[Comparative analysis of serum analyte level measurements by commercial diagnostic kits from four manufacturers (Alkor-Bio, Roche, Diagnostic Products Corporation-DCP, and Bayer Corporation)]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz opredeleniia kontsentratsii riada analitov v syvorotke krovi s ispol'zovaniem kommercheski dostupnykh naborov reagentov chetyrekh firm-proizvoditelei ("Alkor Bio", "Roche", "Diagnostic Products Corporation"-DCP i "Bayer Corporation").

Hydrocortisone, progesterone, testosterone, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, chorionic gonadotropin, prolactin, alpha-fetoprotein, luteinizing, follicle-stimulating, and thyrotropic hormones were measured in human sera and in Lyphochek Immunoassay Plus Control reference sera (Bio-Rad Laboratories, USA) using 4 commercial kits (Alkor Bio Inc. and Roche, automated analyzer Roche Cobas Core; DPC, automated analyzer Immulite; Bayer, automated analyzer ACS:180). Coordination and correlation between these kits was observed, the coordination decreasing in the series Alkor Bio/Bayer, Alkor Bio/Roche, and Alkor Bio/DPC.

[The clinical use of andriol in the hormonal therapy of male sterility]. / Klinicheskoe primenenie andriola v gormonoterapii muzhskogo besplodiia.

The paper presents the experience in administration of testosterone andekanoate (andriol) in males suffering from infertility due to idiopathic oligozoospermia. Andriol produced a positive effect on ejaculate. As a result, 25% of the wives got pregnant. The response to andriol arises from posttesticular effects on maturation of spermatozoa and stimulation of the accessory sexual glands.

[An intensive regimen of supersonic-frequency-current therapy in chronic inflammation of the adnexa uteri]. / Intensivnyi rezhim TNCh-terapii pri khronicheskom vospalenii pridatkov matki.

As shown by clinical, electrophysiological and hormonal examinations of 34 patients with chronic inflammation of the uterine appendages and control subjects, the disease treatment with intensive low-frequency current has no negative effects on cardiovascular and endocrine systems, improves function of the reproductive system. Intensive low-frequency currents are believed to be a useful modality in management of chronic genital inflammation.

[The steroid content of the amniotic fluid in the 1st and 2nd pregnancy trimesters in 21-hydroxylase insufficiency and in fetal central nervous system defects]. / Soderzhanie steroidov v amnioticheskoi zhidkosti v I i II trimestrakh beremennosti pri nedostatochnosti 21-gidroksilazy i porokakh tsentral'noi nervnoi sistema ploda.

A total of 103 samples of amniotic fluid obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis were examined, 52 of these from women at a high risk of giving birth to children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) deficiency and 30 ones with fetuses with different neural tube malformations. 17-Hydroxyprogesterone was found to be a reliable marker indicating the disease in fetuses from the group at risk of hereditary 21-OH deficiency. This marker can be effectively used as early as in the 1 gestation trimester. Fetal CNS defects are associated with hypofunction of the adrenal cortex in the II gestation trimester, observed in 60-63% of cases with hydrocephalus, anencephaly, or microcephaly. Since the function of fetal adrenals is of paramount importance for the development and maturation of a fetus, it should be examined in case of developmental defects of the neural tube, in order to predict the effect of prenatal treatment.

[Diagnosis of heterozygote carrier of mutant gene of 21-hydroxylase]. / Diagnostika geterozigotnogo nositelstva mutantnogo gena 21-gidroksilazy.

Heterozygotic carriers of 21-hydroxylase deficiency were detected by prolonged ACTH stimulation test. Stepwise discriminant analysis was used for data processing, which helped derive a function: D = 0.052 x X1 + 0.05 x X2 -0.018 x X3 = 0.069, where X1 is 17-hydroxylase concentration 9 h after ACTH infusion, X2 ratio of basel hydrocortisone concentrations to 17-hydroxylase, and X3 ratio of hydrocortisone concentrations to 17-hydroxylase 9 h after ACTH of infusion. Clinical efficacy of detection of heterozygotic carriers was 85%.

[The determination of CA-125, CA-19-9 and CEA antigens in gynecologic patients for differential diagnosis and the assessment of the efficacy of surgical treatment and subsequent monitoring]. / Opredelenie antigenov CA 125, CA 19-9 i REA u ginekologicheskikh bol'nykh dlia differentsial'noi diagnostiki i otsenki éffektivnosti operativnogo lecheniia i posleduiushchego monitoringa.

Tumor markers CA 125, CA 19-9, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were measured in the blood sera of 396 inpatients of different age. In 139 patients the measurements were carried out over time. Hoffman La Roche enzyme immunoassay test kits were used. Eight groups of women were tested: controls without gynecological diseases, women in need of plastic repair of the genitals, patients with inflammatory diseases, with cervical endometriosis, internal endometriosis, ovarian endometriosis, uterine myoma, benign ovarian tumors, and malignant tumors of the ovaries. The results indicate a relatively high diagnostic value of measuring CA 125 in gynecological patients, particularly in those with endometriosis. Parallel measurements of three markers in the blood serum (CA 125, CA 19-9, and CEA) are more informative for the differential diagnosis of endometriosis and malignant tumors. Follow-up of CA 125 concentration may be used to assess the efficacy of therapy and help early detect the disease recurrences.

[Hypogonadotropic form of amenorrhea. Features of the functional state of hypothalamo-hypophyseal structures and the endocrine status]. / Gipogonadotropnaia forma amenorei. Osobennosti funktsional'nogo sostoianiia gipotalamo-gipofizarnykh struktur i éndokrinnyi status.

Study of the function of the hypothalamopituitary system in patients with hypogonadotrophic amenorrhea showed the activity of its structures which manifested by the presence of pulsed LH secretion in 70% of women; however, the parameters of pulsed secretion of gonadotropins were disordered: the pulses were chaotic and low-amplitude. Adenohypophyseal gonadotrophs were capable of reacting to the administered gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, but the parameters of this reaction differed from the normal. The endocrine status of patients with hypogonadotrophic amenorrhea was changed vs. that in health: prolactin level was reduced, growth hormone level increased, thyroid and adrenocortical function changed; the pattern of secretion of some adenohypophyseal trophic hormones (prolactin, STH, TTH) was also changed. The results permit a hypothesis that impairment of the common central mechanisms regulating the endocrine system underlies the development of this disease; basing on their findings, the authors propose new approaches to the correction of this abnormality.

[Hypogonadotropic form of amenorrhea. Principles of ovulation induction]. / Gipogonadotropnaia forma amenorei. Printsipy induktsii ovuliatsii.

Analysis of the clinico-anamnestic and endocrine parameters of the reproductive system of 45 patients with hypogonadotropic amenorrhea helped single out three types of this condition. Drug doses and schemes of their administration to induce ovulation were selected individually with due consideration for the initial functional status of the reproductive system. The authors defined the basic principles of ovulation induction in patients with hypogonadotropic amenorrhea: the patients should be carefully selected according to WHO classification, with due regard for their clinico-anamnestic data and the function of the reproductive system (hormonal functional test); drug doses for substitution therapy and protocols of their administration should be selected individually, with consideration for the degree of hypophyseal-gonadal insufficiency; daily double (ultrasonic and hormonal) monitoring is needed for the correction of ovulation induction protocols; the choice of the optimal time of administration of the "ovulatory" dose should be based on the findings of double monitoring indicating follicle size 19-20 mm and the maximal activity of steroidogenesis (350 to 400 pmol/liter estradiol per follicle). The possibility of using lutrelef, an analog of gonadotropin releasing hormone, for ovulation induction in patients with the hypothalamic form of gonadotropic amenorrhea was studied. The drug was administered in a pulsed mode using Zykloma+ device (Ferring, Germany). The advantages of a physiological principle of substitution therapy were demonstrated, although the induction of cycles was not appreciably improved by this method as against substitution therapy with human menopausal gonadotropin.

[Congenital dysfunction of adrenal cortex - detection of new mutant gene of 21-hydroxylase]. / Vrozhdennaia disfunktsiia kory nadpochechnikov - obnaruzhenie novoi mutatsii gena 21-gidroksilazy.

The paper presents the results of investigations of 30 Slavic families with different types of congenial adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The classic types of CAH were established to be associated with HLA B14 in most cases. This fact proves the presence of new mutation of 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) gene. The nature of this mutation was studied by polymerase chain reactions in two points: 3rd and 8th exons. The mutation in the third exon was recorded as deletion of 8 nucleotide pairs. The 8th exon appeared to be unchanged. The mutation in the homozygotic state causes a salt-losing type of disease with marked decreases in 21-OH activity. A significant decreases of 21-OH activity were also detected in the heterozygotic carriers during ACTH stimulation. This mutation was discovered in 28% of chromosomes of patients with salt-losing type of CAH.

Hormonal and immunologic methods in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with benign ovarian tumors and endometriotic cysts.

OBJECTIVE: To compare efficacy of various methods for characterizing endometriosis and benign ovarian tumors. DESIGN: Two parallel groups of patients, 54 with endometriotic ovarian cysts and 48 with benign tumors. SETTING: Central clinic. PATIENTS: Patients referred from all regions over a 5-year period. OUTCOME MEASURES: Estrogen Estrogen and progesterone receptor levels of endometrium and endometriotic foci, CA-125 concentration, and estradiol, progesterone, LH, and testosterone blood levels. RESULTS: LH levels elevated during follicular phase in patients; estradiol levels reduced; receptor levels abnormal in endometriosis, but not in benign ovarian cysts. CONCLUSIONS: Hormone therapy is adequate treatment for endometriotic cysts. CA-125 is not a reliable indicator for differential diagnosis.

[The characteristics of hypophyseal gonadotropic function in patients with hypogonadotropic amenorrhea against a background of pergonal ovulation stimulation]. / Osobennosti gonadotropnoi funktsii gipofiza u patsientok s gipogonadotropnoi amenoreei na fone stimuliatsii ovuliatsii pergonalom.

Forty-three ovulation cycles stimulated with human menopausal gonadotropin were examined in 31 patients with hypogonadotropic amenorrhea. Peripheral blood estradiol and luteinizing hormone were radioimmunoassayed. The findings indicate the possibility of recovery of adenohypophyseal gonadotropin autosecretion in the presence of human menopausal gonadotropin administration.

[The effect of a decrease in body weight in patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome]. / Vliianie snizheniia massy tela u bol'nykh s sindromom polikistoznykh iaichnikov.

Eighty patients with the polycystic ovaries syndrome and excessive body mass were examined. In 60 patients body mass reduction resulted from diets and in 20 it occurred over the course of acupuncture. Such treatment resulted in pregnancy in 27 (33.7%) patients. Therefore, diets or acupuncture for body mass reduction are recommended for patients with polycystic ovaries and obesity as the first stage of treatment.

[Pulsed secretion of gonadotropins in polycystic ovary syndrome]. / Izuchenie impul'snogo kharaktera sekretsii gonadotropinov pri sindrome polikistoznykh iaichnikov.

Pulsed secretion of gonadotropins was studied in 8 women suffering from polycystic ovarian syndrome, aged 23-28. Data on the time course of LH and FSH levels were processes by Santen and Bardin's method and by harmonic analysis. The results evidence that regular ejections of LH at a frequency higher than circahoralian rhythm (about 2 impulses per h) in such patients may be the cause of the development of the polycystic ovarian syndrome. Therapy with norcolut, carried out for 3 months, resulted in development of a trend to normalization of LH secretion, FSH secretion remaining unchanged.

[The functional characteristics of the reproductive system in women who are heterozygous carriers of 21-hydroxylase deficiency]. / Osobennosti funktsii reproduktivnoi sistemy u zhenshchen--geterozigotnykh nositel'nits nedostatochnosti 21-gidroksilazy.

This paper reports the results of evaluation of reproductive histories of 52 heterozygous female carriers of 21-hydroxylase deficiency who gave birth to children with classic congenital adrenocortical hyperplasia. Functional ACTH adrenal tests of these women were compared with those in a control group of noncarriers. Test findings are discussed with respect to the pathogenesis of reproductive tract disorders in the carriers of a mutant gene.