Biocidal Activity of a Nanoemulsion Containing Essential Oil from Protium heptaphyllum Resin against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).

This work aimed to prepare a nanoemulsion containing the essential oil of the Protium heptaphyllum resin and evaluate its biocidal activities against the different stages of development of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Ovicide, pupicide, adulticide and repellency assays were performed. The main constituents were p-cymene (27.70%) and α-pinene (22.31%). The developed nanoemulsion showed kinetic stability and monomodal distribution at a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of 14 with a droplet size of 115.56 ± 1.68 nn and a zeta potential of -29.63 ± 3.46 mV. The nanoemulsion showed insecticidal action with LC50 0.404 µg·mL-1 for the ovicidal effect. In the pupicidal test, at the concentration of 160 µg·mL-1, 100% mortality was reached after 24 h. For adulticidal activity, a diagnostic concentration of 200 µg·mL-1 (120 min) was determined. In the repellency test, a concentration of 200 µg·mL-1 during the 180 min of the test showed a protection index of 77.67%. In conclusion, the nanobiotechnological product derived from the essential oil of P. heptaphyllum resin can be considered as a promising colloid that can be used to control infectious disease vectors through a wide range of possible modes of applications, probably as this bioactive delivery system may allow the optimal effect of the P. heptaphyllum terpenes in aqueous media and may also induce satisfactory delivery to air interfaces.

Development of nano-emulsions based on Ayapana triplinervis essential oil for the control of Aedes aegypti larvae.

Ayapana triplinervis is a plant species used in traditional medicine and in mystical-religious rituals by traditional communities in the Amazon. The aim of this study are to develop a nano-emulsion containing essential oil from A. triplinervis morphotypes, to evaluate larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti and acute oral toxicity in Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus). The essential oils were extracted by steam dragging, identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, and nano-emulsions were prepared using the low energy method. Phytochemical analyses indicated the major compounds, expressed as area percentage, ß-Caryophyllene (45.93%) and Thymohydroquinone Dimethyl Ether (32.93%) in morphotype A; and Thymohydroquinone Dimethyl Ether (84.53%) was found in morphotype B. Morphotype A essential oil nano-emulsion showed a particle size of 101.400 ± 0.971 nm (polydispersity index = 0.124 ± 0.009 and zeta potential = -19.300 ± 0.787 mV). Morphotype B essential oil nano-emulsion had a particle size of 104.567 ± 0.416 nm (polydispersity index = 0.168 ± 0.016 and zeta potential = -27.700 ± 1.307 mV). Histomorphological analyses showed the presence of inflammatory cells in the liver of animals treated with morphotype A essential oil nano-emulsion (MAEON) and morphotype B essential oil nano-emulsion (MBEON). Congestion and the presence of transudate with leukocyte infiltration in the lung of animals treated with MAEON were observed. The nano-emulsions containing essential oils of A. triplinervis morphotypes showed an effective nanobiotechnological product in the chemical control of A. aegypti larvae with minimal toxicological action for non-target mammals.

Larvicide Activity on Aedes aegypti of Essential Oil Nanoemulsion from the Protium heptaphyllum Resin.

The aim of this work was to prepare a nanoemulsion containing the essential oil of Protium heptaphyllum resin and to evaluate the larvicidal activity and the residual larvicidal effect against Aedes aegypti. The essential oil was identified by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer, and the nanoemulsions were prepared using a low-energy method and characterized by photon correlation spectroscopy. The results indicated the major constituents as p-cimene (27.70%) and α-Pinene (22.31%). Nanoemulsions had kinetic stability and a monomodal distribution in a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of 14 with particle diameters of 115.56 ± 1.68 nn and zeta potential of -29.63 ± 3.46 mV. The nanoemulsion showed larvicidal action with LC50 = 2.91 µg∙mL-1 and residual larvicidal effect for 72 h after application to A. aegypti larvae. Consequently, the nanobiotechnological product derived from the essential oil of P. heptaphyllum resin could be used against infectious disease vectors.

Tecnologia móvel para registros da avaliação clínica de recém-nascidos / Mobile technology for recording the clinical assessment of newborns / Tecnología móvil para registros de la evaluación clínica de recién nacidos

Objetivou-se conhecer a opinião de enfermeiros sobre a utilização da tecnologia móvel para o registro da avaliação clínica de recém-nascidos. Estudo de natureza descritiva e exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de um hospital do município de João Pessoa, estado da Paraíba. Os dados foram coletados no período de setembro a outubro de 2014, com entrevista semiestruturada e posterior análise de conteúdo. Foi possível identificar três categorias que destacaram a opinião das participantes: Categoria 1 ­ Reconhecendo a importância da tecnologia móvel para o registro de enfermagem; Categoria 2 ­ Sentindo algumas dificuldades de manusear a tecnologia; Categoria 3 ­ Apontando as contribuições do tablet para o processo de trabalho do enfermeiro. Conclui-se que a tecnologia móvel flexibiliza a realização das atividades de registro pelo enfermeiro, além de otimizar o tempo dispensado por estes profissionais nas atividades de documentação (AU).

The objective of this study was to learn the opinion of nurses on the use of mobile technology for the registration of newborns' clinical assessment. A descriptive and exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, was developed in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a hospital in the city of João Pessoa, state of Paraíba, Brazil. Data were collected from September to October 2014 with semi-structured interviews and subsequent content analysis. It was possible to identify three categories that highlighted the opinion of participants: Category 1 ­ Recognition of the importance of mobile technology for nursing records; Category 2 - Experiencing difficulties in handling the technology; Category 3 - Pointing out the tablet contributions to nursing work. In conclusion, mobile technology eases the activities of registration by nurses in addition to optimizing the time spent by these professionals in the documentation process (AU).

El objetivo fue conocer la opinión de enfermeros sobre el uso de la tecnología móvil para el registro de la evaluación clínica de los recién nacidos. El estudio, descriptivo y exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo, fue desarrollado en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales de un hospital en la ciudad de João Pessoa, Estado de Paraiba, Brasil. Los datos fueron obtenidos desde septiembre hasta octubre de 2014, con entrevistas semi estructuradas y posterior análisisdel contenido.Fue posible identificar tres categorías de relieve a partir de la opinión de los participantes: Categoría 1 ­ El reconocimiento sobre la importancia de la tecnología móvil para los registros de enfermería; Categoría 2 ­ La percepción de algunas dificultades para el manejo de la tecnología; Categoría 3 ­La señalización con respecto a las contribuciones de la tableta (tablet)al trabajo de enfermería. Se llega a la conclusión de que la tecnología móvil facilita la realización delregistro hecho por el enfermero, además deoptimizar el tiempo de los profesionales en el proceso de documentación de la información (AU).