[Divertículo de Zenker. Manejo endoscópico contra técnica abierta. ¿Cuál es mejor? Experiencia en el Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga]. / Zenker's diverticulum: endoscopic versus surgical approach. Which is better? Experience in the General Hospital of Mexico Dr. Eduardo Liceaga.

INTRODUCCIÓN: El divertículo de Zenker es una enfermedad rara en la población general. Su tratamiento puede llevarse a cabo mediante un enfoque endoscópico o quirúrgico. OBJETIVO: Reportar la experiencia en el manejo del divertículo de Zenker en un centro de enseñanza de tercer nivel. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, transversal, descriptivo, en el que fueron analizados los expedientes de todos los pacientes con diagnóstico de divertículo de Zenker desde la formación de la clínica de tracto digestivo superior del Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron 14 casos con diagnóstico de divertículo de Zenker, 10 tratados con técnica transoral y 4 por cirugía abierta. Se presentaron tres recidivas en la técnica transoral y ninguna con la técnica abierta. En cuanto a las complicaciones, hubo una lesión dental con la técnica transoral y una fístula esofágica con cirugía abierta, que fue manejada con sonda nasoyeyunal colocada por endoscopia hasta el cierre espontáneo de la fístula. CONCLUSIÓN: El grapado transoral es una técnica con buenos resultados estéticos, pero en nuestra experiencia presenta mayor recurrencia que la cirugía abierta, por lo que debemos realizar un seguimiento a largo plazo de nuestros pacientes. BACKGROUND: Zenker diverticulum is a rare disease in the general population. Its treatment can be carried out by either an endoscopic or surgical approach. OBJECTIVE: To report the experience in the management of the Zenker diverticulum in a tertiary education center. METHODS: Retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study in which the files of all patients with diagnosis of Zenker diverticulum were analyzed from the formation of the upper digestive tract clinic of the General Hospital of Mexico Dr. Eduardo Liceaga. RESULTS: We found 14 cases with diagnosis of Zenker diverticulum, 10 treated with transoral technique and 4 for open surgery. Three recurrences in the transoral technique, no relapse with open technique. In terms of complications, one dental lesion was presented in the technique transoral, and one esophageal fistula in open surgery, managed with a nasojejunal tube placed by endoscopy until the spontaneous closure of said fistula. CONCLUSIONS: Transoral stapling is a technique with good aesthetic results. However, in our experience, it has a greater recurrence than open surgery, which is why we must carry out a long-term follow-up of our patients.

[Totally laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy. First case reported in México]. / Pancreatoduodenectomía totalmente laparoscópica. Primer caso reportado en México.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 48,960 people in the USA will be diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in 2015 and 40,560 will die for this reason; in Mexico, the new cases of pancreatic cancer in 2012 were 4,274, with 4,133 deaths; survival rate at 5 years goes from 1% to15%. Less than 20% of cases were considered resectable at the time of diagnosis. The Whipple procedure is currently the only curative treatment option for periampullary cancers since the first communication by Whipple in 1935, and up until now is a common procedure in several reference centres around the world. In 1994, Gagner reported the first totally laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy. Some groups have currently demonstrated the safety and efficacy of this technique. OBJECTIVE: To report our initial experience with totally laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in the Hospital General de México. CLINICAL CASE: The case concerns a 58 year-old women with jaundice and loss of weight of 3 months onset. Her biopsy reported adenocarcinoma of Váter's ampulla, and as it was considered resectable, she underwent a laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy. CONCLUSIONS: This procedure must be performed in centres with experience in open pancreatic surgery and training in advanced laparoscopic surgery. The main advantages are lower blood loss and shorter hospital stay.

Quiste de colédoco mixto (tipo I y II) asociado a malformación de la unión pancreatobiliar. Descripción de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Mixed choledochal cyst (type I and II) associated with a malformation of the pancreatobiliary junction. A case report and review of the literatura

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Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la acalasia en adultos: resúmen de evidencias y recomendaciones / Diagnosis and treatment of achalasia in adults: evidence and recommendations

Esta guía aborda aspectos relacionados con el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la acalasia en adultos

[Zenker's diverticulum: laser or stapler treatment]. / Divertículo de Zenker. Tratamiento láser o engrapadora.

OBJECTIVE: We undertook this study to report on transoral endoscopic management of Zenker's diverticulum. METHODS: Four patients with Zenker's diverticulum were treated by transoral microendoscopic surgery, two by stapler and two by laser resection. RESULTS: All patients were successfully treated, and no complications were noted. Hospital stay was <24 h in all cases. Patients treated by stapler resumed oral feeding 8 h after surgery and those treated by laser required nasogastric tube feeding. Normal oral intake was achieved 5 days later. CONCLUSIONS: Currently, treatment for Zenker's diverticulum must be done by transoral approach. Technique selection (laser or stapler) depends on surgeon's experience and their access to technology. Both techniques have important advantages when compared to classic open surgery (shorter hospital stay, lower cost, low morbidity and low rate of complications). Open surgery is indicated only when transoral technique is impossible for medical reasons or technical challenges, such as when technological support is not available.

Divertículo de Zenker: tratamiento láser o engrapadora / Zenker's diverticulum: laser or stapler treatment

Objetivo: Mostrar el manejo endoscópico transoral del divertículo de Zenker. Casos clínicos: Cuatro pacientes con divertículo de Zenker fueron sometidos a cirugía microendoscópica transoral, dos con grapeo y dos con resección láser. Resultados: Todos los pacientes fueron tratados exitosamente, ninguno presentó complicaciones, la estancia hospitalaria fue menor a 24 horas. Los pacientes con grapeo reiniciaron la vía oral a las ocho horas, los pacientes con resección láser a los cinco días y requirieron sonda nasoyeyunal. Conclusiones: El tratamiento actual del divertículo de Zenker debe ser transoral, la selección de la técnica (láser o engrapado) depende de la experiencia y la disposición tecnológica. Ambas tienen ventajas importantes sobre la técnica abierta: bajo costo hospitalario, disminución en la estancia hospitalaria, morbilidad y complicaciones). La cirugía abierta está reservada para cuando no sea posible el abordaje transoral por motivos técnicos o médicos.

OBJECTIVE: We undertook this study to report on transoral endoscopic management of Zenker's diverticulum. METHODS: Four patients with Zenker's diverticulum were treated by transoral microendoscopic surgery, two by stapler and two by laser resection. RESULTS: All patients were successfully treated, and no complications were noted. Hospital stay was <24 h in all cases. Patients treated by stapler resumed oral feeding 8 h after surgery and those treated by laser required nasogastric tube feeding. Normal oral intake was achieved 5 days later. CONCLUSIONS: Currently, treatment for Zenker's diverticulum must be done by transoral approach. Technique selection (laser or stapler) depends on surgeon's experience and their access to technology. Both techniques have important advantages when compared to classic open surgery (shorter hospital stay, lower cost, low morbidity and low rate of complications). Open surgery is indicated only when transoral technique is impossible for medical reasons or technical challenges, such as when technological support is not available.