RESUMO
BACKGROUND: It is generally accepted that sunlight may contribute to the development of melanoma. OBJECTIVES: To analyse gene expression of melanocytes obtained from clinically unaffected skin of patients with melanoma and healthy controls before and after exposure to ultraviolet B radiation. METHODS: Using GeneChip array technology, the gene expression of melanocytes obtained from the two donor groups was profiled, in order to identify transcriptional differences affecting susceptibility to melanoma. RESULTS: The data collected did not show any difference between the expression profiles of melanocytes purified from normal donors and from patients with melanoma that was able to give a statistically significant class separation. However, by means of unsupervised clustering our data could be divided into two main classes. The first class included the transcriptome profiles of melanocytes obtained from skin samples of patients with a vertical growth phase (VGP) melanoma, while the second class included the transcriptome profiles of melanocytes obtained from skin samples of patients with a radial growth phase (RGP) melanoma. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that melanocytes in patients with VGP and RGP melanomas show significant differences in gene expression profiles, which allow us to classify patients with melanoma also from clinically unaffected skin.
Assuntos
Melanócitos , Melanoma/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genética , Terapia Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Processos de Crescimento Celular , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Masculino , Melanoma/patologia , Melanoma/radioterapia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/radioterapia , Luz Solar/efeitos adversos , Transcrição Gênica , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
The results are reported of a European survey of the contamination of baby food with epoxidized soyabean oil (ESBO). Fat from the sample was extracted, transmethylated and derivatized for analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Analysis was carried out of 248 samples of various types of foodstuffs from the 15 European Union Member States as well as Switzerland. ESBO was found in 95 of 248 samples analysed at levels from 1.5 to 135.2 mg kg(-1). The highest concentrations were found in main dish mixed foods such as vegetables and meat or carbohydrate- and vegetable-based mixes. Levels exceeded 30 mg kg(-1) in 15% of the samples, and 4% exceeded the overall migration limit fixed for plastics in the European Union of 60 mg kg(-1). This level of contamination is significant, confirming results from previous surveys and indicating a risk for the tolerable daily intake to be exceeded. These results suggest that an emphasis must be placed for more systematic research with a focus on the parameters for migration.
