RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of lower urinary tract symptoms in adult men in Nigeria is presently not well known. AIM: To evaluate a screened population of men for lower urinary tract symptoms and their impact on the participants' quality of life. METHODS: A cohort study was conducted among men aged 40 years and older from 3 selected centres in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria. The presence of lower urinary tract symptoms and their impact was determined using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) administered via standardized questionnaires. RESULTS: Six hundred and fifty-five men participated in the study. The median age was 56 years with a range of 40 - 92 years. Eight percent (8%) of respondents were asymptomatic, whilst 66%, 20% and 6% had mild, moderate and severe symptoms respectively. Nocturia was the most common symptom and the second most troublesome. Overall storage (irritative) symptoms occurred with the similar frequency to voiding (obstructive) symptoms (91% v 92%), but voiding symptoms were more likely to be severe and thus more troublesome (p = <0.000.1). The severity of the individual symptoms as well as the overall score also increased significantly with age [p = 0.001]. There was a high correlation between IPSS and Quality of Life (QoL) scores (correlation coefficient 'r' = 0.75 [p = <0.0001]. Despite this, 72% of QoL respondents were satisfied with their quality of life. CONCLUSION: The frequency of non-troublesome lower urinary tract symptoms was high in adult men in this cohort of men in Southwestern Nigeria and that severity was age-related. In addition, whilst storage and voiding symptoms occurred with similar frequency, voiding symptoms were the more severe and troublesome.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: A study from the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Southwest, Nigeria on bladder cancers had described an increase in the frequency of urothelial carcinoma compared to the earlier reported preponderance of squamous-cell carcinoma. AIM: To provide an update on the histopathologic pattern of bladder cancers in our community and to explore its implications for future health system policies. METHODS: The records of the Ibadan Cancer Registry from January 1997 to December 2014 were reviewed and the data analyzed for the histologic subtypes of bladder cancers diagnosed in the hospital. RESULTS: Two hundred and sixteen bladder tumours were recorded during this period with a male to female ratio of 3.2:1. Complete information was available in 195 cases of which 181 (96.8%) were bladder carcinomas whilst 14 were sarcomas. Of the bladder carcinomas, 68.5%, 19.9% and 11.6% were urothelial carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and adenocarcinomas (AC) respectively. Urothelial carcinoma was more common in all age groups and its peak age of occurrence was in the 51-60 year age group. The peak age for squamous cell carcinoma was in the 41-50 year age group. Mean and median age of occurrence was significantly lower in females in the urothelial and squamous cell carcinomas, but lowest in squamous cell carcinoma [P = < 0.0001]. CONCLUSION: This population study has confirmed urothelial carcinoma as the predominant histotype of bladder cancer in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria currently and that both urothelial and squamous cell carcinomas occur earlier in women.
