LONG-TERM USE OF GLUCOCORTICOID MODULATED PARATHYROID HORMONE LEVELS IN OSTEOPOROSIS PATIENTS.

Glucocorticoids are drugs that are often used in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Their anti-inflammatory action is often utilized to treat a variety of diseases. A range of undesirable outcomes might occur with long-term glucocorticoid use, particularly long-term high-dose applications. This study designs as a case-control study, which was conducted in the Joint Enology Clinic/Al-Hilla Teaching Hospital, Al-Imam Al-Sadiq Hospital, and Merjan Teaching Hospital in Hilla City, Babylon Governorate of Iraq. This study was carried out between December 2022 to March 2023. In this study, the total number of subjects was 100; the patient group consisted of 50 with osteoporosis (19 males and 31 females). Patients and control group's ages were (41-50 years). They were selected as matched in terms of gender and age. The results referred to the increased levels, of parathyroid hormone in osteoporosis patients with highly significant differences (P≤0.0001) when compared with the control group, while there was a significant decrease in calcium in the patient group (P≤0.0001) when compared with the control group. In conclusion, the parathyroid hormone has a beneficial association to indicate bone mineralization status. Parathyroid hormone could be used as a prognostic marker in individuals with long-term use of glucocorticoid to predict the development of bone mineral disease.

Homocysteine uptake by human umbilical vein endothelial cells in culture.

The characteristics of the uptake of L-homocysteine by cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells have been examined. Uptake occurred by Na(+)-dependent and Na(+)-independent systems, but was essentially independent of the pH of the uptake medium. The Na(+)-independent system corresponded to system L, being totally inhibited by the presence of beta-2-aminobicyclo(2,2,1)heptane-2-carboxylic acid (BCH) a system L analogue. It was concluded on the basis of starvation experiments coupled with failure to detect any inhibition in the presence of 2-methylaminoisobutyric acid (MeAIB), a system A analogue, that the Na(+)-dependent uptake was wholly accounted for by system ASC. The kinetic properties of systems L and ASC were determined by omitting Na+ from the uptake medium and incorporating BCH in the medium, respectively. It has been concluded on the basis of the inhibitory effects of a number of amino acids that uptake of homocysteine occurs by those systems which transport cysteine.

Transport of L-cystine in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in culture.

The uptake of L-cystine into cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells has been shown to occur by a Na+-independent system which is inhibited by L-glutamate and L-homocysteine, but not by other amino acids. It is likely that the system transporting L-cystine is shared by L-glutamate. Thiol groups associated with membrane bound components appear to be essential for L-cystine uptake but it is not yet evident whether these constitute an integral part of the transporter per se.