre la calidad de vida. Resultados: Los resultados se obtuvieron a partir de 1.294 ± 411 glucemias/paciente. La incidencia global de hipoglucemias no se reduce (el 5,9 frente al 6,2 % de valores glucémicos/mes) y las hiperglucemias globales permanecen sin cambios. Sin embargo, se reduce de forma significativa la hiperglucemia en ayunas (el 4,3 frente al 2,6 %) con tendencia a la disminución de las hipoglucemias nocturnas. La HbA1c continúa también sin cambios al igual que los requerimientos totales de insulina diaria (0,8 ± 0,2 U/kg/día). Conclusiones: La IG consigue un control glucémico similar al que se logra con la NPH, con tendencia a la disminución de las hipoglucemias nocturnas y a la mejoría de los valores de glucemia en ayunas (AU)


Objective: To determine the usefulness of insulin glargine (IG) to reduce hipoglycaemias and hyperglycaemic events in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Patients and methods: In a retrospective/prospective study, 29 patients with a high number of non-severe hypoglycaemias, aged 3-18, and an average HbA1c of 8 ± 0.7, received IG once daily plus regular insulin or rapid analogue before meals. Inclusion criteria were: a) previous treatment with NPH insulin; b) diagnosis of type 1 diabetes for at least 1 year before starting IG, and c) > 3 blood glucose controls within a day. Incidence of severe and non-severe hypoglycaemic events, hyperglycaemic events, HbA1c values, body mass index, daily insulin dose before and after the institution of glargine therapy, were collected. Additionally, family were asked to complete a diabetes quality of life survey. Results: 1,294 ± 411 glycaemias/subject were obtained. Hypoglycaemic episodes were not reduced (5.9 % vs 6.2 %) and hyperglycaemic events remained unchanged. Fasting blood glucose levels decreased from 195.3 ± 36.6 to 162.8 ± 25.8 in all patients (p < 0.05) and a tendency a decrease in nocturnal hypoglycaemias was observed. The average HbA1c and total daily insulin dosis also remained unchanged (0.8 ± 0.2 UI/Kg/day). Conclusions: Using IG achieves a glycaemic control similar to NPH, with a tendency to decrease the frecuency of nocturnal hypoglycaemias and an improvement in fasting glycaemia values(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/terapia , Insulina/uso terapêutico , Hiperglicemia/tratamento farmacológico , Hipoglicemia/tratamento farmacológico , Hipoglicemia/metabolismo , Qualidade de Vida , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Prospectivos
4.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 69(5): 426-31, 2008 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19128743

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of insulin glargine (IG) to reduce hipoglycaemias and hyperglycaemic events in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a retrospective/prospective study, 29 patients with a high number of non-severe hypoglycaemias, aged 3-18, and an average HbA1c of 8+/-0.7, received IG once daily plus regular insulin or rapid analogue before meals. Inclusion criteria were: a) previous treatment with NPH insulin; b) diagnosis of type 1 diabetes for at least 1 year before starting IG, and c) >3 blood glucose controls within a day. Incidence of severe and non-severe hypoglycaemic events, hyperglycaemic events, HbA1c values, body mass index, daily insulin dose before and after the institution of glargine therapy, were collected. Additionally, family were asked to complete a diabetes quality of life survey. RESULTS: 1,294+/-411 glycaemias/subject were obtained. Hypoglycaemic episodes were not reduced (5.9% vs 6.2%) and hyperglycaemic events remained unchanged. Fasting blood glucose levels decreased from 195.3+/-36.6 to 162.8+/-25.8 in all patients (p<0.05) and a tendency a decrease in nocturnal hypoglycaemias was observed. The average HbA1c and total daily insulin doses also remained unchanged (0.8+/-0.2 UI/Kg/day). CONCLUSIONS: Using IG achieves a glycaemic control similar to NPH, with a tendency to decrease the frequency of nocturnal hypoglycaemias and an improvement in fasting glycaemia values.


Assuntos
Glicemia/análise , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/tratamento farmacológico , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Insulina/análogos & derivados , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Insulina/uso terapêutico , Insulina Glargina , Insulina de Ação Prolongada , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos
5.
Pediatr Nephrol ; 11(1): 65-8, 1997 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9035174

RESUMO

Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is considered as an autonomous proliferation state of the parathyroid glands with biological hyperfunction resistant to calcium/vitamin suppressor therapy. This phenomenon is thought to be secondary to monoclonal inactivation of tumoral growth suppression factor located on chromosome 11. Three patients, 13, 15, and 22 years of age, with chronic renal insufficiency of long evolution who presented with tertiary hyperparathyroidism following renal transplantation are described. The three patients underwent subtotal parathyroidectomy with consequent normalization of biochemical parameters of phospho-calcium metabolism in the first few weeks post surgery. Pathologic study showed adenoma in the affected glands with hyperplasia of the rest. We believe that in patients with long-term renal insufficiency an aggressive treatment, either medical or surgical, of secondary hyperparathyroidism which is continued after renal transplantation may be useful in preventing the development of tertiary hyperparathyroidism.


Assuntos
Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/cirurgia , Transplante de Rim/fisiologia , Adenoma/complicações , Adenoma/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Cálcio/metabolismo , Criança , Humanos , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/metabolismo , Falência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Masculino , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Neoplasias das Paratireoides/complicações , Neoplasias das Paratireoides/cirurgia , Paratireoidectomia , Fósforo/metabolismo
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