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Background: Human adenovirus (HAdV) infections in children can lead to profound pulmonary injury and are frequently associated with severe complications, particularly in cases concomitant with plastic bronchitis. Managing this condition presents significant challenges and carries an exceptionally high fatality rate. Regrettably, there are currently no specific antiviral agents that have demonstrated efficacy in treating severe adenovirus pneumonia in children. Case presentation: We report a 10-month-old infant suffering from severe adenovirus pneumonia combined with plastic bronchitis (PB). He received intravenous ribavirin combined with recombinant human interferon α1b (INFα1b) aerosol inhalation and his condition eventually improved. No side effects occurred during the treatment, and the long-term prognosis was favorable. Conclusion: In this case, the combination therapy of intravenous ribavirin and INFα1b seems to have contributed to the resolution of illness and may be considered for similar cases until stronger evidence is generated.
RESUMO
Introduction: Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the key methods for treating breast cancer. However, the effect of single RT is often poor because of insufficient deposition of X-rays in tumor sites and radiation resistance induced by the abnormal tumor microenvironment (overexpression of glutathione (GSH)). The development of multifunctional RT sensitizers and synergetic therapeutic strategies is, therefore, a promising area for enhancing the anticancer effect of RT. Methods: In this study, a multifunctional nanozyme hydrogel based on Cu-doped polypyrrole (CuP) was designed to work concertedly with a second near-infrared thermal RT. The CuP-based hydrogel (CH) reached the tumor site when injected in-situ and achieved long-term storage. Results: Once stimulated with 1064-nm laser irradiation, the heated and softened hydrogel system released CuP nanozyme to provide photothermal therapy, thereby inhibiting the repair of DNA damage caused by RT. In addition, CuP with dual nanozyme activity depleted the intracellular GSH to reduce the antioxidant capacity of the tumor. Moreover, CuP converted H2O2 to produce ·OH to directly kill the tumor cells, thus enhancing the capability of low-dose RT to inhibit tumor growth. In vivo experiments showed that the CH system used in combination with a low-power 1064-nm laser and low-dose RT (4 Gy) exhibited good synergistic anticancer effects and biological safety. Discussion: As a new light-responsive hydrogel system, CH holds immense potential for radio-sensitization.
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As the first-line clinical drugs for tuberculosis (TB), isoniazid (INH), pyrazinamide (PZA), and rifampicin (RMP) are playing important roles for preventing the rapid spread of TB. Precise quantification of these drugs in biological samples is crucial to evaluate or improve the efficacy of advanced TB drug delivery systems, which are designed for reducing drug resistance, minimizing side effects, etc. Herein, a simple and sensitive method based on UPLC-UV was established and investigated for simultaneous quantification of PZA, INH, and RMP in human plasma and was applied to anti-TB drug therapeutic drug monitoring. The analytes were implemented on an HSS T3 C18 column at 40°C. The separation was performed with a gradient elution with methanol-acetonitrile-water (3:3:94) at 0.1 ml/min. The analysis only involved plasma with a small volume of 100 µL and a rapid one-step protein precipitation with methanol-acetonitrile (1:1). The results showed that the calibration curves for INH, PZA, and RMP were linear in a range of 0.5-20 µg/ml, 5-60 µg/ml, and 5-60 µg/ml, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precisions were both smaller than 15%, and the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) was identifiable and reproducible at 0.5 µg/ml for INH and 5 µg/ml for both PZA and RMP, respectively. The target drugs in plasma were stable after 21 days of storage at -80°C. The results indicated that our developed method is suitable for the simultaneous monitoring of INH, PZA, and RMP in human plasma.
