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1.
Arch Esp Urol ; 70(7): 635-644, 2017 Sep.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28891795

RESUMO

Bladder hyperactivity is described as the presence of "voiding urgency, generally associated with increased daytime frequency and nocturia, with or without urinary incontinence, in the absence of urinary tract infection or other obvious pathology". Onabotulinum toxin A (BTA) is a recommendable therapeutic option in case of failure, contraindication or refusal of the conservative therapy or other non-pharmacological therapies. The injection of BTA in the detrusor has been performed under local, regional or general anesthesia either in the conventional or major ambulatory surgery operative room or in the cystoscopy room. The objective of this paper is to describe the procedure to perform BTA therapy as an ambulatory operation under intravesical local anesthesia in the cystoscopy room, describing its advantages and limitations.


Assuntos
Anestesia Local , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/administração & dosagem , Bexiga Urinária Hiperativa/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Intravesical , Assistência Ambulatorial , Humanos , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto
2.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 70(7): 635-644, sept. 2017. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-167019

RESUMO

El síndrome de hiperactividad vesical se define como la presencia de "urgencia miccional, habitualmente asociada a una frecuencia miccional diurna aumentada y nicturia, con o sin incontinencia urinaria, en ausencia de infección del tracto urinario u otra patología obvia", la OnanobotulinumtoxinA es una alternativa recomendable en caso de fracaso, intolerancia, contraindicación o rechazo del tratamiento conservador u otras alternativas terapéuticas no farmacológicas. La aplicación de TBA en detrusor se ha realizado bajo anestesia local, regional o general y como procedimiento en el quirófano convencional, quirófano de cirugía mayor ambulatoria o en sala de cistoscopias. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el procedimiento para realizar el tratamiento con TBA de forma ambulante con anestesia local intravesical en la sala de cistoscopias, describiendo sus ventajas y limitaciones


Bladder hyperactivity is described as the presence of "voiding urgency, generally associated with increased daytime frequency and nocturia, with or without urinary incontinence, in the absence of urinary tract infection or other obvious pathology". Onabo-tulinum toxin A (BTA) is a recommendable therapeutic option in case of failure, contraindication or refusal of the conservative therapy or other non-pharmacological therapies. The injection of BTA in the detrusor has been performed under local, regional or general anesthesia either in the conventional or major ambulatory surgery operative room or in the cystoscopy room. The objective of this paper is to describe the procedure to perform BTA therapy as an ambulatory operation under intravesical local anesthesia in the cystoscopy room, describing its advantages and limitations


Assuntos
Humanos , Toxinas Botulínicas/uso terapêutico , Bexiga Urinária Hiperativa/terapia , Administração Intravesical , Anestesia Local/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios/métodos , Cistoscopia/métodos
3.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 69(8): 571-582, oct. 2016. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-156802

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Las complicaciones urológicos mayores, fístulas y estenosis, afectan principalmente a la anastomosis vesico-ureteral y se presentan en el periodo temprano post-trasplante (TR). El empleo sistemático de catéteres ureterales continúa siendo controvertido con muchos grupos utilizándolos sólo de forma selectiva en función de la existencia de factores de riesgo pretrasplante o intraoperatorios. MÉTODOS: Se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura mediante la búsqueda automatizada en las bases de datos bibliográficas Medline como fuente bibliográfica principal y en Clinical Key. La estrategia de búsqueda incluyó los siguientes términos: 'stent' AND 'kidney transplantation'. RESULTADOS: La revisión de la literatura puso de manifiesto el efecto protector del empleo de catéteres ureterales en la ureteroneocistostomía del TR tanto para el desarrollo de fístulas (RR 0,29, 0,12 a 0,74, p=0,009) como de estenosis (RR 0,27, 0,09 a 0,81, p=0,02). El empleo de catéteres en pacientes inmunodeprimidos se asoció a un incremento significativo en la incidencia de ITUs post-TR (RR 1,49 IC 95% 1,04 a 2,15, p=0,03) que fue prevenida por la profilaxis antibiótica dirigida a la neumonía por pneumocistis carinii con cotrimoxazol. Las tasas de permeabilidad de los stent metálicos autoexpandibles y los by-pass extra-anatómicos en el tratamiento de la estenosis ureteral post-TR en pacientes de alto riesgo quirúrgico o tras el fracaso previo de la cirugía, con un número limitado de pacientes incluidos, ha variado entre el 50% y el 100%. CONCLUSIONES: El empleo de un catéter ureteral en la ureteroneocistostomía extravesical disminuye la incidencia de complicaciones anastomóticas. El tratamiento de elección de la estenosis ureteral post-TR es el tratamiento quirúrgico. El uso de stents metálicos y by-pass extraanatómicos debe limitarse al tratamiento de estenosis ureterales complejas en las que ha fallado el tratamiento primario, pacientes con elevado riesgo quirúrgico o disfunción crónica del injerto


OBJECTIVE: Mayor urological complications, fistulae and stenosis, mainly affect the vesicoureteral anastomosis and present in the early post-transplant period. The systematic use of ureteral catheters keeps selecbeing controversial with many groups using them only selectively depending on the existence of pretransplant or intraoperative risk factors. METHODS: We performed a bibliographic review through automatized search in the Medline bibliographic database, as the main bibliographic source, and also in Clinical Key. The search strategy included the following terms: 'stent' AND 'kidney transplantation'. RESULTS: The bibliographic search revealed the protective effect of the use of ureteral catheters in the transplant ureteroneocystostomy for both development of fistulae (RR 0.29, 0.12 to 0.74, p = 0.009) and stenosis (RR 0.27, 0.09 to 0.81, p = 0.02). The use of catheters in immunosuppressed patients was associated with significant increase of the incidence of post-transplant urinary tract infections (RR 1.49 IC 95% 1.04 to 2.15, p = 0.03) that was prevented by antibiotic prophylaxis with cotrimoxazole directed against pneumocistis carinii. The rates of permeability of self-expandable metallic stents and extra-anatomic bypasses in the treatment of ureteral stenosis after renal transplantation in high surgical risk patients or after the failure of previous surgery, has varied from 50% to 100%, with a limited number of patients included. CONCLUSIONS: The use of ureteral catheters in the extravesical ureteroneocystostomy reduces the incidence of anastomotic complications. Surgery is the treatment of choice of post-transplant ureteral stenosis. The use of metallic stents and extra-anatomic bypasses should be limited to complex ureteral stenosis when primary therapy has failed, in high surgical risk patients or chronic graft dysfunction


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Catéteres , Cateteres Urinários/tendências , Cateteres Urinários , Transplante de Rim/instrumentação , Transplante de Rim/métodos , Fatores de Risco , Obstrução Ureteral/complicações , Obstrução Ureteral/prevenção & controle , Obstrução Ureteral , Stents , Complicações Intraoperatórias/prevenção & controle , Constrição Patológica/complicações
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