RESUMO
Abstract Objective: Identify the levels of emotional intelligence possessed by students of a Bachelor of Nutrition degree at a university in southeastern Mexico. Materials and methods: According to reviewed documental sources this is a quantitative study, with a descriptive non-experimental approach. In this research, a validated Salovery and Meyer TMMS-24, adapted to Spanish, was applied; this instrument consists of 24 items, subdivided into three subscales or dimensions of the Likert type made up of five items. The sampling was non- probabilistic, including 172 university students, who accepted the terms of the informed consent. For data analysis, the SPSS v.25 program was executed to assembly the information obtained through descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, median and percentage) and variability measures (range, standard deviation and variance). A t-Student test was performed for the analysis of means according to the levels, with a p value <0.005 to determine statistically significant differences. Results: 52.91% of the students are located at a level of "adequate attention", but 47.1% must improve. In relation to the level of understanding, 43.60% have adequate clarity in this sphere of emotional intelligence, while 56.60% must improve this component and 52.33% have adequate regulation, while 47.67% must improve. No statistically significant differences were found; as well as there were no differences in the means between both genders (p = ≥0.05). Conclusions: The study population showed an adequate management level of their emotional intelligence, being emotional perception the one that is presented more frequently as adequate, however, the clarity of feelings presents the lowest levels, so It is evident the need to carry out intervention programs in university students to promote further development of the dimensions that make up emotional intelligence.
Resumen Objetivo: Identificar los niveles de inteligencia emocional en estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Nutrición de una universidad en el sureste de México. Materiales y método: Es un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental descriptivo. En la investigación se aplicó el TMMS-24 de Salovery y Mayer, adaptada al español; dicho instrumento consta de 24 ítems, subdividida en tres subescalas o dimensiones, de tipo Likert conformado por cinco ítems. El muestreo fue no probabilístico, incluyendo a 172 estudiantes universitarios, quienes aceptaron los términos del consentimiento informado. Para el análisis de los resultados se ejecuta el programa SPSS v.25 para agrupar la información obtenida mediante la estadística descriptiva (frecuencia, media, mediana y porcentaje) y medidas de variabilidad (rango, desviación estándar y varianza). Se realizó una prueba de t-Student para el análisis de medias según los niveles, con valor p < 0.005 para determinar diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Resultados: El 52.91 % de los estudiantes se ubican en un nivel de "adecuada atención", pero el 47.1% debe mejorar. En relación con el nivel de comprensión el 43.60 % tiene una adecuada claridad en esta esfera de la inteligencia emocional, mientras el 56.60 % debe mejorar este componente y el 52.33 % tiene una adecuada regulación, mientras 47.67 % debe mejorar. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas; así como tampoco hubo diferencias de las medias entre ambos géneros (p=≥0.05). Conclusiones: La población de estudio se ubica en un adecuado manejo de su inteligencia emocional, siendo la percepción emocional la que se presenta con mayor frecuencia como adecuada, sin embargo, la claridad de sentimientos es la que presenta los niveles más bajos, por lo que es evidente la necesidad de llevar a cabo programas de intervención en universitarios que fomenten el desarrollo de las dimensiones que conforman la inteligencia emocional.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Nowadays, the term "physical fitness" has evolved from sports performance to health status, and it has been considered a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease. In this sense, test batteries have been developed to evaluate physical fitness such as the ALPHA-FIT battery. On the other hand, the analysis of dietary patterns has emerged as an alternative method to study the relationship between diet and chronic noncommunicable diseases. However, the association between dietary patterns and the physical fitness level has not been evaluated in both adults and adolescents. This association is most important in adolescents due to the fact that establishing healthy dietary behaviors and a favorable nutritional profile in early stages of life prevents various chronic-degenerative diseases. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between dietary patterns and the level of fitness in Mexican teenagers. METHODS: We analyzed the relationship between dietary patterns and the fitness level of 42 teenage students in Toluca, Mexico. Students were weighed and measured, and their food intake was recorded for 2 weekdays and one weekend day. Dietary patterns were obtained by factorial analysis. The ALPHA-FIT battery was used to measure the fitness level. RESULTS: Fifty percent of the students were found to have a low fitness level (62.1% men; 37.9% women). There was no association (X2 = 0.83) between the dietary patterns "high in fat and sugar," "high in protein", and "low in fat and protein" and the level of physical condition in teens. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, all of teenagers with a very low level of fitness obtained a high dietary pattern in protein; however, 40% with a high level of physical condition resulted in the same pattern; that is why we did not find a relationship between the fitness level and the patterns investigated in this study.
