Comparison between thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge by combined NaOH-microwave pretreatment.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of the thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic digestion process (TADP, MADP) fed with NaOH-microwave pretreated waste activated sludge. The experiment was conducted in anaerobic CSTR reactors. During this experiment, the reactors were stable in operation and were not inhibited by ammonia. The methane production and reduction of organic matters from MADP were less than those from TADP. The dewatering performance of mesophilic sludge was better than that of the thermophilic sludge. The experimental results showed that the continuous TADP and MADP were effective, when the reactors were fed with the waste activated sludge pretreated by NaOH-microwave. MADP was more suitable to combine the NaOH-MW pretreatment process than TADP.

[Progress on the regulation of quorum sensing in wastewater treatment]. / åºŸæ°´å¤„ç†ä¸­ç¾¤ä½“æ„Ÿåº”è°ƒæŽ§è¡Œä¸ºç ”ç©¶è¿›å±•.

Quorum sensing is a phenomenon that microorganisms secrete some signal molecules, when such molecules accumulate to a threshold level, which would realize the information communication by regulating specific gene expression. Quorum sensing, which is widely found in information communication of various microorganisms, regulates a variety of social behaviors, such as biofilm formation, public goods production, and gene horizontal transfer of bacteria. The phenomenon of quorum sensing is widespread in biological aggregates, such as activated sludge, biofilm and granular sludge. Learning and understanding the regulation behavior between quorum sensing and microorganisms plays an important role in wastewater treatment. Here, we reviewed the classification of the sensing signal molecule, regulation mechanism of quorum sensing, as well as the regulation behavior of quorum sensing in activated sludge, biofilm, aerobic granular sludge, and anaerobic granular sludge. The future researches of quorum sensing in wastewater treatment were discussed. This review could deepen the understanding of the regulation of quorum sensing in wastewater treatment.

Folate conjugated chitosan grafted thiazole orange derivative with high targeting for early breast cancer cells diagnosis.

The folate receptor (FR) is over-expressed on many solid tumors and has been exploited for targeted delivery of folic acid linked liposomes to cancer cells in vitro. In the present study, we developed a novel folic acid (FA) conjugated chitosan (CTS) grafted thiazole orange (TO) complex (FA-CTS-TO), and the formation can be used to label tumor cells. The structure of TO derivatives was confirmed by (1)H NMR and MS, and the fluorescence probe of FA-CTS-TO complex was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared analysis and Differential thermal analysis. The in vitro and in vivo of FA-CTS-TO complex were tested in breast cancer cells and the results showed a high targeting specificity in tumor cells with FR over-expressed. Such prominent fluorescence properties demonstrate again that FA-CTS-TO complex as a tumor targeting fluorescence probe is appropriate for breast cancer cells.