La multimovilidad académica como estrategia metodológica de la enseñanza de las ciencias: Un análisis comparativo de carreras de medicinas acreditadas por el mercosur / The academic multimobility as strategy teaching science: A comparative analysis of medicine careers accredited by the mercosur

Las competencias en investigación, son consideradas como una de las prioridades de la educación superior y, mayormente en la carrera de medicina se ha acentuado el interés por desarrollarlas, convirtiéndose en requerimientos mínimos y esenciales para los futuros galenos. Esto ha llevado a los líderes y organismos locales e internacionales a centrar sus políticas para promover programas de apalancamiento en la excelencia académica y científica. El presente trabajo pretende re flexionar en algunos elementos curriculares de la educación para las ciencias, presentes en seis carreras de medicina en Latinoamérica, las cuales gozaron de movilidad estudiantil en el año 2012, abordándose desde una metódica mixta: cuali-cuantitativa, con el fin de aproximarse al fenómeno de manera integral. Entre los hallazgos importantes, se destaca el decrecimiento en los intercambios estudiantiles, la pluri-heterogeneidad entre los pensa y la coherencia de los perfiles profesionales con los programas educativos ofertados. Por último, se invita a innovar en las formas de concebir la formación científica de los egresados, trascendiendo el concepto de movilidad territorializada.

The research skills are consider as one of the priorities of higher education and especially in the medical course , there is growing interest in developing them , becoming minimal and essential requirements for future physicians . This has led to leaders and local and international agencies to focus their political leverage to promote programs in academic and scientific excellence. The present manuscript aims to reflect on some elements of the education curriculum for science, present in six careers of medicine in Latin America, which enjoyed student mobility in 2012; boarded from a mixed methodical : a qualitative and quantitative, in order to approach the phenomenon comprehensively. Among the major findings: the decrease in student exchanges, multi - heterogeneity between thought and consistency of the profiles with the offered educational programs is highlighted. Finally, you are invited to innovate in ways of conceiving scientific training of graduates, transcending the concept of mobility territorialized.

[Livedo reticularis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosis and its association with anticardiolipin antibodies]. / Livedo reticularis en pacientes con Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico y su asociación con anticuerpos anticardiolipina.

With the purpose of determining whether a relationship exists between Livedo Reticularis (LR) and anticardiolipine antibodies (ACA) in patients with Systemic Lupus Erithemathosus (SLE), a clinical prospective and descriptive study was carried out on 17 female lupus patients with LR, aged 15-46, from the Immunology and Dermatology outpatient clinic of the Enrique Tejera Hospital Compound in Valencia, Venezuela, during 1998. A complete clinical evaluation of each patient was done, from which a diagnosis of LR was made. This was categorized as mild, moderate or severe (Weinstein and col. criteria), depending on the severity of the lesions. Immunoenzymatic techniques were used to determine ACA Ig or IgM. The study followed the Guidelines of Good Practices in Clinical Research, and a signed informed consent was obtained from each patient. The average age of the studied patients was 28.5 +/- 10.9 years; 52.9% of them presented serum levels of ACA IgG above normal. In all cases, levels of ACA IgM were within normal limits (4.41 +/- 2.63 U/mL. Range: 0.51-9.53). All patients with mild LR had normal levels of ACA IgG, and 83.3% and 80% of those in the Moderate and Severe categories, respectively, had high levels of ACA IgG (> or = 10 U/mL), and there was a statistically significant association between each of the three categories and their respective ACA levels (p < 0.05). 82.4% of the patients had severe manifestations of the disease which included: CNS involvement, lower limb vasculitis, renal insult, pericarditis, thrombocytopenia, and recurrent miscarriages. No statistically significant association was found between each of these manifestations and the severity of LR (p > 0.05), probably due to the small number of patients studied in each group; nor between the medium serum levels of ACA IgG and each of the manifestations, except for lower limb vasculitis (ACA IgG'values-presence or absence: Fisher p: < 0.05) However, a statistically significant association (p < 0.05) was observed when the number of severe manifestations of the disease of each patient was related to the levels of ACA IgG, and the severity of LR.

Livedo reticularis en pacientes con Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico y su asociación con anticuerpos anticardiolipina / Livedo reticularis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosis and its association with anticardiolipin antibodies

With the purpose of determining whether a relationship exists between Livedo Reticularis (LR) and anticardiolipine antibodies (ACA) in patients with Systemic Lupus Erithemathosus (SLE), a clinical prospective and descriptive study was carried out on 17 female lupus patients with LR, aged 15-46, from the Immunology and Dermatology outpatient clinic of the Enrique Tejera Hospital Compound in Valencia, Venezuela, during 1998. A complete clinical evaluation of each patient was done, from which a diagnosis of LR was made. This was categorized as mild, moderate or severe (Weinstein and col. criteria), depending on the severity of the lesions. Immunoenzymatic techniques were used to determine ACA Ig or IgM. The study followed the Guidelines of Good Practices in Clinical Research, and a signed informed consent was obtained from each patient. The average age of the studied patients was 28.5 +/- 10.9 years; 52.9 of them presented serum levels of ACA IgG above normal. In all cases, levels of ACA IgM were within normal limits (4.41 +/- 2.63 U/mL. Range: 0.51-9.53). All patients with mild LR had normal levels of ACA IgG, and 83.3 and 80 of those in the Moderate and Severe categories, respectively, had high levels of ACA IgG (> or = 10 U/mL), and there was a statistically significant association between each of the three categories and their respective ACA levels (p < 0.05). 82.4 of the patients had severe manifestations of the disease which included: CNS involvement, lower limb vasculitis, renal insult, pericarditis, thrombocytopenia, and recurrent miscarriages. No statistically significant association was found between each of these manifestations and the severity of LR (p > 0.05), probably due to the small number of patients studied in each group; nor between the medium serum levels of ACA IgG and each of the manifestations, except for lower limb vasculitis (ACA IgG'values-presence or absence: Fisher p: < 0.05) However, a statistically significant association (p < 0.05) was observed when the number of severe manifestations of the disease of each patient was related to the levels of ACA IgG, and the severity of LR.