RESUMO
To be commercialized and grown in the US, genetically engineered (GE) crops typically go through an extensive food, feed, and environmental safety assessment process which, in certain instances, requires complex consultations with three different US regulatory agencies. Many small market, niche, and specialty crops have been genetically engineered using the modern tools of recombinant DNA but few have been commercialized due to real or perceived regulatory constraints. This workshop discussed the practical aspects of developing dossiers on GE specialty, niche, or small-market crops/products for submission to US regulatory agencies. This workshop focused on actual case studies, and provided an opportunity for public or private sector scientists and crop developers to spend time with regulatory officials to learn the specifics of compiling a dossier for regulatory approval. The objective of the workshop was to explain and demystify data requirements and regulatory dossier compilation by small companies, academics, and other developers.
Assuntos
Produtos Agrícolas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Indústria Alimentícia/legislação & jurisprudência , Engenharia Genética/legislação & jurisprudência , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Citrus/genética , Citrus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Congressos como Assunto , Resistência à Doença , Gossypium/genética , Gossypium/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Gossypium/metabolismo , Gossipol/metabolismo , Solanum tuberosum/genética , Solanum tuberosum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Estados Unidos , United States Department of Agriculture , United States Environmental Protection AgencyRESUMO
The imprints of domestication and breed development on the genomes of livestock likely differ from those of companion animals. A deep draft sequence assembly of shotgun reads from a single Hereford female and comparative sequences sampled from six additional breeds were used to develop probes to interrogate 37,470 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 497 cattle from 19 geographically and biologically diverse breeds. These data show that cattle have undergone a rapid recent decrease in effective population size from a very large ancestral population, possibly due to bottlenecks associated with domestication, selection, and breed formation. Domestication and artificial selection appear to have left detectable signatures of selection within the cattle genome, yet the current levels of diversity within breeds are at least as great as exists within humans.
