[Use of general anesthesia during fiber colonoscopy in cancer patients]. / Ispol'zovanie obshchei anestezii pri fibrokolonoskopii u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

The evidence on the attitude of 60 cancer out-patients to fibrocolonoscopy carried out under general anesthesia was evaluated versus different procedures of intravenous injection. Most patients were scared prior to examination; 83.3% felt sleepy during the procedure while 85% of those anesthetized wouldn't mind receiving narcosis for repeat examination. Propofol (diprivan) alone showed an advantage over midazolam (dormicum) in being more tolerable and cutting stay at hospital by a third. Ketamin proved undesirable due to psychomimetic effects and delayed regaining of consciousness.

[Anesthesiological care of fiber colonoscopy in cancer patients]. / Anesteziologicheskoe obespechenie fibrokolonoskopii u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Various methods of total anesthesia for colonoscopy in cancer patients, carried out in a outpatient setting, are compared. Diprivane and dormicum were used as monoanesthesia and in combinations with ketamine and fentanyl. Diprivane anesthesia was the optimal as regards the velocity of recovery of psychophysiological functions. Ketamine was acknowledged inefficient because of long awakening and psychotic effects.

[The use of Oxadol in tablet form for the treatment of chronic pain syndrome in late-stage cancer patients]. / Primenenie tabletirovannogo oksadola dlia lecheniia khronicheskogo bolevogo sindroma u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh pozdnikh stadii zabolevaniia.

Chronic pain management with tablets of oxadol, a non-narcotic central-action analgetic, was studied in 30 patients, focusing on combinations with "basic" drugs of the opiate and opioid group. Combined administration of tramal and oxadol for moderate pain relief raised the analgesic effect and improved certain parameters of quality of life. Possible side-effects and indications in cases of well-advanced tumor were established.

[Postoperative oxadol analgesia in oncologic patients]. / Posleoperatsionnoe obezbolivanie oksadolom u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Oxadol (nefopam hydrochloride), a central analgesic, was used for postoperative pain relief in patients operated on the abdominal and pelvic organs for cancer. The analgesic effect of oxadol was sufficient for arresting moderate postoperative pain. Although the drug exerts rather many side effects, none of them notably deteriorated the clinical status of patients.

[Current principles and methods of radical therapy for locally extensive esophageal and gastroesophageal cancer]. / Sovremennye printsipy i metody radikal'nogo lecheniia mectorasprostranennogo raka pishchevoda i kardioèzofageal'noi zony.

The results of radical surgical and combined treatment of 124 cases of esophageal and cardioesphageal tumors are presented. Extensive local disease (stage III, T2-4N0-2M0) was diagnosed in 113 patients (91.1%). Esophagoectomy with transmediastinal esophagogastroplasty and cervical esophagostomy proved most useful for esophageal tumor, while extensive surgery after Lewis in combination with extirpation or proximal resection of the stomach--for proximal gastric disease involving the esophagus. Combined surgery with resection of adjacent organs was carried out in 50%. Post-operative mortality rates were reduced to 7.1% due to application of effective surgical, anesthetic and intensive care procedures. The 3-year survival rate was 26.5%. Prognosis improved significantly when radiation was used prior to dissection of lymph nodes.

[Anesthesiological provisions in ambulatory dentistry]. / Anesteziologicheskoe obespechenie v ambulatornoi stomatologicheskoi praktike.

Ten methods of intravenous anesthesia for dental treatment were used in 6504 patients in an outpatient setting. Drug doses were assessed in 504 patients and complications caused by anesthesia analyzed. Intravenous anesthesia with combinations of diprivan, diazepam (relanium), calipsol, and tramal is preferable. The most prevalent complication of anesthesia which requires special treatment is aseptic postinjection phlebitis, most incident after sombrevin.

[The use of transcranial electrostimulation for pain relief in cancer patients]. / Primenenie transkranial'noi èlektrostimuliatsii v analgeticheskom rezhime u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

The report discusses whether transcranial electrostimulation in cancer patients can be accepted. A number of tumors were inhibited in an experiment using 120 rats. The procedure used in 80 cancer patients was followed by favorable changes in the concentration of several hormones. The antinociceptive action of electrostimulation is similar to that of narcotic analgetics.

[Rational support of combined operations in locally disseminated stomach cancer]. / Ratsional'noe obespechenie kombinirovannykh operatsii pri mestno-rasprostranennom rake zheludka.

An analysis of results of 315 combined operations for gastric cancer with the T3 and T4 degrees of invasion has shown that the rational multicomponent surgical, anesthesiological and therapeutic maintenance of surgical interventions for gastric cancer is the main factor responsible for the outcome of the treatment. The proposed scheme of the multicomponent rational maintenance of the combined surgical interventions allowed to reduce frequency of cardiopulmonary complications to 18.2%, pyoseptic complications to 7% and postoperative lethality to 13.2%.

[One-step transpleural or transmediastinal esophagogastroplasty in resection of the esophagus for cancer]. / Odnomomentnaia transplevral'naia ili transmediastinal'naia ézofagogastroplastika pri

An experience with 139 radical one-step surgeries for esophagus cancer using transpleural or transmediastinal plasty with a gastric tube is presented. This type of surgery is a method of choice for malignant tumours of the esophagus since it provides the best radical operation and good functional results. The standardized approach to the anesthesiological maintenance of these surgeries and to postoperative intensive therapy is substantiated. The total postoperative mortality made up 26.2%; mortality from surgical complications-20.9%; 3-years survival was 24.5%; 102 patients (73.3%) were discharged from the clinic with good functional results.

[Hyperbaric oxygenation--a method that improves the quality of life for cancer patients in the process of surgical and combined therapy]. / Giperbaricheskaia oksigenatsiia--metod, uluchshaiushchii kachestvo zhizni onkologicheskikh bol'nykh v protsesse khirurgicheskogo i kombinirovannogo lecheniia.

The feasibility and advantages of application of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO)-assisted polychemotherapy have been demonstrated. A procedure for treatment of lymphorrhea following breast surgery has been developed. The therapeutic effect of HBO procedures in postoperative cases of enteroparesis, wound infection and posthemorrhagic anemia has been demonstrated.

[Use of lithium oxybutyrate for improving results in the early post-operative period in lung cancer patients]. / Primenenie litiia oksibutirata dlia optimizatsii rannego posleoperatsionnogo perioda u bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

Application of antihypoxant drugs in postoperative period has been investigated. Lithium oxybutyrate was administered to 30 lung cancer patients before and shortly after operation. The results were compared with the data on 26 patients in control. Major characteristics, and, primarily, its antihypoxic protective effect have been evaluated. Lithium oxybutyrate administration is recommended in lung cancer patients during and shortly after surgery.

[Age-related changes in the reaction of the adrenal cortex to surgical stress in cancer patients]. / Vozrastnye izmeneniia reaktsii kory nadpochechnikov na operatsionnyi stress u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

11-Oxycorticosteroids levels were determined in 371 patients with breast, stomach and rectal cancer in the process of surgical treatment. More pronounced reaction of the adrenal cortex to surgical stress and/or time-delayed restoration of the hormone level within the next few days were found in older patients. Resistance to inhibition by dexamethasone in stomach cancer patients was accompanied by elevated cortisol levels during operation. It is concluded that age-related decrease in hypothalamo-pituitary complex sensitivity to inhibition by corticosteroids may be a cause of hypercortisolemia in the course of surgery.

[Hemostasis and T-cell immunity in lung cancer patients]. / Gemostaz i T-kletochnyi immunitet u bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

Complex examination of hemostatic system and T-cell-mediated immunity in 19 cases of stage II-IV lung cancer showed an increased activity of blood coagulation system to be associated with a decrease in OKT3+, OKT11+ and OKT4+ T-lymphocyte subsets levels. A reverse correlation was established between plasma--Willebrand's factor level and those of OKTè+ and OKT8+ lymphocytes whereas a direct one--between blood-platelet aggregate level and that of OKT4+. The data obtained emphasized the need to consider the status of hemostatic system when evaluating the function of cell-mediated immunity.

[Complex radionuclide diagnosis of phlebothromboses in patients with cancer of the corpus uteri]. / Kompleksnaia radionuklidnaia diagnostika flebotrombozov u bol'nykh rakom tela matki.

The data on a complex radionuclide examination of veins of lower extremities carried out in the course of diagnosis of phlebothrombosis in cases of cancer of cervix uteri are presented. Radionuclide measurements with 125I-fibrinogen were carried out for diagnosis of venous thrombosis in lower extremities in 38 surgical patients and the signs of thrombosis were identified in 8 cases (21.1%). Phleboscintigraphy using 99mTc-labeled MAA was performed in 18 patients in order to preoperatively evaluate the status of deep veins of the lower extremities. In cases of symptoms of venous disease, phleboscintigrams showed such pathological features as construction or dilation of veins, foci of accumulated 99mTc-labeled MAA and collateral blood flow.

[Status of T-system immunity in patients with chronic diseases and cancer of the gastrointestinal tract]. / Sostoianie T-sistemy immuniteta u bol'nykh khronicheskimi zabolevaniiami i rakom zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta.

The study was concerned with the immunity status of the cellular system in cancer patients and cases of chronic gastrointestinal diseases. The investigation used both standard procedure of spontaneous rosette formation and its modifications which provide indirect evidence on the status of separate subpopulations of immunocompetent cells. A reduced level of lymphocytes which form rosettes with ovine erythrocytes was found in cases of chronic diseases. Patients with gastrointestinal cancer revealed altered ratios of separate subpopulations of T-lymphocytes.

[Blood prolactin level of breast and endometrial cancer patients during surgical intervention]. / Uroven' prolaktina krovi u bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy i éndometriia vo vremia khirurgicheskogo vmeshatel'stva.

Abundant experimental data suggest the potentiating influence of hyperprolactinemia on the development, progression and dissemination of breast cancer, whereas hypophysectomy, immunologically- and pharmacologically-induced inhibition of prolactin has an antitumor effect. Moreover, hyperprolactinemia is caused by any kind of stress (surgical one included) as well as phenothiazine and butyrophenone treatment for neuroleptanalgesia. These findings encouraged intraoperative radioimmunologic assays of blood-prolactin levels in endometrial and breast cancer patients. The advantages offered by treatment with specific inhibitors of prolactin secretion aimed at reducing hyperprolactinemia on the day of surgery are discussed.

[Effect of anesthesia on a neoplastic process in an experiment]. / Vliianie narkoza na opukholevyi protsess v éksperimente.

The modifying influence of anaestesia on tumourigenic process (its stimulative or inhibitory effect upon tumour and metastasis growth) was established. It may occur indirectly, i.e. through endocrine link of the host-tumour system, and due to cytostatic effect of the anaesthetic drug (fluothane in particular).

[Effect of gamma therapy on liver function in the combined treatment of cancer of the cardia and esophagus]. / Vliianie gamma-terapii na funktsional'noe sostoianie pecheni pri kombinirovannom lechenii bol'nykh rakom kardii i pishchevoda.

The effects of preoperative gamma-therapy and gastrostomy performed in Dobromyslov-Torek's operation on the function of the liver were studied by histological and histochemical examination of material obtained in biopsy of liver and biochemical assays of blood in a study group including 40 patients with cardial cancer and 9 cases of esophageal tumor. It was shown that both preoperative irradiation and gastrostomy-mediated nutrition cause pronounced morphological lesions of liver tissue. Although biochemical indices remain within norm, the compensatory capability of liver in such patients is lower than in unexposed ones.