Contribution to a reference library of DNA barcodes of Colombian freshwater fishes.

BACKGROUND: The Barcode of Life initiative was originally motivated by the large number of species, taxonomic difficulties and the limited number of expert taxonomists. Colombia has 1,610 freshwater fish species and comprises the second largest diversity of this group in the world. As genetic information continues to be limited, we constructed a reference collection of DNA sequences of Colombian freshwater fishes deposited in the Ichthyology Collection of the University of Antioquia (CIUA), thus joining the multiple efforts that have been made in the country to contribute to the knowledge of genetic diversity in order to strengthen the inventories of biological collections and facilitate the solution of taxonomic issues in the future. NEW INFORMATION: This study contributes to the knowledge on the DNA barcodes and occurrence records of 96 species of Colombian freshwater fishes. Fifty-seven of the species represented in this dataset were already available in the Barcode Of Life Data System (BOLD System), while 39 correspond to new species to the BOLD System. Forty-nine specimens were collected in the Atrato River Basin and 708 in the Magdalena-Cauca asin during the period 2010-2020. Two species (Loricariichthysbrunneus (Hancock, 1828) and Poeciliasphenops Valenciennes, 1846) are considered exotic to the Atrato, Cauca and Magdalena Basins and four species (Oncorhynchusmykiss (Walbaum, 1792), Oreochromisniloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), Parachromisfriedrichsthalii (Heckel, 1840) and Xiphophorushelleri Heckel, 1848) are exotic to the Colombian hydrogeographic regions. All specimens are deposited in CIUA and have their DNA barcodes made publicly available in the BOLD online database. The geographical distribution dataset can be freely accessed through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF).

Rapid Intubation Sequence: 4-Year Experience in an Emergency Department.

BACKGROUND: The rapid intubation sequence is advanced airway management that effectively ensures an adequate supply of oxygen in critically ill patients. The medical personnel in the emergency department performed this procedure. OBJECTIVE: To describe the main characteristics of the rapid intubation sequence in an emergency department of a high complexity hospital. METHODS: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. We included all older patients with a rapid intubation sequence requirement in the emergency department from 2014 to 2017. We used central tendency measures for numerical variables and proportions for categorical variables. RESULTS: A total of 401 patients were eligible for this analysis. The main indication for intubation was the Glasgow Coma Scale = <8 in 170 patients (42.4%), followed by hypoxemia in 142 patients (35.4%). In 36 patients, at least one complication occurred. RSI was performed in 54.4% by emergency physician. RSI was successful on the first attempt in 90.5%. Only 36 patients (9%) presented complications. CONCLUSION: In this study, we found that the rapid intubation sequence was not related to a high proportion of complications. Perhaps, this is attributed to the degree of medical training and the use of emergency department protocols in our hospital.

Cáncer mamario en hombres / Mammary cancer in men

El cáncer mamario en hombres es una enfermedad infrecuente, ya que representa el 1 % de todos los cánceres de mama y es responsable del 0,1 % de las muertes por cáncer en hombres. La incidencia se ha incrementado en los últimos 25 años. En la patogenia se han involucrado factores de riesgo genéticos, hormonales y ambientales. La presentación clínica es la de una masa indolora, retroareolar, con inversión del pezón o sin ella. La enfermedad en estadios avanzados (III-IV) ocurre en más del 40 % de los pacientes. En la mayoría de los casos el diagnóstico se basa en la evaluación clínica, la mamografía, la ecografía y la biopsia. Cerca de 90 % de todos los tumores son carcinomas ductales invasores, que expresan altos niveles de receptores hormonales. El tratamiento local y regional incluye cirugía y radioterapia, dependiendo de la presentación clínica, y el tratamiento sistémico, hormonal o quimioterapia, acorde con los hallazgos clínicos y biológicos. En este artículo se presenta el caso de un paciente con la enfermedad y la última información sobre el tema.

Male breast cancer is an infrequent disease representing only about 1% of all breast cancers responsible for 0.1 % cancer deaths in men. The incidence has increased over the past 25 years. Genetic, hormonal, and environmental risk factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis. Clinical presentation is a painless retroareolar lump, or nipple inversion with more than 40% of individuals having stage III or IV disease. In most cases diagnosis is established by clinical assessment, mammography, ultrasonography and core biopsy. About 90% of all tumors are invasive ductal carcinomas, expressing high levels of hormone receptors. Locoregional treatment includes surgery and radiotherapy, according to the clinical presentation, and systemic treatment (hormonal and/or chemotherapy) according to clinical and biological features. In this article we present the case of a patient with the disease and review the latest information on this subject.