Identification of new endocrine disruptive transthyretin ligands in polluted waters using pull-down assay coupled to non-target mass spectrometry.

Surface and treated wastewater are contaminated with highly complex mixtures of micropollutants, which may cause numerous adverse effects, often mediated by endocrine disruption. However, there is limited knowledge regarding some important modes of action, such as interference with thyroid hormone (TH) regulation, and the compounds driving these effects. This study describes an effective approach for the identification of compounds with the potential to bind to transthyretin (TTR; protein distributing TH to target tissues), based on their specific separation in a pull-down assay followed by non-target analysis (NTA). The method was optimized with known TTR ligands and applied to complex water samples. The specific separation of TTR ligands provided a substantial reduction of chromatographic features from the original samples. The applied NTA workflow resulted in the identification of 34 structures. Twelve compounds with available standards were quantified in the original extracts and their TH-displacement potency was confirmed. Eleven compounds were discovered as TTR binders for the first time and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) were highlighted as contaminants of concern. Pull-down assay combined with NTA proved to be a well-functioning approach for the identification of unknown bioactive compounds in complex mixtures with great application potential across various biological targets and environmental compartments.

Epizootic process of equine infectious diseases in the Altai Krai / [Processo epizoótico de doenças infecciosas equinas no Krai de Altai]

The urgency of the studied problem is due to the need for epizootic monitoring of equine infectious diseases in the Altai Krai and the lack of basic information on the relative and absolute parameters of changes in the epizootic process, scientific, methodological and practical aspects of the assessment of potential risks. The purpose of the article is to study the epizootic process for each nosological form of equine infectious diseases in the Altai Krai based on statistical information over the period from 1964 to 2017. Epizootic method is a leading method of the study of this problem, which allows the identification and discussion of the association of equine infectious diseases with natural and geographical conditions in the Altai Krai. The article presents data on intensive parameters of the epizootic process of equine infectious diseases and their changes with a description of periodic changes in the Altai Krai. The materials of the article provide veterinary and biology specialists with information on the epizootics of various nosological forms of equine infectious diseases in the Altai Krai.(AU)

A urgência do problema estudado é devida à necessidade de monitoramento epizoótico de doenças infecciosas equinas no Krai de Altai, e a falta de informação básica sobre os parâmetros relativos e absolutos de mudanças no processo epizoótico, e aspectos científicos, metodológicos e práticos da avaliação de potenciais riscos. O propósito do artigo é estudar o processo epizoótico para cada forma nosológica de doenças infecciosas equinas no Krai de Altai, baseado em informação estatística no período de 1964 a 2017. O método epizoótico é o principal método de estudo deste problema, que permite a identificação e discussão da associação entre doenças infecciosas equinas e condições naturais e geográficas do Krai de Altai. Este artigo apresenta dados dos parâmetros intensivos do processo epizoótico de doenças infecciosas bovinas e suas mudanças com uma descrição de mudanças periódicas no Krai de Altai. Os materiais do artigo fornecem informações para especialistas na veterinária e biologia com relação aos epizoóticos de diversas formas nosológicas de doenças infecciosas equinas no Krai de Altai.(AU)

[The Evaluation of Opinions of Patients Concerning Quality of Medical Nurse Care in Hospitals].

The opinion of patients concerning quality of medical nurse care in hospitals of Omsk is analyzed using questionnaire technique. The service of medical nurses was considered as excellent by 47.6% of patients and as good by 46.3%. The issues of main concern by patients are established. The proposals related to measures ameliorating quality of medical care are proposed. The obtained data can be applied in work of medical nurses in curative preventive institutions.

[The Opinions of Physicians Concerning Organization of Medical Rehabilitation of Children].

The making of healthy society requires to attend a special medical attention to children population. The ill children of the first year of life set up a danger of development of chronic diseases in the elder age and in subsequent adult population. In Russia, during last years, both unfavorable and positive trends in newborns' health are observed. This occurrence dictates a necessity of studying regional characteristics and analyzing of medical social factors determining health stte of newborns. The total morbidity of children of the first year of life during last decade manifest a particular trend to decreasing (up to 4.84%) though in certain classes of diseases an increasing from 2% to 32% was observed. The implemented study demonstrated availability of a number of characteristics of process of rehabilitation of under age population in conditions of the Omsk region. The involvement of large number of professionally experienced physicians substantiates its high reliability from the positions of medical science. From professional point of view, the courses of medical rehabilitation for patients are to be applied no less than three times per a year. It is especially significant for patients of the first year of life because a direct dependence is detected concerning early beginning of rehabilitation activities and subsequent higher efficiency of treatment. In the Omsk oblast, the medical rehabilitation service provides a highly qualitative care to children. Though at that a limited accessibility of services of the specialized Center of medical rehabilitation to residents of remote municipal okrugs and oblast districts is established. Also, a lower quality of services in other municipal medical institutions was established as compared with the specialized Center. The rectification of actual situation is seen on the way of organizing of rehabilitation centers of departments in other municipal okrugs and districts of the Omsk oblast and increasing of capacity of the existing rehabilitation center.

Identifying N-terminal peptides by a combination of the edman procedures with a bromine isotope tag: Application to the silicateins.

Silicateins are proteins found within spicules of siliceous sponges. They are analogs of proteinases cathepsins; they catalyze the transformation of silicic acid esters into biogenic silica (SiO2 ·nH2 O), and are believed to take part in the processes of silicification in marine and freshwater sponges. Earlier studies by Kalyuzhnaya et al. revealed that the Baikal Sponge Lubomirskia baicalensis Pallas, 1773 (L. baicalensis) contains a gene 1988 bp long, which hosts four sequences that encode four mRNAs giving rise to silicateins α1, α2, α3 and α4 (SILα1, SILα2, SILα3, SILα4) whose predicted amino acid sequences are similar to those of the predicted sequences of marine sponge silicateins. However, the sequences of mature silicateins of L. baicalensis remained unknown, since their N-terminal peptides were not identified. We found the sequences of these N-terminal peptides using a combination of the Edman procedure, which involved reaction with phenylisothiocyanate, treatment with trifluoroacetic acid and trypsinolysis followed by treatment with 4-bromine-phenylisothiocyanate performed directly within polyacrylamide gel bands, and subsequent mass spectrometry. The N-terminal peptides are YAESIDWR (SILα1), YVDSIDWR (SILα2 and α4), and YADSLDWR (SILα3). All mature silicateins of L. baicalensis had a length 217 amino acid residues.

Quantification of adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and creatine phosphate in sterlet spermatozoa during maturation.

Sturgeon spermatozoa maturation during their passage through the kidney is a prerequisite for initiation of motility. Samples of sterlet () testicular sperm (TS) were matured in vitro by incubation in seminal fluid (SF) or in SF supplemented with carbonyl cyanide -chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP; a respiration uncoupling agent). Sperm was diluted in activation medium (AM) containing 10 m Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.5) and 0.25% Pluronic, and spermatozoon motility was assessed. Samples were taken and fixed in 3 perchloric acid at 3 points in the incubation process. Quantification of ATP, ADP, and creatine phosphate (CrP) was conducted using liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. We observed a significant decrease in CrP during artificial maturation of TS in SF. In contrast, ATP and ADP were not significantly affected. Addition of CCCP to SF halted maturation and led to significantly lower CrP whereas ADP significantly increased and ATP was unaffected. Dilution of matured and immature TS with AM led to a significant decrease of ATP and CrP and an increase of ADP compared with their levels before dilution, although immature TS were not motile. Energy dependency of TS maturation in sturgeon was confirmed, which suggests that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is needed for maturation of sturgeon TS.

[THE MEDICAL SOCIAL STUDY OF QUALITY OF NURSING CARE].

The article considers medical social aspects of quality of nursing care. The questionnaire survey of nursing personnel of oblast and municipal medical organizations of Omsk was carried out. The results permitted evaluating qualification of nursing medical personnel, organization of personnel training at workplace and internal control of knowledge and skills in medical organizations. The results of analysis can be applied in development of measures concerning optimization of organizational actions in the area of management of nurse business quality.

[Irumamicin Produced by Streptomyces roseoflavus INA-1278].

The strain Streptomyces roseoflavus INA-1278 is described as a new irumamicin producer. Irumamicin 1278 is different by the antifungal activity from irumamicin produced by the world-known strain Streptomyces subflavus subsp. Irumaensis subps. nov. AM-3603.

A passive sampling method for detecting analgesics, psycholeptics, antidepressants and illicit drugs in aquatic environments in the Czech Republic.

The goal of this study was to assess the bioavailable concentrations of analgesics, psycholeptics, antidepressants and illicit drugs in the surface waters of the Czech Republic. All of the sampling sites are located within the most important water quality monitoring profiles at the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. The total concentrations of the compounds ranged from 463 to 6,447 ng POCIS(-1) (Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler). Carbamazepine (196-2,690 ng POCIS(-1)) and tramadol (160-2,250 ng POCIS(-1)) were the most abundant compounds at every site. The most polluted sites were those that received communal wastewater effluent and had a low dilution factor (ratio of wastewater effluent and river flow). The aqueous concentrations of the target compounds were estimated using sampling rate values obtained during a field calibration experiment. Patterns in the aqueous concentrations of the compounds (after back calculation from POCIS extracts) and the POCIS concentrations are different, possibly leading to discrepancies between the toxicity assessments conducted using POCIS extracts and those conducted using grab samples of water from the same location.

Verapamil does not modify catalytic activity of CYP450 in rainbow trout after long-term exposure.

Little is known about the effects of the cardiovascular drug verapamil (VRP) on metabolic processes in fish. Most calcium channel blockers including VRP are metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. In this study we investigated the in vivo effect of VRP on some CYP450-mediated reactions in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of VRP (0.5, 27 and 270 µg l(-1)) for 0, 21, and 42 day. The following CYP450-mediated reactions were studied in hepatic microsomes: O-dealkylation of ethoxyresorufin, methoxyresorufin, and pentoxyresorufin, hydroxylation of coumarin, tolbutamide, and p-nitrophenol, and O-debenzylation of 7-benzyloxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin. The amounts of products of these reactions did not differ among fish exposed to different levels of VRP and control fish. This suggests that the levels of VPR used did not alter catalytic activity of the selected CYP450 enzymes. In conclusion, none of the investigated CYP450-mediated reactions has potential as a biomarker to monitor VRP contamination of the aquatic environment.

[Cold pathology and experimental therapy of deep hypothermia].

A complete cold paralysis of respiration and thermoregulation occurs in rats at the temperature in the brain 16.6 +/- 0.3 and in the rectum 15.2 +/- 0.3 degrees C. Under the conditions of room temperature 18-19 degrees C, the respiration never restores, and the animals die. This is believed [6] to be the result of calcium ion Ca2+ accumulation in the cells of respiration and thermoregulation centers. After the arrest of respiration the animals were injected with the solution of disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Na2EDTA), which binds calcium ions in the blood and facilitates their removal from the cell (explanations in the text). In 7-9 min after the injection the calcium content in the blood decreased and the respiration began to restore at the temperature of the cold paralysis. Thermoregulation was also restored. All the test animals survived. All the control animals, which were not injected with Na2EDTA, died.

[The diagnostic services in the Omsk medical health care institutions].

The analysis of the medical diagnostic services status in the city of Omsk is presented based on the study of the opinions of the medical specialists from various municipal medical health care institutions. The research results validity is proved by the implementation of the fitting criterion conjointly with its reliability evaluation.

[Antibiotics produced by Photorhabdus luminescens ZMI, a symbiont of entomopathogenic nematodes].

A novel strain of Photorhabdus luminescens ZMI isolated from nematode larvae Heterorhabditis sp. was shown to produce antibiotic complexes with antibacterial and antifungal activities. The antibiotic complexes secreted extracellularly and intracellularly were separated into individual components. Comparison of their properties with the databases for biologically active compounds suggested that component A was identical to 3,5-dihydroxy-4-isopropylstilbene, components B and H belonged to anthraquinone derivatives, component C secreted only extracellularly was likely a novel antibiotic.

[Synthesis of tetrasubstituted porphyrins by interaction of 5-aryldipyrromethanes with 4-substituted benzaldehydes].

Synthesis of tetraphenyl-substituted porphyrins with tret-butyl and methoxycarbonyl groups in meso-aryl radicals is described. It is shown that, during the condensation of dipyrromethanes with substituted benzaldehydes, a rearrangement occurs with the formation of a mixture of isomeric porphyrins. The character of these rearrangements depends on the position of substituents in the starting compounds.

[The factor analysis in the study of the tuberculosis of the urino-genital organs].

The results of the study of the prevalence of tuberculosis of the urino-genital system in the city of Omsk are presented. The quality of the corresponding medical care, the disease outcomes and the actual state of the prevention of the tuberculosis of the urino-genital organs are discussed. The factor analysis based on the Iberia approach was applied.

[The physicians' awareness of urogenital system tuberculosis].

The chair of public health of the Omsk State medical academy conjointly with the municipal TB dispensary No 4 carried out the medical social study of the urogenital system tuberculosis since no profound and research of this problem was organized on the territory of Omsk oblast. The article presents the fragment of the data related to the survey of he physicians of medical institutions form city of Omsk and the Omsk oblast about the effectiveness of the medical social care to the patients suffering from the urogenital system tuberculosis.

[A comparison of the properties of bacteriocins formed by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis strains of diverse origin].

Bacteriocins formed by four strains of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis have been studied and compared: 729 (a natural strain isolated from milk), 1605 (a mutant of strain 729), F-116 (a recombinant obtained by fusing of protoplasts of the two related strain 729 and 1605), and a nisin-forming strain obtained by adaptive selection at Moscow State University. Antimicrobial activity studies revealed differences between the strains in the effects on individual groups of microorganisms; the activities of the strains were also distinct from that of Nisaplin (a commercial preparation of the bacteriocin nisin). Methods for isolation and purification of bacteriocins have been developed, making it possible to obtain individual components of antibiotic complexes as chromatographically pure preparations. Bacteriocins formed by the strains of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis have been identified and differences in their biological and physicochemical properties, established. A novel potent broad-spectrum antibiotic substance distinct from nisin has been isolated from the recombinant strain F-116.