Fatores associados a não adesão medicamentosa entre idosos de um ambulatório filantrópico do Espírito Santo / Pharmacological non-adherence therapy and associated factors among elderly from a philanthropic outpatient unit of Espírito Santo state, Brazil

OBJETIVOS: Estimar a frequência da não adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso entre idosos acompanhados ambulatorialmente, bem como analisar seus fatores associados. METODOLOGIA: Foi conduzido estudo transversal com 263 idosos atendidos no ambulatório de especialidades médicas de um hospital filantrópico, localizado no município de Vitória-ES. Foi realizada entrevista utilizando roteiro estruturado em três blocos que contemplavam questões sociodemográficas, condições de saúde e estilo de vida e medicamentos em uso. Para verificar a não adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso, foi aplicado o instrumento de Medida de Adesão Terapêutica (MAT). Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste Qui-quadrado para variáveis categóricas. Foram consideradas significativas as variáveis com valor de p<0,05 no modelo final de regressão múltipla de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram uma frequência de não adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso de 26,7% da amostra. A não adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso nessa população se mostrou positivamente associada à ausência de vínculo empregatício anterior a aposentadoria (RP=1,12; p<0,010); presença de declínio cognitivo (RP=1,13; p<0,010) e hábitos alimentares inadequados (RP=1,12; p<0,005). CONCLUSÃO: Com o estudo, foi possível identificar os fatores associados à não adesão medicamentosa nos idosos investigados e assim contribuir para o conhecimento do perfil sociodemográfico, condições de saúde e estilo de vida e características relacionadas à utilização de medicamentos por parte dessa população.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the non-adherence frequency of drug treatment among elderly outpatients and to analyze associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 263 elderly patients from the medical specialties outpatient of a philanthropic hospital, located in the city of Vitoria, Espirito Santo state, Brazil. Interview was conducted using a structured script in three blocks that contemplated sociodemographic, health and lifestyle and medications used. To check the non-adherence to drug treatment, Measurement of Treatment Adherence (MTA) was applied. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test for categorical variables. The variables with p<0.05 in the final model of multiple Poisson regression were considered significant. RESULTS: The results showed a frequency of non-adherence to drug treatment in 26.7% of the sample. Non-adherence to drug treatment in this population was positively associated with lack of employment prior to retirement (PR=1.12; p<0.010); the presence of cognitive decline (PR=1.13; p<0.010) and poor eating habits (PR=1.12; p<0.005). CONCLUSION: With this study, it was possible to identify the factors associated with non-adherence to drug treatment in the investigated elderly and thus contribute to the knowledge of the socio-demographic profile, health and lifestyle and characteristics related to the use of drugs by this population.

Active and sedentary behaviours in children aged 7 to 10 years old: the urban and rural contexts, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Although the effects of physical activity (PA) on health and wellness are well-established, incorporating sedentary behaviours in the daily lives of populations from high- and medium-income countries is becoming increasingly common. Regardless of other factors, the area of residence can influence the physical activity level and sedentary behaviours. The aim of this study was to identify and analyse active and sedentary behaviours and factors associated with physical activity in two different geographical areas in south-eastern Brazil. METHODS: 1.770 schoolchildren aged 7-10 years old were studied. Parents or caregivers completed a validated questionnaire on PA and sedentary behaviours. Screen time (ST) was calculated from the time spent watching television, playing video games and using the computer. The level of active PA (>300 minutes per week) was identified and compared between the areas of study. Parametric and non-parametric tests and Poisson regression model with robust variance were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Compared to schoolchildren from the urban area, those from the rural area showed a higher percentage of compliance with the PA recommendations (87 vs. 69.7%) and screen time <2 h (34.8 vs. 18.8%) and less participation in supervised PA. Active commuting to school was more common among schoolchildren from urban areas, although using a bicycle was more common in rural areas. The characteristics of children who do not meet the recommended weekly PA are as follows: being female, living in urban areas, being overweight, not using video games or performing supervised PA. Total ST as well as daily use of television and the computer was not associated with physical activity level in the present sample. Participation in supervised physical activities in both areas was found to increase the prevalence of being active in the areas studied. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study suggest that while schoolchildren from rural areas are more active and spend less time on sedentary activities than those from the urban area, the time spent in sedentary behaviors, such as watching television, playing video games and using the computer, is high in both contexts, and it is not associated with physical activity recommendation compliance.