RESUMO
Objective: In old age, people suffer from many mental and physical illnesses, which make it important for the elderly to pay attention to adapting to these diseases. So, the aim of this research was to study the role of perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and giving meaning to life in psychosocial adjustment, as well as the mediating role of self-care in the elderly. Method : This research was descriptive and correlational, conducted through available sampling of 200 elderly people who lived in the city of Ardabil. After the necessary assessments in terms of mental disorders and inclusion criteria, they were chosen to conduct this investigation in 2020. The Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Psychosocial Adjustment Scale, Self-Care Questionnaire for the Elderly, and Interpersonal Needs scale were used to gather the data. The data were analyzed using SPSS25 and Amos24 software. Results: The findings showed that perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness have a negative and direct effect on elderly self-care [ß = -0.25, P < 0.01] [ß = -0.20, P < 0.05] and psychosocial adjustment [ß = -0.0, P < 0.05] [ß = -0.12, P < 0.05]. Also, giving meaning to life has a positive and direct effect on elderly self-care [ß = 0.32, P = 0.01] and psychosocial adjustment [ß = 0.033, P < 0.01]. The variable of self-care can play a mediating role in the relationship between thwarted belongingness [ß = -0.174, P < 0.05], perceived burdensomeness [ß = -0.140, P < 0.05], and giving meaning to life [ß = 0.223, P < 0.05] with psychosocial adjustment. Moreover, among the exogenous variables, thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness by change in self-care have been able to reduce psychosocial adjustment. Giving meaning through self-care, however, has increased psychosocial adjustment. Conclusion: The findings revealed that thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and giving meaning to life are important variables in health and adaptability of the elderly, which draws attention to family-centered interventions and individual therapies.
RESUMO
Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to present a health-promotion behaviors model in the elderly based on psychological capital, social support, and attitudes toward death mediated with mediating role of emotional cognitive regulation strategies in the elderly in Ardabil. Methods: The research method was correlational which was done by the path analysis method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all elderly people in Ardabil in 2020, from which 250 people were selected by convenient sampling method and were investigated with research tools including Health-Promotion Lifestyle Profile (1998), attitudes toward death profile (1994), Psychological Capitals (2007), social support (1988) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation (2001). Data were analyzed by Amos-24 software and using structural equation modeling. Results: The results showed that psychological capital, social support, and attitude towards death directly affect health-promotion behaviors and also indirectly improve them through cognitive emotion regulation strategies. These results can have a significant impact on promoting health and improving the quality of life of the elderly population. Conclusions: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be claimed that the proposed model for the health of the elderly has an acceptable fitness and this model can be used in developing educational programs and intervention techniques to improve the health of this group of people.
RESUMO
Background and Aims: Coronavirus with its sudden and widespread outbreak has obviously imposed devastating consequences in various aspects of human life. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive value of Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM) structures in self-care preventive behavior against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among the general population of Ardabil, Iran. Methods: The present retrospective descriptive-correlational study was conducted on citizens of Ardabil aged 18 years and over in 2021. After dividing the city of Ardabil into four parts, 50 people from each area of the city and a total of 200 people were selected through the available sampling method through social media. Data collection tools included a demographic profile, perceived self-efficacy scale, perceived emotional questionnaire, perceived social support questionnaire, perceived benefits and barriers questionnaire, researcher-made COVID-19 self-care questionnaire, and commitment to action questionnaire based on Pender's HPM structures in an online manner. Data were analyzed by Amos 22 software and using structural equation modeling. Results: According to the results, direct path analysis to COVID-19 self-care behavior indicated that the variables of perceived self-efficacy (ß = 0.18, p < 0.01), interpersonal effects (ß = 0.19, p < 0.01), positive emotion (ß = 0.15, p < 0.05) and perceived benefits (ß = 0.20, p < 0.01) are able to significantly predict self-care behaviors. Moreover, the bootstrapping test results in the indirect path analysis demonstrated that the variables of perceived self-efficacy (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.012, 0.066), perceived social support (95% CI, 0.002, 0.026), and perceived barriers (95% CI, -0.019, -0.002) and benefits (95% CI, 0.001, 0. 015) through the mediator variable of commitment to action are able to significantly predict COVID-19 self-care behavior. Conclusions: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be claimed that the proposed model of COVID-19 self-care behavior has an acceptable fitness in the general population. This model can be used in developing educational programs and intervention techniques to modify people's attitudes and behaviors.
RESUMO
Objective: Grief is one of the most painful experiences of the humans after linking emotions. In the literature of trauma, grief and mourning can be seen on many topics. Intervention and treatment of grief seems necessary as the period of mourning is prolonged. Thus, this study aimed at understanding the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on spiritual well-being and emotional intelligence in the elderly bereavement. Method: This was an experimental study with pre-and posttest design, and control group. The population of this study was the elderly mourners in city of Ardabil in 15-2014. After conducting clinical interviews and diagnostic tests using the sampling method, 30 elderly mourners selected. Spiritual Well-Being questionnaire and Emotional Intelligence questionnaire were used for data collection. The questionnaire and pretest-posttest were used in this study. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: The results of the data analysis revealed that cognitive behavioral therapy increased spiritual well-being and emotional intelligence of the mourners was not significantly different between the 2 groups (P<0.01). However, the means of Spiritual Well-Being and Emotional Intelligence at pretest was not significant in the intervention group compared with the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Method of cognitive behavioral therapy helps confront the emotional drain and grief acceptance, increasing the spiritual well-being and emotional intelligence of the elderly bereavement. .
