[Adsorption Performance and Mechanism of Oxytetracycline in Water by KOH Modified Biochar Derived from Corn Straw].

The pollution control of tetracycline antibiotics in the environment has become a hot topic, and biochar adsorption has become an important technology to remove organic pollutants. Pyrolytic biochars (BC400, BC500, and BC600) were prepared from corn straw and then were modified by KOH to obtain KBC400, KBC500, and KBC600. Among them, KBC400 was selected for secondary pyrolysis activation at 400-600℃ to obtain AKBC400, AKBC500, and AKBC600. The structure characteristics and surface properties of AKBC were also characterized. The adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic characteristics of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) in the solution by AKBC were investigated using batch experiments. Compared to that of BC400, the specific surface area and pore structure of AKBC were significantly improved, and the aromaticity was also enhanced, resulting in the notable enhancement of the adsorption capacities for OTC. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model could better fit the adsorption process, and AKBC500 had the largest adsorption rate constant and capacity. Both the intraparticle diffusion and film diffusion were the rate-limiting steps. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models could fit the adsorption isotherms perfectly. The adsorption of OTC on AKBC was a spontaneous, endothermic, and entropy-increasing process by both physisorption and chemisorption. The pH values in the range of 3.0-7.0 were favorable for the adsorption of OTC by AKBC. The adsorption capacity decreased with the humic acid concentration over 10 mg·L-1. The adsorption mechanism of OTC by AKBC involved pore filling, hydrogen bonding, π-π conjugation, cation-π bond, and strong electrostatic effect. AKBC still had good reusability for OTC removal after five times of regeneration. The obtained AKBC is a potential adsorbent for OTC removal from water due to the good pore structure, high adsorption capacity, and stable adsorption effect.

A Ni(II) Coordination Polymer as a Multifunctional Luminescent Sensor for Detection of UO22+, Cr2O72-, CrO42- and Nitrofurantoin.

A new Ni coordination polymer [Ni(MIP)(BMIOPE)]n (1) was constructed (BMIOPE = 4,4'-bis(2-methylimidazol-1-yl)diphenyl ether, and H2MIP = 5-methylisophthalic acid), possessing two-dimensional (2D) twofold parallel interwoven net structure with a 44∙62 point symbol. Complex 1 has been successfully obtained based on mixed-ligand strategy. The fluorescence titration experiments revealed that complex 1 could act as multifunctional luminescent sensor to simultaneously detect UO22+, Cr2O72- and CrO42-, and NFT (nitrofurantoin). The limit of detection (LOD) values for complex 1 are 2.86 × 10-5, 4.09 × 10-5, 3.79 × 10-5 and 9.32 × 10-5 M for UO22+, Cr2O72-, CrO42- and NFT. The Ksv values are 6.18 × 103, 1.44 × 104, 1.27 × 104 and 1.51 × 104 M-1 for NFT, CrO42-, Cr2O72- and UO22+. Finally, the mechanism of its luminescence sensing is studied in detail. These results manifest that complex 1 is a multifunctional sensor for sensitive fluorescent UO22+, Cr2O72-, CrO42- and NFT detection.

Progress on traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of ischemic stroke via the gut-brain axis.

Ischemic stroke is a common issue that severely affects the human health. Between the central nervous system and the enteric system, the " Gut-Brain " axis, the bidirectional connection involved in the neuro-immuno-endocrine network, is crucial for the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke can lead to change in the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal hormones, which will then reversely affect the disease development. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has unique advantages with reference to the treatment for ischemic stroke. The latest research revealed that a significant portion of medicines and prescriptions of TCM exert their therapeutic effects by improving the gut microbiota and regulating the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones. The present review summarized the Chinese medicines that play a therapeutic role in cerebral ischemia through regulating the "Gut-Brain" axis and described the corresponding mechanisms. This study attempts to provide reference for clinical selection of Chinese medicines and helps better understand the relevant mechanisms of action.

Targeting microRNA-125b inhibited the metastasis of Alisertib resistance cells through mediating p53 pathway / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To clarify the mechanisms involvement in Alisertib-resistant colorectal cells and explore a potential target to overcome Alisertib-resistance. Methods: Drug-resistant colon cancer cell line (named as HCT-8-7T cells) was established and transplanted into immunodeficient mice. The metastasis in vivo were observed. Proliferation and migration of HCT-8-7T cells and their parental cells were assessed by colony formation and Transwell assay, respectively. Glycolytic capacity and glutamine metabolism of cells were analyzed by metabolism assays. The protein and mRNA levels of critical factors which are involved in mediating glycolysis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were examined by western blot and reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR), respectively. Results: In comparison with the mice transplanted with HCT-8 cells, which were survival with limited metastatic tumor cells in organs, aggressive metastases were observed in liver, lung, kidney and ovary of HCT-8-7T transplanted mice (P<0.05). The levels of ATP [(0.10±0.01) mmol/L], glycolysis [(81.77±8.21) mpH/min] and the capacity of glycolysis [(55.50±3.48) mpH/min] in HCT-8-7T cells were higher than those of HCT-8 cells [(0.04±0.01) mmol/L, (27.77±2.55) mpH/min and(14.00±1.19) mpH/min, respectively, P<0.05]. Meanwhile, the levels of p53 protein and mRNA in HCT-8-7T cells were potently decreased as compared to that in HCT-8 cells (P<0.05). However, the level of miRNA-125b (2.21±0.12) in HCT-8-7T cells was significantly elevated as compared to that in HCT-8 cells (1.00±0.00, P<0.001). In HCT-8-7T cells, forced-expression of p53 reduced the colon number (162.00±24.00) and the migration [(18.53±5.67)%] as compared with those in cells transfected with control vector [274.70±40.50 and (100.00±29.06)%, P<0.05, respectively]. Similarly, miR-125b mimic decreased the glycolysis [(25.28±9.51) mpH/min] in HCT-8-7T cells as compared with that [(54.38±12.70)mpH/min, P=0.003] in HCT-8-7T cells transfected with control. Meanwhile, in comparison with control transfected HCT-8-7T cells, miR-125b mimic also significantly led to an increase in the levels of p53 and β-catenin, in parallel with a decrease in the levels of PFK1 and HK1 in HCT-8-7T cells (P<0.05). Conclusions: Silencing of p53 by miR-125b could be one of the mechanisms that contributes to Alisertib resistance. Targeting miR-125b could be a strategy to overcome Alisertib resistance.

Effect of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Dose in Grafts on CMV Infection after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the correlation between plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) dose in grafts and the occurrence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 80 children who received allo-HSCT in Children's Hospital of Soochow University from August 20, 2020 to June 11, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Proportions of DC subsets and T-cell subsets in grafts were detected by flow cytometry in order to calculate infused cell dose of each cell. Weekly monitoring of CMV-DNA copies in peripheral blood for each child were performed after transplantation. The last follow-up date was December 31, 2021.@*RESULTS@#All the children gained hematopoietic reconstitution. CMV infection was observed in 51 children (63.8%±5.4%) within the first 100 days after transplantation, including 2 cases developing CMV disease. Univariate analysis indicated that infused doses of DC and pDC were significantly associated with CMV infection within 100 days after allo-HSCT (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that a high dose infusion of pDC was an independent protective factor for CMV infection within 100 days after allo-HSCT (P <0.05). By the end of follow-up, 7 children died of transplantation-related complications, including 2 deaths from CMV disease, 2 deaths from extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease, and 3 deaths from capillary leak syndrome. The overall survival rate was 91.2%.@*CONCLUSION@#The pDC in grafts may be associated with early infection of CMV after allo-HSCT, while a high infused pDC dose may serve as a protective factor for CMV infection after transplantation.

A modification-centric assessment tool for the performance of chemoproteomic probes.

Chemoproteomics has emerged as a key technology to expand the functional space in complex proteomes for probing fundamental biology and for discovering new small-molecule-based therapies. Here we report a modification-centric computational tool termed pChem to provide a streamlined pipeline for unbiased performance assessment of chemoproteomic probes. The pipeline starts with an experimental setting for isotopically coding probe-derived modifications that can be automatically recognized by pChem, with masses accurately calculated and sites precisely localized. pChem exports on-demand reports by scoring the profiling efficiency, modification homogeneity and proteome-wide residue selectivity of a tested probe. The performance and robustness of pChem were benchmarked by applying it to eighteen bioorthogonal probes. These analyses reveal that the formation of unexpected probe-derived modifications can be driven by endogenous reactive metabolites (for example, bioactive aldehydes and glutathione). pChem is a powerful and user-friendly tool that aims to facilitate the development of probes for the ever-growing field of chemoproteomics.

Dopamine Functionalized Polyethylene Glycol for Improving Stability of Gold Nanoparticles against Reactive Oxygen Species in Serum.

PEGylation is the most effective antifouling method for the surface modification of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). However, thiol-terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG) ligands tethered on the AuNPs are instable in serum and can detach from the AuNP surface, resulting in a significant reduce of their antifouling properties. Herein, it is reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a major factor causing the detachment of PEG ligands from AuNP surfaces. By covalently backfilling dopamine-functionalized PEG on the AuNPs, the stability of PEG ligands on AuNP surface and the antifouling ability of AuNPs can be effectively improved. Tuning the balance between ROS and dopamine-functionalized PEG can be used as a new strategy to control the self-assembly of AuNPs and serum proteins.

In2S3 nanoparticles coupled to In-MOF nanorods: The structural and electronic modulation for synergetic photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B.

Enhancing photocatalytic performance via electronic modulation have attracted much attention for synergetic photocatalytic degradation of antibiotic pollutant. In this study, a new hetero-structured system is raised, which comprises In2S3 coupled to In-MOF and operates as an efficient photocatalyst for RhB degradation. The formation of hetero-structure and occurred electron modulation of In2S3/In-MOF hybrid was confirmed by relevant characterizations. Surprisingly, the In2S3/In-MOF hybrid represented enhanced photocatalytic ability over In-MOF. The photocatalysis of Rhodamine B in presence of In2S3/In-MOF hybrid has achieved 92.2 % degradation.

Correlation analysis between the expression of cannabinoid 2 receptor and the related indicators of pyroptosis in sepsis / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To explore the correlation between cannabinoid 2 receptor (CB2R) and pyroptosis-related indicators in mice with septic lung injury.Methods:Mice were randomly (ramdon number) divided into four groups ( n=6 per group): sham operation group (sham), mild sepsis group (ALIMi), moderate sepsis group (ALIMo) and severe sepsis group (ALIS). The model of septic lung injury was established by cecal ligation and puncture. The wet-dry weight ratio of lung tissues and lung injury scores were measured 12 hours after operation. The expression of CB2R protein was measured by western blot, and the expression of mRNA of CB2R, NLRP3, caspase-1/11, GSDMD were detected by RT-PCR. Meanwhile ELISA was used to measure the level of inflammatory factor IL-6 and TNF-α. SPSS 22.0 software was used for data analysis. Multiple comparison was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) and comparison between two groups was performed by LSD test or Games-Howell test. Then, the correlation between the expression of CB2R mRNA and the level of inflammatory cytokines as well as the expression of the pyroptosis-related indicators mRNA was analyzed by pearson correlation analysis, respectively. Results:The statistical value F was obtained by one-way ANOVA and comparison between two groups was performed. Compared to sham group, all above indicators increased with the aggravation of inflammation in the sepsis groups ( P<0.05). Compared to ALIMi group, the concentrations of IL-6 [(277.31±41.07) vs.(140.09±27.56), P<0.05] and TNF-α [(501.09±73.91) vs. (261.36±40.73), P<0.05] in lung tissue homogenate increased in ALIMo group. And the level of CB2mRNA [(2.99±0.28) vs. (2.02±0.19), P<0.05], the expression of CB2 protein [(0.44±0.08) vs.(0.23±0.05), P<0.05] and the level of NLRP3 [(2.53±0.26) vs.(1.61±0.15), P<0.05], caspase-1 [(6.02±0.35) vs.(3.60±0.38), P<0.05], caspase-11 [(11.43±0.83) vs.(6.30±0.65), P<0.05] and GSDMD [(10.46±0.62) vs. (5.67±0.54), P<0.05] mRNA also increased. Compared to ALIMo group, the concentrations of IL-6 [(475.90±67.65) vs. (277.31±41.07), P<0.05] and TNF-α [(713.93±58.85) vs. (501.09±73.91), P<0.05] in lung tissue homogenate increased in ALIS group. And the level of CB2mRNA [(4.00±0.19) vs.(2.99±0.28), P<0.05], the expression of CB2 protein [(0.61±0.05) vs.(0.44±0.08), P<0.05] and the level of NLRP3 [(4.75±0.40) vs.(2.53±0.26), P<0.05], caspase-1 [(8.76±0.72) vs.(6.02±0.35), P<0.05], caspase-11 [(16.31±1.13) vs.(11.43±0.83), P<0.05] and GSDMD [(16.46±1.22) vs. (10.46±0.62), P<0.05] mRNA also increased. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that there was a highly positive correlation between the expression of CB2R mRNA and the expression of mRNA of NLRP3, caspase-1/11, and GSDMD respectively ( r>0.9, P<0.01). Conclusion:The correlation between the aggravation of inflammation, the indicators of pyroptosis and CB2R mRNA was highly positive in different degrees of septic lung injury. Consequently, CB2R may play a role in the regulatory process of inflammation.

Radiation-induced Hierarchical Topologically Associated Domain Change and Its Role in Cellular Responses to Radiation / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

The three-dimensional (3D) genome organization plays an important role in gene regulation. As a basic functional unit of the genome, topologically associated domain (TAD) regulates multiplebiological processes such as gene expression and DNA replication and plays a role in radiation-inducedDNA damage repair. Recent studies showed that TAD is not a completely independent domain butcontains hierarchical internal domains, which could be a new mechanism of gene regulation. To explorethe role of hierarchical TAD in cellular responses to radiation, we apply the OnTAD algorithm, anoptimized nested TAD caller from Hi-C data, to identify hierarchical TAD in 26 Hi-C data from Geneexpression omnibus (GEO) database. These data were from irradiated fibroblasts, lymphoblasts andfibroblasts deficient in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene with 5 Gy X-ray. We observe thatX-ray can regularly affect the hierarchy of TAD in which high-level TAD is prone to change and low-levelTAD is more conservative. We propose that radiation-induced TAD hierarchy change can regulate cellularresponses to radiation by regulating gene expression, and ATM is a necessary factor for radiation-inducedTAD hierarchy change and recovery. This study provides new insights into the role of the 3D genome inradiation-induced cellular responses from the perspective of hierarchical TAD structures.

Real-world outcomes of niraparib treatment in patients with ovarian cancer: the first observational multicenter study in China / 부인종양

Objective@#The objective of this study was to present the real-world patients’ portrait, and the results of niraparib treatment in China. @*Methods@#This study included 142 patients treated with niraparib from 8 hospitals in China between December 2018 and September 2021. Patients’ characteristics were summarized. The efficacy and safety in first-line maintenance (1L-M), platinum-sensitive recurrence maintenance (PSR-M), and treatment for ovarian cancer were evaluated. Survival outcomes and the factors influencing progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated. @*Results@#The 93 patients received Niraparib as 1L-M, 31 as PSR-M and 18 as salvage. BRCA status was wild type or unknown in 87.3% of patients. With a median follow-up time of 8.7 months, the median PFS (mPFS) for 1L-M has not yet been reached, and the mPFS for PSR-M and salvage therapy was 10.5 and 5.7 months, respectively. Responses to last chemotherapy and cancer antigen 125 value before taking niraparib were 2 important factors affecting PFS among 1L and PSR patients. The 12.7% (18/142) of patients experienced grade ≥3 hematologic adverse events and 23.2% experienced dose adjustment. It was noteworthy that when the interval of chemotherapy and niraparib <21 days, the incidence of grade ≥3 adverse events increased significantly (p=0.0355). @*Conclusion@#Generally, niraparib was effective and well tolerated, which was consistent with the results of prospective trials. However, in real world, it was more inclined to use niraparib in late-line treatment without genetic testing.

One-year follow-up results of atrial fibrillation patients who undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate whether atrial fibrillation (AF) before transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) will affect the prognosis of patients post TAVI. Methods: This is a single center retrospective study. A total of 115 patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) who were admitted to General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from May 2016 to November 2020 and successfully received TAVI treatment were included. According to absence or accompaniment of AF pre-TAVI, they were divided into AF group (21 cases) and non-AF group (94 cases). The patients were followed up for postoperative antithrombotic treatment and the occurrence of the net adverse clinical and cerebrovascular events (NACCE) at 12 months post TAVI, including cardiogenic death, readmission to hospital for heart failure, nonfatal myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke and severe bleeding (BARC levels 3-5). Univariate logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of NACCE. Results: Among the 115 selected patients, age was (73.8±6.9) years, there were 63 males. And 21 cases (18.2%) were diagnosed as AFbefore TAVI. In terms of postoperative antithrombotic therapy, 48.9% (46/94) of the patients in the non-AF group received monotherapy and 47.9% (45/94) received dual antiplatelet therapy. In the AF group, 47.6% (10/21) received anticoagulants and 33.3% (7/21) received dual antiplatelet therapy. The proportion of patients in the AF group taking non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) was higher than that in the non-AF group (38.1% (8/21) vs. 2.1% (2/94), P<0.001). Patients in both groups were followed up to 12 months after TAVI. During the 12 months follow-up, the incidence of NACCE after TAVI was 14.3% (3/21) in the AF group, which was numerically higher than that in the non-AF group (6.4% (6/94)), but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.441). The incidence of severe bleeding was significantly higher in the AF group than in the non-AF group (9.5% (2/21) vs. 0, P=0.032). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension was associated with the risk of NACCE (OR=8.308, P=0.050), while AF was not associated with the risk of NACCE (P=0.235). Conclusion: The incidence of severe bleeding after TAVI is higher in patients with AF than in patients without AF prior TAVI, and there is a trend of increased risk of NACCE post TAVI in AF patients.

Digital analysis of the correlation between gingival thickness and alveolar bone thickness in the maxillary anterior teeth region / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To measure the labial gingival thickness and bone lamella thickness in the maxillary anterior area using digital method, and to analyze the correlation between the two, so as to provide a reference for esthetic restoration and implantation treatment of the upper anterior area. Methods: Fifty-seven patients [23 males, 34 females, (25.8±4.5) years old] who planned to receive posterior dental implant restoration were recruited randomly with the inclusion and exclusion criteria in Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University from May 2020 to October 2020. The 3Shape software was used to perform oral scanning, and cone beam CT (CBCT) was taken for each patient. The image data was fitted and registered by the 3Shape software. The gingival thickness at 2 mm below the gingival margin, bone thickness and gingival thickness at 2 and, 4 mm below the crest of the labial alveolar crest in maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors and canines, were measured. Results: The gingival thickness at 2 mm below the gingival margin of maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors and canines was (1.42±0.21), (1.19±0.17) and (1.23±0.20) mm respectively (F=12.47, P<0.001). The gingival thickness at 2 mm below gingival margin and 4 mm below crest of residual ridge in the male patients were (1.31±0.21) and (0.67±0.22) mm, and those in the female patients were (1.26±0.22) and (0.58±0.19) mm respectively, and there were statistically significant differences in the gingival thickness between the "2 mm below gingival margin" group and the "4 mm below crest of residual ridge" group (t=2.01 and 3.97, P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between gingival thickness and alveolar bone thickness at 2 mm and 4 mm below the crest of residual ridge in maxillary anterior region, and the correlation coefficients (r) were 0.387 and 0.344 respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions: Gingival thickness of maxillary anterior area is related to the tooth position and gender. The gingival thickness of men is greater than that of women.The gingival thickness at 2 and 4 mm below the crest of the alveolar crest is positively correlated with the thickness of the alveolar bone.

Efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution and Cr(VI) reduction under visible light using a novel Z-scheme SnIn4S8/CeO2 heterojunction photocatalysts.

Semiconductor photocatalysis technology is a promising method for hydrogen production and water pollution treatment. Here, the SnIn4S8/CeO2 (SISC) composites were fabricated by a stirring and calcination method, and the mass ratio of SnIn4S8 to CeO2 was optimized. The 50 wt% SISC heterojunction photocatalyst has the highest visible light catalytic activity. The degradation rate of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) is 98.8% in 75 min of light irradiation, which is 2.48 times that of pure CeO2. Besides, the 50 wt% SISC composite photocatalyst also has the highest photocatalytic hydrogen production efficiency (0.6193 mmol g-1 h-1), which exhibits a higher photocatalytic activity than pure CeO2 and SnIn4S8. The enhanced photocatalytic performance can be attributed to the Z-scheme heterojunction structure between CeO2 and SnIn4S8, which can effectively separate and transfer photo-generated charges, thereby reducing the recombination of photo-generated carriers. We hope this work can provide ideas for constructing Z-scheme heterojunction structures and improving photocatalytic activity under visible light.

Facile Synthesis of Uniform Mesoporous Nb2O5 Micro-Flowers for Enhancing Photodegradation of Methyl Orange.

The removal of organic pollutants using green environmental photocatalytic degradation techniques urgently need high-performance catalysts. In this work, a facile one-step hydrothermal technique has been successfully applied to synthesize a Nb2O5 photocatalyst with uniform micro-flower structure for the degradation of methyl orange (MO) under UV irradiation. These nanocatalysts are characterized by transmission and scanning electron microscopies (TEM and SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). It is found that the prepared Nb2O5 micro-flowers presents a good crystal phases and consist of 3D hierarchical nanosheets with 400-500 nm in diameter. The surface area is as large as 48.6 m2 g-1. Importantly, the Nb2O5 micro-flowers exhibit superior catalytic activity up to 99.9% for the photodegradation of MO within 20 mins, which is about 60-fold and 4-fold larger than that of without catalysts (W/O) and commercial TiO2 (P25) sample, respectively. This excellent performance may be attributed to 3D porous structure with abundant catalytic active sites.

Treatment of nonunion after femoral neck fracture with valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy: a case report with 18-year follow-up.

We herein report the long-term effect of valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy for nonunion after femoral neck fracture. In this report, we describe our experience using valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy to treat nonunion after femoral neck fracture in a 20-year-old woman. The patient was discharged from the hospital 10 days after the operation, the internal fixation device was removed 1 year after the operation, and the patient was then followed up for 18 years. Valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy can effectively treat nonunion after adductive femoral neck fracture.

GP73 is a glucogenic hormone regulating SARS-CoV-2-induced hyperglycemia

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection induces new-onset diabetes and severe metabolic complications of pre-existing diabetes. The pathogenic mechanism underlying this is incompletely understood. Here, we provided evidence linking circulating GP73 with the exaggerated gluconeogenesis triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found that SARS-CoV-2 infection or glucotoxic condition increased the cellular secretion of GP73. Secreted GP73 trafficked to the liver and kidney to stimulate gluconeogenesis through cAMP/PKA pathway. By using global phosphoproteomics, we found a drastic remodeling of PKA kinase hub exerted by GP73. Notably, COVID-19 patients showed pathologically elevated plasma GP73, and neutralization of the secreted GP73 inhibited enhanced PKA signaling and glucose production associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. GP73 blockade also reduced gluconeogenesis and lowered hyperglycemia in type 2 (T2D) diabetic mice. Therefore, our findings provide novel insight into the roles of GP73 as a key glucogenic hormone and mechanistic clues underlying the development of SARS-CoV-induced glucose abnormalities.

Highly efficient activation of peroxymonosulfate by Co3O4/Bi2WO6 p-n heterojunction composites for the degradation of ciprofloxacin under visible light irradiation.

Photocatalytic technology assisted via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) has good potential in water treatment. In this study, the Co3O4/Bi2WO6 composite was constructed via an in-situ calcination process and used to activate PMS for the degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) under visible light irradiation. The obtained 5 wt% Co3O4/Bi2WO6(CBWO-2) can highly effectively remove 86.2% CIP within 5 min visible light irradiation in presence of PMS. The excellent degradation performance of Co3O4/Bi2WO6/PMS system can be attributed to the synergistic effect between p-n heterojunction and PMS activation. The conduction band and valence band deviation between Co3O4 and Bi2WO6 were calculated by XPS techniques. Besides, DFT calculations were performed to further confirm the internal structure between Co3O4 and Bi2WO6. This work not only provides an approach to fabricate heterostructures but also indicated that Co3O4/Bi2WO6/PMS/Vis system is a potential environment remediation alternative for the efficient removal of recalcitrant organic compounds from wastewaters.

Analysis of Chemical Constituents in Violae Herba and Investigation of Its Antioxidant Activity in Vitro / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the chemical constituents and antioxidant activities of Violae Herba from the Violaceae. Method:The 5 kg of Violae Herba was refluxing extracted with 3 times the amount of 95% ethanol for three times， then the extracting solution was combined， filtrated， concentrated under vacuum to get the total extract. Seven corresponding fractions were eluted with petroleum ether， dichloromethane， dichloromethane-methanol （50∶1， 10∶1， 5∶1， 2∶1） and methanol by silica gel column chromatography （60-100 mesh） on the total extract. Each fraction was isolated and purified by normal phase silica gel column chromatography， octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica （ODS） column chromatography， Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）， respectively. The structures of the obtained compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods of nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）， mass spectroscopy （MS） and infrared spectroscopy （IR）. Meanwhile， some of these compounds isolated from Violae Herba were carried on the 1，1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl （DPPH） free radical scavenging experiment. Result:Fourteen compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of Violae Herba， including <italic>N</italic>-acetyl-1-ethyl ester glutamic acid （<bold>1</bold>）， <italic>N</italic>-acetyl glutamic acid-1-ethyl-5-methyl ester （<bold>2</bold>）， aurantiamide （<bold>3</bold>）， <italic>rel</italic>-（2<italic>α</italic>，3<italic>β</italic>）-7-<italic>O</italic>-methylcedrusin （<bold>4</bold>）， oleanolic acid （<bold>5</bold>）， <italic>α</italic>-tocopherol-quinone （<bold>6</bold>）， tectochrysin （<bold>7</bold>）， isoscopoletin （<bold>8</bold>）， esculetin （<bold>9</bold>）， 24-ethylcholesta-4，24（28）<italic>Z</italic>-dien-3-one （<bold>10</bold>）， stigmasta-4，25-dien-3-one （<bold>11</bold>）， <italic>β</italic>-sitostenone （<bold>12</bold>）， <italic>β</italic>-sitosterol （<bold>13</bold>）， （24<italic>R</italic>）-3<italic>β</italic>-hydroxy-ethylcholest-5-en-7-one （<bold>14</bold>）. Conclusion:Compound <bold>2</bold> is a new natural product， compounds <bold>1</bold>， <bold>4</bold>， <bold>6</bold>， <bold>7</bold>， <bold>10</bold>-<bold>12 </bold>are isolated from the genus <italic>Viola</italic> for the first time. Compound <bold>9</bold> has significant antioxidant activity， while compounds <bold>2</bold>， <bold>6 </bold>and<bold> 8</bold> have certain DPPH free radical scavenging activity.

Curative effect of antibiotic de-escalation therapy on severe pneumonia / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of antibiotic de-escalation therapy in the treatment of severe pneumonia.Methods:Sixty patients with severe pneumonia who received treatment in The First People's Hospital of Yongkang,China from January 2015 to January 2018 were included in this study.They were randomly assigned to receive either conventional antibiotic therapy (control group, n = 30) or antibiotic de-escalation therapy (observation group, n = 30).The clinical efficacy,symptom relief time,antibiotic treatment time,length of hospital stay,pulmonary ventilation function index,serum levels of inflammatory factors and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the control and observation groups. Results:Total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [93.33% (28/30) vs.73.33% (22/30), χ2 = 4.320, P < 0.05].The time to disappearance of cough,fever and abnormal lung sounds in the observation group was (2.10 ± 1.25) d,(2.19 ± 1.24) d,(2.01 ± 0.56) d,respectively,which was significantly shorter than that in the control group [(3.73 ± 1.92) d,(3.68 ± 1.70) d,(3.36 ± 0.78) d, t = 3.897,3.878,7.701,all P < 0.05].The antibiotic treatment time and length of hospital stay in the observation group were (2.89 ± 1.06) d and (4.08 ± 1.23) d,respectively,which were shorter those in the control group [(4.27 ± 1.45) d and (5.76 ± 1.69) d, t = 4.208 and 4.402,both P < 0.05].The forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1) and the ratio of FEV 1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) in the observation group were (2.09 ± 0.69) L and (58.94 ± 15.67)%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(1.43 ± 0.57) L,(43.12 ± 11.03)%, t = 4.039 and 4.522,both P < 0.05).Serum levels of C-reactive protein,interleukin-6 and procalcitonin in the observation group were (5.84 ± 2.09) mg/L,(20.05 ± 2.76) ng/L,(2.18 ± 0.78) ng/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(8.50 ± 2.67) mg/L,(23.24 ± 3.07) ng/L,(3.11 ± 0.97) ng/L, t = 4.297,4.232,4.092,all P < 0.05].There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation and control groups (6.67% vs.10.00%, χ2 = 0.218, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Antibiotic de-escalation therapy for the treatment of severe pneumonia can shorten the time of disappearance of clinical symptoms,improve pulmonary ventilation function,and inhibit systemic inflammatory reaction without increasing adverse reactions.