Effects of hyaluronic acid (Hyalonect) on callus formation in rabbits.

OBJECTIVE: Bone fragment and graft stabilization are important during reconstructive surgery of cases with comminuted fractures and bone defects. We examined the effect of Hyalonect surgical mesh on the healing dynamics of metaphyseal bone defects created in rabbit tibiae. METHODS: Approximately 5-mm defects were created on the anterior aspect of the proximal tibial metaphysis of 80 male rabbits. The rabbits were randomly assigned to four groups: Group I, bone defects left alone (control group); Group II, bone defect covered with Hyalonect; Group III, bone defect filled with allograft; and Group IV, bone defect filled with allograft and covered with Hyalonect. RESULTS: No significant histological differences were noted between Groups II and III or Groups III and IV at 3 and 6 weeks. At 3 weeks, Groups II, III, and IV had significantly better healing than Group I (p<0.05). In addition, Group IV showed significantly better healing than Group II at 3 and 6 weeks. At 6 weeks, only Group IV showed better healing than Group I (p<0.05). Radiologically, Groups II, III, and IV showed better healing than Group I at 3 and 6 weeks (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Hyalonect application and bone grafting significantly accelerated the healing process when used alone or together. Hyalonect application along with bone grafting resulted in better early radiological healing than bone grafting alone.

Osseous metaplasia in a nasal polyp: report of a rare case and review of the literature.

Metaplasia is the conversion of one adult tissue or cell type into another tissue or cell type. Although osseous metaplasia has been described in many parts of the body, it is rarely encountered in the head and neck region, especially in nasal polyps. This article reports a case of unilateral sinonasal polyp containing areas of osseous metaplasia in a 44-year-old woman presenting with nasal obstruction. Also included are a brief discussion of osseous metaplasia in the head and neck region and a literature review.

The expression of IgM is helpful in the differentiation of primary cutaneous diffuse large B cell lymphoma and follicle center lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell infiltration of the skin includes mainly primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (PCFCL) with diffuse architecture and diffuse large B cell lymphoma (PCDLBCL), leg type. Differentiation of these lymphomas on morphology may be troublesome. Immunohistochemistry panel, including CD20, CD79a, bcl-6, bcl-2, MUM-1, FOX-P1 is mandatory. However, in minority of cases, these markers would not suffice. In order to search the value of another marker, IgM, 30 cases of PCFCL and 10 cases of PCDLBCL, leg type were included in the study. As suggested in a recent literature, our study denoted that expression of IgM was useful as an additional tool for differentiation.

Actinomycosis presenting as an abdominal mass in a child.

Abdominal actinomycosis in childhood period is very rare and a relation to trauma is not well established. Herein we report a case that appeared subsequent to abdominal trauma. A 17 years old boy presented with left lower quadrant abdominal mass and signs of acute abdomen. The symptoms of abdominal discomfort began after a fall from height 3 months before admission. There were signs of acute abdomen at physical examination. Ultrasound of abdomen demonstrated a mass; CT scan findings pointed to a suspicious "internal hernia". An emergency laparotomy was performed. During surgery, a mass located over sigmoid colon and infiltrating the lateral abdominal wall was found. It was removed en bloc with the adjacent omentum. Except for the thickened sigmoid colon, no other pathologies were present at laparotomy. The pathology specimen revealed the actinomyces infection. The patient was treated with oral penicillin after discharge and the follow-up was uneventful. We advocate, keeping the actinomyces infection in mind in cases presenting with abdominal mass of unknown origin in childhood period.

Primary tuberculosis involving epiglottis: a rare case report.

The case of a 29-year-old patient with active laryngeal tuberculosis predominantly involving the epiglottis, without pulmonary disease, is presented. The predominant symptoms are dysphagia, odynophagia, and hoarseness. Laryngeal carcinoma, which shares almost the same symptoms and signs, should be ruled out immediately. Laryngeal tuberculosis is discussed with a brief literature review.