[Observation on the curative effect of fibula transverse transport technique in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer].

To investigate the clinical effect of fibula transverse transport technique in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer. Nine patients (7 males and 2 females) with diabetic foot ulcer were treated with fibula transverse transport technique from September 2017 to September 2020. The mean age was (55±9) years (ranged from 43 to 66 years). In terms of Wagner classification, 2 cases were in grade 2, 5 cases were in grade 3, and the other 2 cases were in grade 4. All of the cases involved ischemic ulcers or ischemic-nerve ulcers. The transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) of the dorsal foot of the affected limb was measured, with the ulcer healing and TcPO2 changes recorded at follow-up. All the 9 patients were followed up for (23±12) months (3 to 38 months). It was found that all patients with foot ulcers were cured within (4.2±1.9) months (2 to 8 months), and all the patients obtained limb salvage. Besides, there was no serious complications occurred, such as skin necrosis and needle tract infection. Before the operation, the TcPO2 of the affected foot was (28.6±3.8) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), while it was (35.0±5.6) mmHg three months after operation (P<0.05). The technique of fibula transverse transport can effectively improve the microcirculation function of diabetic foot, and it can promote the healing of the ulcer with few complications.

[Clinical effects of free thinned deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap in repairing extensive soft tissue defects in extremities].

Objective: To explore the feasibility and clinical effects of using free thinned deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap to repair extensive soft tissue defects in extremities. Methods: From April 2010 to January 2014, 12 patients with extensive soft tissue defect in extremities after trauma, including 10 males and 2 females, aged 21 to 48 years, 6 patients with defect in the back of wrist and 6 patients with defect in ankle were admitted to the Department of Bone Microsurgery of Xi'an Honghui hospital. After debridement, the size of soft tissue defect ranged from 15.0 cm×4.5 cm to 28.0 cm×11.0 cm. The free thinned deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap was designed, cut and transferred for reconstruction, with size of 15.0 cm×5.0 cm to 29.0 cm×12.0 cm. The flap thickness ranged from 4.0 to 6.5 cm before defatting, and was 0.6 to 0.9 cm after defatting. All the donor sites of flaps were closed directly by suturing. The flap survival and the appearance and function of flap and donor site were observed during follow-up. Results: All the flaps survived smoothly after surgery. During follow-up of 10 to 42 months, the flaps showed no bloat in appearance, no further flap revision or defatting procedures were required, the distance of static 2-point discrimination was 11 to 17 mm (14.5 mm on average). The abdominal function of patients was not affected, and no postoperative abdomen hernia or ulceration was noted. Conclusions: The free thinned deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap is thin and suitable for repairing extensive soft tissue defects in extremities with very good outcomes.

Determination of the thermal, oxidative and photochemical degradation rates of scintillator liquid by fluorescence EEM spectroscopy.

The thermal, oxidative and photochemical stability of the scintillator liquid proposed for the SNO+ experiment has been tested experimentally using accelerated aging methods. The stability of the scintillator constituents was determined through fluorescence excitation emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy and absorption spectroscopy, using parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) as an multivariate analysis tool. By exposing the scintillator liquid to a well-known photon flux at 365 nm and by measuring the decay rate of the fluorescence shifters and the formation rate of their photochemical degradation products, we can place an upper limit on the acceptable photon flux as 1.38 ± 0.09 × 10-11 photon mol L-1. Similarly, the oxidative stability of the scintillator liquid was determined by exposure to air at several elevated temperatures. Through measurement of the corresponding activation energy it was determined that the average oxygen concentration would have to be kept below 4.3-7.1 ppbw (headspace partial pressure below 24 ppmv). On the other hand, the thermal stability of the scintillator cocktail in the absence of light and oxygen was remarkable and poses no concern to the SNO+ experiment.

The effects of 6-gingerol on proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of osteoblast-like MG-63 cells

We investigated whether 6-gingerol affects the maturation and proliferation of osteoblast-like MG63 cells in vitro. Osteoblast-like MG63 cells were treated with 6-gingerol under control conditions, and experimental inflammation was induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Expression of different osteogenic markers and cytokines was analyzed by real-time PCR, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity and biomineralization as markers for differentiation were measured. Treatment with 6-gingerol resulted in insignificant effects on the proliferation rate. 6-Gingerol induced the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells with increased transcription levels of osteogenic markers, upregulated ALP enzyme activity, and enhanced mineralized nodule formation. Stimulation with TNF-α led to enhanced interleukin-6 and nuclear factor-κB expression and downregulated markers of osteoblastic differentiation. 6-Gingerol reduced the degree of inflammation in TNF-α-treated MG-63 cells. In conclusion, 6-gingerol stimulated osteoblast differentiation in normal physiological and inflammatory settings, and therefore, 6-gingerol represents a promising agent for treating osteoporosis or bone inflammation.

The effects of 6-gingerol on proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of osteoblast-like MG-63 cells.

We investigated whether 6-gingerol affects the maturation and proliferation of osteoblast-like MG63 cells in vitro. Osteoblast-like MG63 cells were treated with 6-gingerol under control conditions, and experimental inflammation was induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Expression of different osteogenic markers and cytokines was analyzed by real-time PCR, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity and biomineralization as markers for differentiation were measured. Treatment with 6-gingerol resulted in insignificant effects on the proliferation rate. 6-Gingerol induced the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells with increased transcription levels of osteogenic markers, upregulated ALP enzyme activity, and enhanced mineralized nodule formation. Stimulation with TNF-α led to enhanced interleukin-6 and nuclear factor-κB expression and downregulated markers of osteoblastic differentiation. 6-Gingerol reduced the degree of inflammation in TNF-α-treated MG-63 cells. In conclusion, 6-gingerol stimulated osteoblast differentiation in normal physiological and inflammatory settings, and therefore, 6-gingerol represents a promising agent for treating osteoporosis or bone inflammation.

Analysis of fibronectin, fibronectin receptor and interleukin-1 in patients with cirrhosis treated by the Yanggan Jieyu decoction.

AIM: To investigate the effects of the Yanggan Jieyu (YGJY, nourishing the liver and alleviating mental depression) decoction on the plasma concentrations of fibronectin (FN), fibronectin receptor (FNR), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and the activity of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS: Thirty-four cases of decompensated cirrhosis were divided into the YGJY decoction treatment group and the control group (patients received standard treatment). FN, FNR and TNF-α were measured by ELISA and expressed as mg/L (FN, FNR) and ng/L (TNF-α). IL-1 was measured by mice thymocyte proliferation using a ß scintillation counter and was expressed as cpm. RESULTS: In the YGJY decoction treatment group, FN and TNF-α levels increased significantly (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively), and FNR and IL-1 levels decreased significantly (P < 0.05 and P < 0.05, respectively). In the control group, FN, FNR, TNF-α, and IL-1 levels did not significantly change. CONCLUSION: YGJY decoction could prevent hepatic fibrosis by adjusting the plasma levels of FN, FNR, TNF-α and IL-1, which could mediate cirrhosis formation. This data is of clinical significance.

[Preparation of hepatic targeting antivirus agent NGA-ACV and its targeting property].

Neoglycoalbumin (NGA), a special ligend of asialoglycoprotein receptor on the hepatocyte, was linked via a butanediacyl bridge to acyclovir to form a conjugate NGA-ACV. By using DTA (Differential thermoanalysis) and HPLC analysis, ACV was shown to be connected with NGA by covalent bonds and stable in blood. The radio-biodistribution of 131I-NGA-ACV with high drug density in vivo was carried out in mice. The maximum absorption of 131I-NGA-ACV in liver was 81.7 +/- 10.4% at 5 min. The radioimage of 131I-NGA-ACV with high or low drug density in rabbit showed no significant difference in liver targeting property. The competitive connection tests indicated that 131I-NGA-ACV was concentrated in liver through receptor mediated mechanism. A tentative test of antihepatitis B of NGA-ACV and ACV in vitro showed that the effective dose of the former was significantly lower than that of the latter.

[Content, location and action site of enkephalins in arterial walls].

Contents of L-enkephalin (L-ENK) and M-enkephalin (M-ENK) in arteries of rabbit were measured by radioimmunoassay. Mean values of L-ENK and M-ENK (pg/mg of wet tissue) were 38.99 +/- 17.29 and 134.67 +/- 8.11 in the rabbit ear artery; 31.10 +/- 7.76 and 93.60 +/- 18.22 in the renal artery; 25.70 +/- 13.60 and 88.43 +/- 18.16 in the mesenteric artery, respectively. L-ENK in these arteries decreased significantly (P less than 0.001) after chemicosympathectomy by injection of 6-OHDA; ENK in the ear artery were reduced significantly (P less than 0.001) following the excision of the superior cervical ganglion or electrical-field stimulation, but not changed after injection of reserpine. Content of NE in the artery strip bath medium was measured by fluorimetric assay. NE in the medium was decreased significantly after administration of L-ENK or M-ENK. The results suggest that enkephalins may exist in the sympathetic nerve terminals innervating arterial walls and may be released by electrical-field stimulation. Enkephalins inhibit the contracting activity of artery strips probably by decreasing the release of NE from sympathetic nerve endings.