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1.
Environ Pollut ; 254(Pt A): 112977, 2019 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31377326

RESUMO

Glyphosate, as a broad-spectrum herbicide, is frequently detected in water and several studies have investigated its effects on several freshwater aquatic organisms. Yet, only few investigations have been performed on marine macroalgae. Here, we studied both the metabolomics responses and the effect on primary production in the endemic brown algae Fucus virsoides exposed to different concentration (0, 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 mg L-1) of a commercial glyphosate-based herbicide, namely Roundup®. Our results show that Roundup® significantly reduced quantum yield of photosynthesis (Fv/Fm) and caused alteration in the metabolomic profiles of exposed thalli compared to controls. Together with the decrease in the aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine and tyrosine), an increase in shikimate content was detected. The branched-amino acids differently varied according to levels of herbicide exposure, as well as observed for the content of choline, formate, glucose, malonate and fumarate. Our results suggest that marine primary producers could be largely affected by the agricultural land use, this asking for further studies addressing the ecosystem-level effects of glyphosate-based herbicides in coastal waters.


Assuntos
Fucus/metabolismo , Glicina/análogos & derivados , Herbicidas/toxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Agricultura , Animais , Ecossistema , Água Doce/química , Glicina/toxicidade , Metabolômica , Fenilalanina/metabolismo , Fotossíntese/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Chiquímico/metabolismo , Tirosina/metabolismo , Glifosato
2.
Sci Rep ; 6: 19642, 2016 Jan 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26791421

RESUMO

Coralline red algae are significant components of sea bottom and up to now considered as exclusively marine species. Here we present the first coralline alga from a freshwater environment, found in the Cetina River (Adriatic Sea watershed). The alga is fully adapted to freshwater, as attested by reproductive structures, sporelings, and an inability to survive brackish conditions. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses reveal the species belongs to Pneophyllum and is described as P. cetinaensis sp. nov. The marine-freshwater transition most probably occurred during the last glaciation. The brackish-water ancestor was preadapted to osmotic stress and rapid changes in water salinity and temperature. The particular characteristics of the karst Cetina River, such as hard water enriched with dissolved calcium carbonate and a pH similar to the marine environment, favoured colonization of the river by a marine species. The upstream advance and dispersal is facilitated by exceptionally pronounced zoochory by freshwater gastropods. Pneophyllum cetinaensis defies the paradigm of Corallinales as an exclusively marine group.


Assuntos
Ecossistema , Água Doce , Rodófitas , Genes Bacterianos , Filogenia , Rodófitas/classificação , Rodófitas/genética , Rodófitas/ultraestrutura , Esporos Bacterianos
3.
Neurology ; 66(10): 1564-7; discussion 1461, 2006 May 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16717220

RESUMO

Mutations in POMT1 have been identified in Walker-Warburg syndrome and in patients with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and mental retardation (LGMD2K). The authors report new POMT1 mutations in three unrelated children with severe motor impairment, leg hypertrophy, and mental retardation but without brain and ocular malformations. These patients are similar to LGMD2K but have earlier onset and more severe motor disability. The current findings expand the spectrum of POMT1-associated phenotypes.


Assuntos
Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Manosiltransferases/deficiência , Microcefalia/genética , Distrofias Musculares/genética , Adolescente , Idade de Início , Pré-Escolar , Códon sem Sentido , Contratura/genética , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Glicosilação , Humanos , Hipertrofia , Lactente , Deficiência Intelectual/patologia , Perna (Membro)/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Manosiltransferases/genética , Manosiltransferases/fisiologia , Microcefalia/patologia , Distrofias Musculares/patologia , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Fenótipo , Mutação Puntual , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional , Síndrome
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