RESUMO
Family dynamics and attributes are increasingly recognized as affecting management of diabetes mellitus (DM); however, little research has been done on the validity and usefulness of family assessment instruments (FAIs). This article reviewed the literature that employs DM-specific FAIs and evaluates whether the instruments comprehensively captured family attributes/processes and were robust enough to be useful in understanding the relationship between family attributes/issues and DM-related health care. Studies using eight instruments were identified through a search of literature published from 1982 to 2010 and were analyzed with criteria derived from the measurement and family literatures. The findings of this study revealed that DM-specific FAIs yield useful data about family-related phenomenon; however, some domains of DM-specific care, such as family dynamics/functioning, were not overtly measured. Suggestions for improving DM-specific FAIs are provided and a rationale for why DM-specific and non-DM-specific FAIs is needed to fully measure family issues related to family dynamics/attributes on DM patient care.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/fisiopatologia , Família , Diabetes Mellitus/psicologia , Humanos , Modelos Teóricos , Psicometria , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Today, an increasing number of nurses are applying new genetic knowledge in their practice, research, and educational activities. Just as the evolving precepts of biology, psychology, sociology, medicine, public health, and economics are integral to the practice of quality patient care, so too are those of genomics. The International Society of Nurses in Genetics (ISONG) has taken up the challenge of educating nurses about genetics and about ways such knowledge might be integrated into practice.
Assuntos
Genética Médica/organização & administração , Liderança , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem , Sociedades de Enfermagem/organização & administração , Causas de Morte , Predisposição Genética para Doença/epidemiologia , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Genética Médica/educação , Objetivos , Humanos , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/organização & administração , Objetivos Organizacionais , Pesquisa/organização & administração , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Nurses can expect to become partners with patients and their families as genomic-based health care brings decisions involving gene-based diagnostics and therapeutics into commonplace practice. All health professionals need genetic literacy to continue competence in clinical practice in the future. This article explores the efforts nursing has undertaken during the past decade to integrate human and clinical genetics into practice and scholarship. Genetics nursing education literature in the second half of the 20th century was analyzed. A focused survey of 15 genetics nurses and nursing leaders regarding key national initiatives, genetics research training programs, and genetics education models was conducted. Nursing has taken a bidirectional approach (through grass roots and top-down initiatives) to implementing change and advancing genetics in nursing practice, research, and education. For optimal leadership in genetics education for nursing and other disciplines, bidirectional efforts must continue and concentrate on bringing genetics into clinical practice and scholarship as genomic-based health care spreads worldwide. Evidence of nursing's interdisciplinary leadership is recognized. Recommendations and strategies for continued nursing leadership and programs that build on previous work are presented.
