Cultural humility and racial microaggressions in cross-racial clinical supervision: A moderated mediation model.

Cultural humility is important in supervision; however, studies have primarily sampled White supervisees. Racially and ethnically minoritized trainees experience microaggressions during their training, yet cross-racial supervision is less often studied. We examined a moderated mediation model to test whether the supervisory working alliance mediated the relationship between frequency of racial microaggressions and satisfaction with supervision, and whether the impact of racial microaggressions on the supervisee and supervisor cultural humility moderated the relationship between racial microaggression frequency and the supervisory working alliance. In a sample of supervisees of color (N = 102; majority cisgender women, 86.2%, and heterosexual, 59.8%; 35.3% Black/African American, 28.4% Asian/Pacific Islander, 18.6% Hispanic/Latine) receiving clinical supervision from White supervisors, we found that racial microaggression frequency was negatively associated with satisfaction with supervision, and this relationship was fully accounted for by the supervisory working alliance. Racial microaggressions in supervision were found to be detrimental to the supervisory working alliance, which was then related to lower satisfaction with supervision. Further, racial microaggression impact and cultural humility moderated the relationship between racial microaggression frequency and the supervisory working alliance; this relationship was strongest when racial microaggression impact was high and cultural humility was average or high. The social bond hypothesis suggests we are more likely to allow ourselves to be vulnerable when we assess cultural humility to be high. We posit that the observed moderation effect may be due to supervisees experiencing greater shock when experiencing racial microaggressions from supervisors whom they perceived to be culturally humble. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The Relationships of Historical Loss, Acculturation, and Alcohol Expectancies with Alcohol Use Among American Indian and Alaska Native People.

The primary purpose of this study was to 1) explore the relationship among the following variables: thoughts and feelings associated with historical loss, levels of acculturation, alcohol expectancies, and alcohol use among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) people, as well as to 2) explore predictive relationships among historical loss thoughts and feelings, alcohol expectancies, and alcohol use for AI/AN people within this sample. A convenience (community, non-clinical) sample of 188 AI/AN people completed an online survey, including questions related to alcohol use, alcohol expectancies, thoughts and feelings of historical loss, and acculturation experiences. Results indicated that gender and feelings of historical loss were the significant individual predictors of alcohol use and alcohol expectancies in a sample of AI/AN people. In addition, specific types of alcohol expectancies, when considered together, explained 24% of the variance in alcohol use experiences. Gender differences were noted in that AI/AN men were more likely than AI/AN women to engage in hazardous drinking and expected more feelings of social and physical pleasure as well as power and aggression as a result of drinking alcohol. Areas for further research were highlighted, with an emphasis on further research exploring the correlates and predictors of alcohol use and alcohol expectancies for community, non-clinical samples of AI/AN people, to further understand alcohol use motivation among AI/AN people.

The Relationship of Self-Compassion and Suicide Risk Factors in American Indian/Alaska Native People.

In this study, positive aspects of self-compassion (i.e., self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness of one's thoughts and feelings) were explored in relation with suicide risk factors (i.e., perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness) in a community sample of 242 self-identified American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults. Participants completed a survey packet including a demographic form, the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, and the Self-Compassion Scale at several Indian Health Service clinics and tribal centers in the Great Plains of the United States. Results indicated that positive aspects of self-compassion (i.e., self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness) were associated with and predictive of less suicide risk (i.e., less perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness) among AI/AN adults. Of those with a history of suicidal ideation (n = 89), positive aspects of self-compassion were predictive of less perceived burdensomeness, but were not predictive of thwarted belongingness. Implications for prevention and intervention programs that emphasize self-compassion, mindfulness, and culturally relevant practices, as well as mental health advocacy, including suicide prevention, for AI/AN people are highlighted.