[A new method for evaluating the rheological properties of the erythrocytes in surgical patients with endogenous intoxication]. / Novyi sposob otsenki reologicheskikh svoistv éritrotstitov u khirurgicheskikh bol'nykh s éndogennoi intoksikatsiei.

An examination of 30 patients against the background of using both the operative and conservative methods of treatment was performed in order to study the rheological properties of blood and selection of the most informative tests for diagnosis of microcirculatory disturbances in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and gastroduodenal area. The authors propose methods of investigation of deformability and viscosity of erythrocytes in patients with the surgical diseases in question. The methods are simple, quite handy for any surgical hospital and polyclinic laboratories. In addition to being used in investigations of the aggregative ability of erythrocytes and viscosity of the whole blood, these methods can be of use in express diagnosis of rheological disorders. The endogenous intoxication in patients with the diseases in question was found to be accompanied by deep rheological disturbances. The deformability of erythrocytes and their viscosity index which can pass ahead of the shifts in other parameters characterizing the hemocoagulative and rheological properties of blood are changed. A conclusion is drawn that the parameters of the erythrocyte deformability and viscosity can be an additional criteria of the adequacy of therapy used for patients with the diseases in question.

[Hemodilution coagulopathy and infusion-transfusion therapy of massive hemorrhage in obstetric practice]. / Gemodiliutsionnaia koagulopatiia i osobennosti infuzionno-transfuzionnoi terapii massivnoi krovopoteri v akusherskoi praktike.

The paper presents the experience gained by a critical hematological care team in diagnosis and treatment of hemodilution coagulopathy. The investigations were performed in Leningrad obstetric hospitals in 1985-1990 and included 38 patients. Basic principles of the therapy and its control are described. The policy of infusion-transfusion treatment indicated in the paper secured successful management of puerpera with massive blood loss.

[Rheologic properties of erythrocytes of the hemostatic system in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. / Issledovanie reologicheskikh svoistv éritrotsitov i sistemy gemostaza u bol'nykh ostrym limfoblastnym leikozom.

Disturbed erythrocytic rheology revealed in ALL patients with hypocoagulative shifts is suggested to trigger DIC syndrome. Combined treatment enhanced erythrocytic aggregation, viscosity and reduced deformability. Nevertheless, the patients improved, hemorrhagic complications attenuated, hemostasis underwent positive changes. The shifts are thought a defense reaction. A correlation exists between rheologic abnormalities and ALL severity.

[Rheologic and coagulational disorders and their correction with heparin in patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura treated with antilymphocytic globulin]. / Reologicheskie i gemokoaguliatsionnye narusheniia u bol'nykh autoimmunoi trombotsitopenicheskoi purpuroi, poluchavshikh antilimfotsitarnyi globulin, i korresktsiia ikh geparinom.

Rheologic and hemocoagulation parameters were studied in 26 patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (AITP). It has been shown that disorders in red blood cell rheologic properties detected in these patients aggravate the hemostasis disturbances and promote the development of disseminated intravascular blood coagulation (DIVBC). After infusion of antilymphocytic globulin (ALG) to 20 AITP patients improvement of general condition, as well as positive changes in the rheologic and hemocoagulation parameters were recorded in 15 of them. However, progressing DIVBC syndrome was observed in 5 patients, rheologic shifts being in the basis of its mechanism. To prevent or correct arising disorders, besides ALG infusions, heparin administration was used in a dose of 2000 IU/day. Rheologic and coagulation parameters significantly improved, hemorrhagic symptoms disappeared. Heparin administered in time to AITP patients who received ALG will permit conduction of a full course of treatment with this preparation.

[The effect of specific transfusion therapy on the level of circulating immune complexes in hemophilia patients]. / Vliianie transfuzionnoi spetsificheskoi terapii na uroven' tsirkuliruiushchikh immunnykh kompleksov u bol'nykh gemofiliei.

The level of circulating immune complexes (CIC) was measured in 108 hemophilic patients registered at the Republican Center for Hemophilia Treatment. High levels of CIC were detected in hemophilic patients of different age. The concentrations of CIC were higher in adult patients than in children. Formation of immune complexes in the test groups did not go beyond the framework of the physiological process, for the signs of vasculitis, which is an indispensable component of immunocomplex pathology, could not be identified. Higher levels of CIC in adults were related to a greater number of transfusions made throughout the life, particularly if the annual dose of the preparations infused exceeded 10,000 Units of factor VIII or IX. No significant correlation was established between the rise of CIC levels in the patients' serum and the biochemical alterations in liver function, detected in these patients. Therefore, CIC detected by the authors are not specific and lesions of the liver parenchyma in hemophilic patients are not determined by their presence.

[Rheological properties of erythrocytes and hemostasis in patients with acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia treated with anti- lymphocyte globulin]. / Reologicheskie svoistva éritrotsitov i gemostaz u bol'nykh priobretennoi autoimmunnoi gemoliticheskoi anemiei, polu- chavshikh antilimfotsitarnyi globulin.

Rheologic properties of red blood cells and hemostasis were studied in patients with acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia who received antilymphocytic globulin (ALG). Hypocoagulation changes attended by elevation of red blood cell aggregation activity were detected in the patients already at their admission to the hospital. After administration of ALG, growth of these shifts, characteristic of disseminated intravascular blood coagulation (DIC) syndrome, was noted. It was shown that erythrocytic thromboplastin and antiheparin factor action on blood coagulation, mainly at the expense of the young cell fraction, was responsible for disorders in hemostasis. Nevertheless, despite the presence of DIC syndrome, in the group of patients, who received ALG, no clinical signs of this state were recorded, that could be explained by the protective effect of red blood cell intensified capacity for aggregation leading to the improvement of blood coagulation parameters.

[Hemorrhagic complications caused by heparin therapy]. / Gemorragicheskie oslozhneniia, obuslovlennye geparinoterapiei.

The article deals with complications resulting from the application of heparin. An analysis of 92 case histories is given where hemorrhages made their appearance due to noncorrect administration of heparin. Recommendations are given for purposeful therapy of these complications and their prophylactics.

[Rheologic properties of the erythrocytes and hemostatic system in patients with polycythemia vera]. / Reologicheskie svoistva éritrotsitov i sistema gemostaza u bol'nykh istinnoi politsitemiei.

Rheologic properties of red blood cells and hemostasis were investigated in 25 patients with polycythemia vera (PV). Manifest hemorheologic and hemocoagulation disorders attended by thrombohemorrhagic complications were revealed in this group of patients. It has been shown that hemorheologic disorders play an important role in the mechanisms of thrombohemorrhagic complications in PV, therefore they should be corrected with antiaggregation agents. In some cases disorders in the rheologic phenomena of red blood cells are a triggering mechanism in the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) syndrome. A correlation has been revealed between the parameters of red blood cell rheologic properties and hemostasis and the disease severity. It is suggested that rheologic properties of red blood cells should be studied for the diagnosis of DIC syndrome.

[Characteristics of the arrest of hemorrhages occurring after tooth extraction in patients with congenital coagulopathies]. / Osobennosti ostanovki krovotechenii, voznikaiushchikh posle udaleniia zubov, u bol'nykh s vrozhdennymi koagulopatiiami.

Prompt and durable hemostasis was achieved in 56 hemophilic patients and 62 patients with von Willebrand disease in 131 and 62 teeth extractions, respectively. The antihemophilic globulin-containing drug was infused as only a single dose in 61 of the 146 cases. Kaprofer, hemostatic sponge with kanamycin and tamponade were locally applied. No bleedings were observed.

[Changes in the rheologic properties of erythrocytes in various hematologic diseases]. / Izmeneniia nekotorykh reologicheskikh svoistv eritrotsitov pri riade zabolevanii sistemy krovi.

Some rheological properties of red blood cells were investigated in certain hematological diseases, considering the factors inducing disorders in red blood cell aggregation, deformability and viscosity. It has been shown that these disorders are responsible for increased blood viscosity and microcirculatory disorders in some blood diseases. The changes in red blood cell rheological properties play a significant role in the pathogenesis of thrombohemorrhagic complications in certain hematological diseases. The study of rheological mechanisms regulating blood circulation is necessary for successful development of optimal programs for combined treatment of hematological patients.

[A mathematical method of estimating the activity of blood coagulation factors]. / Matematicheskii sposob rascheta aktivnosti nekotorykh faktorov svertyvaniia krovi.

The authors discuss the drawbacks of the graphic method for estimating the activities of the blood coagulation factors V, VII, and VIII and suggest a mathematical formula for calculation of these factors activities, appropriate coefficients, and a universal program for "Elektronika" B3-34, MK-54, and MK-56 microcalculators.