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1.
Public Health Action ; 5(2): 147-9, 2015 Jun 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26400387

RESUMO

SETTING: The three Basic Management Units (BMUs) of the National Tuberculosis Programme (NTP) in Cotonou, Benin. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among tuberculosis (TB) patients in Cotonou. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of consecutively registered TB patients treated for a minimum of 2 weeks between June and July 2014 in the three BMUs, with measurement of their fasting blood glucose (FBG). A patient was considered as having DM if venous FBG was ⩾7 mmol/l or if they reported a known history of DM. RESULT: There were 159 patients assessed: 114 with new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), 5 with new smear-negative PTB, 8 with extra-pulmonary TB, 21 retreatment patients with fully susceptible bacilli and 11 with multidrug-resistant TB. Of these, respectively 31 (19%), 18 (11%) and 10 (6%) were human immunodeficiency virus co-infected, smokers and hypertensive. Eight patients (5%) had impaired fasting glucose and three (1.9%) had DM (FBG ⩾ 7 mmol/l), of whom two were already known to have the disease and one was newly diagnosed. CONCLUSION: DM may not be an important risk factor for TB in Cotonou. A larger study on TB and DM in the whole country is needed.


Cadre : Les trois Centres de Dépistage et de Traitement de la Tuberculose (TB) de Cotonou, Bénin.Objectif : Déterminer la prévalence du diabète sucré (DM) parmi les patients tuberculeux à Cotonou.Méthode : Etude transversale avec enrôlement successif de tous les patients tuberculeux traités depuis au moins 2 semaines entre juin et juillet 2014, et mesure de leur glycémie à jeun. Le diagnostic de DM était retenu sur la base d'une glycémie veineuse à jeun ⩾ 7 mmol/l ou d'un antécédent de DM rapporté par le patient.Résultat : Au total, 159 patients étaient inclus : 114 nouveaux cas de TB pulmonaire à microscopie positive, 5 nouveaux cas de TB pulmonaire à microscopie négative, 8 cas de TB extrapulmonaire, 21 cas de retraitement à germes sensibles et 11 cas de TB multirésistante. D'eux, respectivement 31 (19%), 18 (11%) et 10 (6%) étaient co-infectés, fumeurs et hypertendus. Il y avait huit patients (5%) intolérants au glucose et trois (1.9%) diabétiques, dont un nouvellement diagnostiqué.Conclusion : A Cotonou, le DM ne semble pas être un facteur de risque majeur de développement d'une TB-maladie. Une étude à l'échelle nationale s'avère nécessaire pour cerner l'ampleur de cette affection parmi les tuberculeux dans tout le pays.


Marco de referencia: Las tres Unidades Básicas de Tratamiento en el Programa Nacional contra la Tuberculosis de Beni, en Cotonou.Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de diabetes (DM) en los pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis (TB) en Cotonou.Método: Fue este un estudio transversal de los pacientes registrados de manera consecutiva y que recibieron tratamiento como mínimo durante 2 semanas, de junio a julio del 2014, en las Unidades Básicas de Tratamiento, a quienes se practicó una glucemia plasmática en ayunas. Se definió el diagnóstico de DM como una glucemia en ayunas ⩾ 126 mg/dl (o 7 mmol/l) o la referencia por el paciente de un diagnóstico conocido de DM.Resultados: Se evaluaron 159 pacientes, de los cuales 114 casos nuevos de TB pulmonar con baciloscopia positiva, 5 casos con baciloscopia negativa, 8 casos de TB extrapulmonar, 21 casos en retratamiento antituberculoso con bacilos normosensibles y 11 casos de TB multidrogorresistente. De estos pacientes, 31 presentaron coinfección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (19%), 18 eran fumadores (11%) y 10 eran hipertensos (6%). Se detectaron ocho pacientes con una glucemia basal alterada (5%) y tres con DM (1,9%), de los cuales dos ya conocían el diagnóstico.Conclusión: Al parecer la DM no constituye un factor mayor de riesgo de contraer la TB en Cotonou. Es necesario llevar a cabo un estudio más amplio a escala nacional sobre ambas enfermedades.

2.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis ; 13(3): 317-22, 2009 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19275790

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To assess the diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Cotonou, Benin, and the risk factors associated with clustering. METHODS: We analysed one sputum sample from 194 consecutive new pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases using two genotyping methods: spoligotyping and the 12 loci mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number of tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR). The data obtained were compared to the SpolDB4.0 database. RESULTS: We have found that spoligotype 61, highly predominant in West Africa, was also the most prevalent strain in Cotonou. We observed that the Beijing family represented 10.3% of strains and was associated with resistance to streptomycin. We also confirmed that combining spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR provided a higher discriminatory power than the two techniques used individually. CONCLUSION: Spoligotype 61 and Beijing genotype are the most prevalent genotypes of M. tuberculosis in Cotonou.


Assuntos
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolamento & purificação , Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Benin/epidemiologia , Impressões Digitais de DNA , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Bacteriano/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Variação Genética , Humanos , Sequências Repetitivas Dispersas , Masculino , Repetições Minissatélites , Especificidade da Espécie , Escarro/microbiologia
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