RESUMO
The aim of this study was to describe the trends in tuberculosis (TB) in the Fifth Health Region (RSV) in the Buenos Aires Province. A trend study allowed the evaluation of the average variation of change in the incidence rate (IR) using simple linear regression expressed as a mean annual variation (VAP). The number of reported TB cases and IR per 100 000 population of all TB cases, pulmonary TB (PTB) and bacteriologically confirmed PTB from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2011, were analyzed by age groups: 0-14; 15-29 and over 64 years of age. The decline in IR was less than 5% for all forms of TB and lower for bacteriologically confirmed PTB cases. The highest rate of PTB and IR was concentrated in the age group of 15-29 years with stable or slightly increasing trend of IR in bacteriologically confirmed PTB. There were similar trends for bacteriologically confirmed PTB in children. The fastest decline in PTB IR occurred in 0-14 age group, while for cases over 64 years of age the decline was sustained over time. TB continues to be a health risk in RSV, with cases in younger age groups. Therefore, it remains necessary to strengthen TB control activities in this region.
Assuntos
Notificação de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Argentina/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Geografia Médica , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Estudos Longitudinais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar la situación epidemiológica de la tuberculosis (TB) en la Región Sanitaria V (RSV), provincia de Buenos Aires. El estudio de tendencia permitió conocer un valor promedio de las variaciones de la tasa de incidencia (TI), calculadas por regresión lineal simple y expresadas como variación anual promedio (VAP). Se analizaron el número de casos notificados y TI por 100 000 habitantes de todas las formas de TB, los casos de TB pulmonar (TBP) y TBP confirmados por bacteriología, total casos por grupos de edad: 0 - 14; 15 - 29 y mayores de 64 años, entre el 1° de enero de 2000 al 31 de diciembre de 2011. La declinación de la TI fue menor al 5% para todas las formas de TB e inferior en las TBP confirmadas bacteriológicamente. Los casos de TBP y TI más elevadas, se concentraron en el grupo de 15 a 29 años, con tendencia estable o ligeramente ascendente de la TI en la TBP bacilífera. El mismo comportamiento presentaron los casos de TBP infantil con confirmación bacteriológica. La mayor velocidad de descenso en la TI de la TBP se produjo en este grupo de edad, mientras que en mayores de 64 años, el descenso fue sostenido en el tiempo. La TB persiste como un riesgo de salud en la RSV, con casos en edades jóvenes, por lo que sigue siendo necesario fortalecer el control de la TB en esta región.
The aim of this study was to describe the trends in tuberculosis (TB) in the Fifth Health Region (RSV) in the Buenos Aires Province. A trend study allowed the evaluation of the average variation of change in the incidence rate (IR) using simple linear regression expressed as a mean annual variation (VAP). The number of reported TB cases and IR per 100 000 population of all TB cases, pulmonary TB (PTB) and bacteriologically confirmed PTB from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2011, were analyzed by age groups: 0-14; 15-29 and over 64 years of age. The decline in IR was less than 5% for all forms of TB and lower for bacteriologically confirmed PTB cases. The highest rate of PTB and IR was concentrated in the age group of 15-29 years with stable or slightly increasing trend of IR in bacteriologically confirmed PTB. There were similar trends for bacteriologically confirmed PTB in children. The fastest decline in PTB IR occurred in 0-14 age group, while for cases over 64 years of age the decline was sustained over time. TB continues to be a health risk in RSV, with cases in younger age groups. Therefore, it remains necessary to strengthen TB control activities in this region.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Notificação de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Geografia Médica , Incidência , Estudos LongitudinaisRESUMO
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar la situación epidemiológica de la tuberculosis (TB) en la Región Sanitaria V (RSV), provincia de Buenos Aires. El estudio de tendencia permitió conocer un valor promedio de las variaciones de la tasa de incidencia (TI), calculadas por regresión lineal simple y expresadas como variación anual promedio (VAP). Se analizaron el número de casos notificados y TI por 100 000 habitantes de todas las formas de TB, los casos de TB pulmonar (TBP) y TBP confirmados por bacteriología, total casos por grupos de edad: 0 - 14; 15 - 29 y mayores de 64 años, entre el 1° de enero de 2000 al 31 de diciembre de 2011. La declinación de la TI fue menor al 5% para todas las formas de TB e inferior en las TBP confirmadas bacteriológicamente. Los casos de TBP y TI más elevadas, se concentraron en el grupo de 15 a 29 años, con tendencia estable o ligeramente ascendente de la TI en la TBP bacilífera. El mismo comportamiento presentaron los casos de TBP infantil con confirmación bacteriológica. La mayor velocidad de descenso en la TI de la TBP se produjo en este grupo de edad, mientras que en mayores de 64 años, el descenso fue sostenido en el tiempo. La TB persiste como un riesgo de salud en la RSV, con casos en edades jóvenes, por lo que sigue siendo necesario fortalecer el control de la TB en esta región.(AU)
The aim of this study was to describe the trends in tuberculosis (TB) in the Fifth Health Region (RSV) in the Buenos Aires Province. A trend study allowed the evaluation of the average variation of change in the incidence rate (IR) using simple linear regression expressed as a mean annual variation (VAP). The number of reported TB cases and IR per 100 000 population of all TB cases, pulmonary TB (PTB) and bacteriologically confirmed PTB from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2011, were analyzed by age groups: 0-14; 15-29 and over 64 years of age. The decline in IR was less than 5% for all forms of TB and lower for bacteriologically confirmed PTB cases. The highest rate of PTB and IR was concentrated in the age group of 15-29 years with stable or slightly increasing trend of IR in bacteriologically confirmed PTB. There were similar trends for bacteriologically confirmed PTB in children. The fastest decline in PTB IR occurred in 0-14 age group, while for cases over 64 years of age the decline was sustained over time. TB continues to be a health risk in RSV, with cases in younger age groups. Therefore, it remains necessary to strengthen TB control activities in this region.(AU)
RESUMO
The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiologic impact produced by Direct Observed Treatment Strategy (DOTS) application regarding to its success in the 51h Sanitary Region during the year 2 003. The cure was evaluated by a cohort study comparing two groups. Group 1: Districts in which DOTS were applied in 65% or more TB patients; group 2: Districts applying DOTS in 64% or less, or without its implementation. The global mortality was analyzed on HIV (-) as well as on HIV (+) patients in both groups. In Municipalities where DOTS strategy was applied in >65% of notified cases, the treatment success was 85.7%; the cure rate of bacteriological confirmed pulmonary disease was 86.2% and non-adherence was proved in 8.8% of cases. When DOTS was applied in equal or less than 64% of the cases, the global cure reached 67.6%; in confirmed pulmonary disease it was 68.1%, and non-adherence was proved in 21.8% of cases. Global mortality due to TB was 5.2%; 22.3% in HIV (+) and 4.1% in HIV (-). While In group 1, the cure rate of co-infected TB/HIV patients was 55.2%, non-adherence was 6.9%, in group 2 these figures were 46.4% and 19.7% respectively. Mortality rate in HIV (+) patients was 31.0% in group 1, and 16.1% in group 2. These results show that DOTS application proved to be an efficient tool to cure most of the patients, reaching the proposed goal of 85%, therefore reducing the risk of illness in the community.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/tratamento farmacológico , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Terapia Diretamente Observada/normas , Infecções por HIV/microbiologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/microbiologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/mortalidade , Argentina/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Humanos , Recusa em Tratar , Resultado do Tratamento , Tuberculose Pulmonar/mortalidade , Tuberculose Pulmonar/prevenção & controleRESUMO
El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el impacto epidemiológico producido por la aplicación de la estrategia del tratamiento para tuberculosis (TB) de corta duración y directamente observado (DOTS), y su correlación con el éxito en la Región Sanitaria V, durante el año 2003. Se evaluó la curación comparando dos grupos de estudio. Grupo 1: municipios con 65% o más de los casos con DOTS, y Grupo 2: con 64% o menos de los pacientes bajo esta estrategia o sin su aplicación. Se analizó la letalidad global y de pacientes HIV (+) en ambos grupos. En el grupo 1 el éxito del tratamiento fue 85.7%, con curación en las formas pulmonares confirmadas de 86.2% y abandono de 8.8%. En el grupo 2 la curación alcanzó el 67.6%, en pulmonares confirmados 68.1% y el abandono de 21.8%. La letalidad global fue 5.2%, en pacientes HIV (+) 22.3% y en los HIV (-) 4.1%. La curación en TB/HIV en el grupo 1 fue 55.2%, con abandono de 6.9%; en el grupo 2 curó el 46.4% y abandonó el 19.7%. El 31.0% de pacientes HIV (+) fallecieron en el grupo 1 y 16.1% en el grupo 2. La implementación del DOTS, permitió alcanzar la meta de curar el 85% de los casos, probando ser una herramienta eficaz, capaz de garantizar la curación de la mayoría de los pacientes y reducir el riesgo de enfermar de la comunidad.(AU)
The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiologic impact produced by Direct Observed Treatment Strategy (DOTS) application regarding to its success in the 5th Sanitary Region during the year 2 003. The cure was evaluated by a cohort study comparing two groups. Group 1: Districts in which DOTS were applied in 65% or more TB patients; group 2: Districts applying DOTS in 64% or less, or without its implementation. The global mortality was analyzed on HIV (-) as well as on HIV (+) patients in both groups. In Municipalities where DOTS strategy was applied in >65% of notified cases, the treatment success was 85.7%; the cure rate of bacteriological confirmed pulmonary disease was 86.2% and non-adherence was proved in 8.8% of cases. When DOTS was applied in equal or less than 64% of the cases, the global cure reached 67.6%; in confirmed pulmonary disease it was 68.1%, and non-adherence was proved in 21.8% of cases. Global mortality due to TB was 5.2%; 22.3% in HIV (+) and 4.1% in HIV (-). While In group 1, the cure rate of co-infected TB/HIV patients was 55.2%, non-adherence was 6.9%, in group 2 these figures were 46.4% and 19.7% respectively. Mortality rate in HIV (+) patients was 31.0% in group 1, and 16.1% in group 2. These results show that DOTS application proved to be an efficient tool to cure most of the patients, reaching the proposed goal of 85%, therefore reducing the risk of illness in the community.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções por HIV/microbiologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia Diretamente Observada/normas , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/mortalidade , Tuberculose Pulmonar/prevenção & controle , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/microbiologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/mortalidade , Argentina/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Resultado do Tratamento , Recusa em Tratar , Organização Mundial da SaúdeRESUMO
El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el impacto epidemiológico producido por la aplicación de la estrategia del tratamiento para tuberculosis (TB) de corta duración y directamente observado (DOTS), y su correlación con el éxito en la Región Sanitaria V, durante el año 2003. Se evaluó la curación comparando dos grupos de estudio. Grupo 1: municipios con 65% o más de los casos con DOTS, y Grupo 2: con 64% o menos de los pacientes bajo esta estrategia o sin su aplicación. Se analizó la letalidad global y de pacientes HIV (+) en ambos grupos. En el grupo 1 el éxito del tratamiento fue 85.7%, con curación en las formas pulmonares confirmadas de 86.2% y abandono de 8.8%. En el grupo 2 la curación alcanzó el 67.6%, en pulmonares confirmados 68.1% y el abandono de 21.8%. La letalidad global fue 5.2%, en pacientes HIV (+) 22.3% y en los HIV (-) 4.1%. La curación en TB/HIV en el grupo 1 fue 55.2%, con abandono de 6.9%; en el grupo 2 curó el 46.4% y abandonó el 19.7%. El 31.0% de pacientes HIV (+) fallecieron en el grupo 1 y 16.1% en el grupo 2. La implementación del DOTS, permitió alcanzar la meta de curar el 85% de los casos, probando ser una herramienta eficaz, capaz de garantizar la curación de la mayoría de los pacientes y reducir el riesgo de enfermar de la comunidad.
The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiologic impact produced by Direct Observed Treatment Strategy (DOTS) application regarding to its success in the 5th Sanitary Region during the year 2 003. The cure was evaluated by a cohort study comparing two groups. Group 1: Districts in which DOTS were applied in 65% or more TB patients; group 2: Districts applying DOTS in 64% or less, or without its implementation. The global mortality was analyzed on HIV (-) as well as on HIV (+) patients in both groups. In Municipalities where DOTS strategy was applied in >65% of notified cases, the treatment success was 85.7%; the cure rate of bacteriological confirmed pulmonary disease was 86.2% and non-adherence was proved in 8.8% of cases. When DOTS was applied in equal or less than 64% of the cases, the global cure reached 67.6%; in confirmed pulmonary disease it was 68.1%, and non-adherence was proved in 21.8% of cases. Global mortality due to TB was 5.2%; 22.3% in HIV (+) and 4.1% in HIV (-). While In group 1, the cure rate of co-infected TB/HIV patients was 55.2%, non-adherence was 6.9%, in group 2 these figures were 46.4% and 19.7% respectively. Mortality rate in HIV (+) patients was 31.0% in group 1, and 16.1% in group 2. These results show that DOTS application proved to be an efficient tool to cure most of the patients, reaching the proposed goal of 85%, therefore reducing the risk of illness in the community.